stefano zoia, on odontiomorpha with description of two new … · 2012. 6. 21. · trally with...

Introduction

Describing the new genus Odontiomorpha,for the new species O. minuta, Jacoby(1900) arranged it in a group, namelyOdontionopinae (following Chapuis 1874and Lefèvre 1885), which included theAfrican genera Odontionopa Chev rolat,1836, Obelistes Lefèvre, 1885 and PhascusLefèvre, 1884. Odontiomorpha was laterconsidered by Selman (1965, 1972) in thetribe Colaspoidini due to the “pygidiumgrooved medially”, together with thegenus Platycorynus Chevrolat, 1836. Thedescription of two new species of Odon-tiomorpha gives me the opportunity to re-consider the position of this genus.

Depositories

MCZH – Museum of Comparative Zoolo-gy at Harvard University, Cambridge,Massachusetts, USA; NHML – NaturalHistory Museum, London, England; MD-coll (Mauro Daccordi coll., Verona, Italy;MSNM – Museo Civico di Storia Naturaledi Milano, Italy; SZcoll – Stefano Zoiacoll., Milano, Italy.

Stefano Zoia, On Odontiomorpha with description of two new species

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On Odontiomorpha Jacoby, 1900 with description of two new species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)*

● Stefano Zoia

straight, continuous with prosternal an-terior margin; prosternum a little longerthan wide, transversely convex in themiddle, finely pubescent. Mesothoracicepisterna triangular; mesosternum withdistal margin concave; metathoracicepimera oblong, moder ately wide(about four times longer than wide), pu-bescent; metasternum with distal borderimpressed in the middle. Abdomen dor-sally poorly sclerotized; pygidium scle-rotized, with a longitudinal mediangroove (Figs 3, 7, 11), covered by theelytra; sternites finely pubescent. Elytraeither glabrous or pubescent, irregular-ly punctured, only at sides with traces of rows of punctures; epipleura moder-ately wide, tapering to the elytral apex. Metathoracic wings fully devel-oped. Legs moderately robust, with very fine pubescence; femora moderate-ly widened, each with a small mediantooth; pro- and mesotibiae arched;meso- and metatibiae emarginate distal-ly; tarsal claws appendiculate. Aedeagustube-like, strongly flexed dorso-ventral-ly; apex wide and robust, with distalmargin more or less rounded; tegmenopen dorsally, the two arms hardlyreaching the sides of the median lobe;ostium dorsal, subovate. SpermathecaC-shaped; spermathecal ductus not sc le-rotized, moderately long; spermathecalgland tubular, thin, longer than the spermathecal body; vagina without in-ner sclerotized plates. Styli small, coni-

Abstract. A redescription of Odon-tiomorpha minuta Jacoby, 1900 (Na-tal) and a description of O. capensissp. nov. (Cape Province) and O. cuprinasp. nov. (Cape Province) are provided;the position of the genus Odontiomor-pha Jacoby, 1900 is briefly discussedand its relationship to OdontionopaChev rolat, 1836 is pointed out.

Zusammenfassung. Odontiomorphaminuta Jacoby, 1900 aus Natal wirdwiederbeschrieben, O. capensis sp. nov.und O. cuprina sp. nov., beide aus derKap-Provinz Südafrikas, werden neubeschrieben. Die systematische Stel-lung von Odontiomorpha Jacoby, 1900wird kurz diskutiert und ihre Nähe zuOdontionopa Chevrolat, 1836 heraus-gestellt.

Riassunto. Viene ridescritta Odontio-morpha minuta Jacoby, 1900 (Natal) edescritte O. capensis sp. nov. (Cape Pro-vince) e O. cuprina sp. nov. (Cape Pro-vince); viene brevemente discussa laposizione del genere OdontiomorphaJacoby, 1900 evidenziandone le affini -tà con Odontionopa Chevrolat, 1836.

Key words. Taxonomy, Odontiomorpha, Odontionopa, new species, South Africa, Afrotropical Region.

Odontiomorpha Jacoby, 1900

Clavareau, 1914: 65.Selman, 1965: 172 (Odontomorpha, sic!).Selman, 1972: 15 (Odontomorpha, sic!).

Type species. Odontiomorpha minuta Ja-coby, 1900.

Diagnosis. Eumolpinae of small size(1.8–2.9 mm) with oblong body, theprothorax narrower than the elytra, thelatter oblong, with humeri well devel-oped, moderately protruding. Head or-thognathous, scarcely retracted into theprothorax; eyes relatively wide andprominent, intere; frons punctured, witha fine pubescence, without any sulcusnear inner border of the eyes; labrumwith distal margin concave or straight;mandibles short, robust; palpi with thelast joint twice the second in length.First antennomere oblong, second ob-long, a little shorter than the third, thirdto sixth slender, seventh to eleventhmoderately enlarged. Pronotum trans-verse, almost so wide at base as at distalborder, sides curved throughout; prono-tal base finely bordered, sides with mod-erately wide and finely serrate border,reaching the distal corners; pronotumdensely punctate, with a fine pubes-cence, in the known species with atransverse impression in the basal third,almost reaching the pronotal sides; anterior margin of proepisterna nearly

* This research received support from the SYN-THESYS Project http://www.synthesys.info/which is financed by European CommunityResearch Infrastructure Action under the FP6„Structuring the European Research Area“ Pro-gramme.

cal, sclerotized. A relatively long andthin spiculum gastrale is present.

Distribution. Eastern South Africa.

Comparative notes. The sulcus on thepygidium (Figs 3, 7, 11) is in relation topresence of an internal raised carina alongthe elytral suture, on its distal part (Figs4, 12), maintaining the elytral coapta-tion. In Odontiomorpha this carina is con-nected to a similar structure along thedistal part of the elytral external border,in the inner side (Figs 4, 12), which ulte-riorly limits the abdominal movementsgiving a better fastening of the set. Theapomorphic presence of a sulcus on thepygidium developed independently indifferent Eumolpinae groups; it charac-terizes some genera at present ranged indifferent “sections” of Eumolpinae, asbriefly discussed by Medvedev (2005).In the Afrotropical the character was re-ported only for Odontiomorpha andPlatycorynus; in the latter the inner cari-na along the lateral elytral border is to-tally missing, while the one along the su-ture is stronger (Fig. 14); it correspondsto a more complex median sulcus of thepygidium (Fig. 13), showing a substan-tial different organization in these gen-era; hence the inclusion of Odontiomor-pha in a group close to Patycorynus asdone in the past (Selman 1965, 1972)has no support, stating that no othersynapomorphies can be found to supportthis theory.

The position of Odontiomorpha nearOdontionopa has to be re-evaluated in re-lation to several synapomorphies: distalborder of proepisterna continuous withthe prosternal one, division between pro -episterna and prosternum well markedby a sulcus (deeper in Odontiomorpha)and by a different level of the two, wellseparated coxae, appendiculate claws,last joint of labial palps almost twice thepenultimate, elongated second anten-nomere (although clearly shorter thanthe third), clypeus continuous with frons,head without any sulcus along the innerborder of eyes, elytra irregularly punc-tured, abdomen dorsally poorly sclero-tized, aedeagus strongly bent dorso ven-trally with wide, rounded apex.

Odontionopa mainly differs from Odon-tiomorpha in body size (Odontionopa> 3.5 mm; Odontiomorpha < 3.0 mm) andhabitus, in meso- and metatibiae notemar ginated near apex, narrower pro -

sternum, dorsum glabrous, pygidiumwith out median sulcus.

Key to species

1 Head and pronotum with a very finepubescence; elytra almost bare, onlyat sides and on the apical slope thepunctures bearing very short hairs vis-ible at high enlargement; elytra wide(length/width ratio: 1.3), moderatelyimpressed on the basal third, withoutraised areas; profemora arched;aedeagus and spermatheca as in Figs15–19 . . . . O. minuta Jacoby, 1900

– Dorsum obviously pubescent . . . . . 2

2 Dorsum with relatively long goldenpubescence; elytra oblong (length/width ratio: 1.4), strongly impressedon the basal third and with a longitu-dinal, not punctured, shiny low carinaon the apical slope of each elytron;elytral sides almost straight from baseto midlength; protibiae longer, feeblybent, almost straigth near base;aedeagus and spermatheca as in Figs20–22 . . . . . . . . O. capensis sp.nov.

– Dorsum with shorter, bent, light pu-bescence; elytra wide (length/widthratio: 1.3), feebly impressed on thebasal third, the apical slope scattered-ly punctured throughout, withoutraised areas; elytral sides bent through -out, clearly widened from base to midlength; protibiae shorter, bentthrough out; spermatheca as in Fig. 23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O. cuprina sp.nov.

Odontiomorpha capensis sp. nov.

Holotype. `, “South Africa (Cape Prov.)Stormriver, Tsitsikamma-berge, 1.XII.1981, Klapperich leg. [white printed label]; Holotypus Odontiomorpha ca pen -sis n. sp., S. Zoia det. 2010 [red printedlabel]” (NHML).

Paratypes. 37 ex., South Africa (Cape Prov.)Stormriver, Tsitsikamma-berge, 1.XII.1981, Klap-perich leg. (31 ex. SZcoll; 3 ex. MDcoll; 3 ex.MSNM); 1 ex., South Africa, Cape Prov., 10 km NKnysna, 430 m, 6.II.1995, S. Zoia leg. (SZcoll);4 ex., South Africa, Western Cape, Swellendam,19.XI.2007, C. Giusto E. Colonnelli G. Osella(SZcoll); 3 ex., South Africa, Cape Prov., road Uni -ondale-Knysna, 6–15 km N Knysna, 170–300 m,2.XI.1993, P. A. Audisio leg. (SZcoll)

Derivatio nominis. The name refers tothe Cape Province, original land of thisspecies.

Description. Body length of the holoty-

pus 2.5 mm (length range of the exam-ined specimens 2.3–2.9 mm). Habitus asin Figs 1–2.

Coloration. Body pitch-black, withoutmetallic reflections; head, pronotum andelytra black with cupreous or bronzemetallic reflections; labrum, mandiblesand legs reddish, palpi yellowish; first tofifth antennomere yellowish, sixth toeleventh more or less darkened, their baseusually yellowish.

Head. Frons moderately convex with athin longitudinal median sulcus; surfacefinely microreticulated, punctation hard-ly visible; clypeus almost impunctate,with a fine microreticulation; pubes-cence whitish to pale yellowish, fine, rel-atively long, bent, like the one on thepronotum. First antennomere twicelonger than wide, moderately bent, sec-ond nearly twice longer than wide, fee-bly bent on the outer side, third thinner,three times longer than wide, subequalto fourth, fifth a little shorter than thefourth and longer than the sixth, seventhto eleventh wider, nearly twice longerthan wide.

Thorax. Pronotum 1.5 to 1.6 times widerthan long, highly convex along the distalborder, less so at base, hence the lateralborders regularly inclined downwardsfrom the base to the distal corners; later-al borders moderately wide, finely ser-rate; surface with a transverse arcuateimpression in the basal third, almostreaching the pronotal sides; another lessevident impression near the pronotal dis-tal edge, more evident at sides (Fig. 1).Surface finely and densely punctate,shiny between the punctures, with sparseand moderately long pale yellowish pu-bescence. Scutellum oblong, pubescent.Elytra oblong (length/width at humerallevel = 1.4) with a strong impression onthe basal third at both sides of the discus;sides subparallel (males) or feebly widen -ed (females) from humera to the distalthird, then regularly curved to the apices,which form a right angle; humeri promi-nent, covering the elytral sides in dorsalview; punctation strong, close, irregular,partially confluent near the humera, withtraces of arrangement in rows near theelytral sides; surface between the punc-tures shiny, moderately convex on thediscus; a longitudinal, not punctured,shiny low carina is present on the apicalslope of each elytron in both sexes. Sur-face pubescent, each puncture with a yel-

Entomologische Zeitschrift · Stuttgart · 121 (1) 2011

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Figs 1–7. New species of Odontiomorpha. – 1–4. Odontiomorpha capensis sp. nov. 1. Holotypus, dorsal view. 2. Holotypus, lateral view. 3. Pygidium(paratype). 4. Elytral apex, inner view (paratype). – 5–7. Odontiomorpha cuprina sp. nov. 5. Holotypus, dorsal view. 6. Holotypus, lateral view. 7. Holo -typus, pygidium.

lowish, relatively long, adpressed hair.Epipleura not clearly widened proximal-ly, nearly of the same width from thebase to the end of the second abdominalsternite, then gradually restricted to theelytral apex.

Abdomen. Pygidium without a distinctdistal raised area, the sulcus extending toover the mid-length of the pygidium (Fig.3). Aedeagus as in Figs 20, 21, stronglybent distally. Spermatheca (Fig. 22) withductus relatively long and in a large partnarrowly spiralled; spermathecal glandlonger than the spermathecal body.

Diagnosis. Dorsum with relatively longgolden pubescence; elytra oblong (length/width ratio: 1.4), strongly impressed onthe basal third and with a longitudinal,not punctured, shiny low carina on theapical slope of each elytron; elytral sidesalmost straight from base to midlength;protibiae relatively long, feebly bent, al-most straigth near base; aedeagus andsperma theca as in Figs 20–22.

Odontiomorpha cuprina sp. nov.

Holotype. ´, “South Africa: W Cape,Robinson Pass - m 850, 33.52.40S 22.01.85E, 6.V.2005 - E. Colonnelli [whiteprinted label]; Holotypus Odontiomorphacuprina n. sp., S. Zoia det. 2010 [redprinted label]” (NHML).

Derivatio nominis. The name refers tothe metallic color of the dorsum in thisspecies.

Description. Body length of the holotypus2.5 mm. Habitus as in Figs 5, 6.

Coloration. Body pitch-black, withoutmetallic reflections; head, pronotum andelytra metallic cupreous; labrum, man -dibles, palpi and legs reddish, tarsi red-dish, the last joint and claws in large partblack; first to fifth antennomere yellow-ish, sixth to eleventh darkened.

Head. Frons moderately convex with athin longitudinal median impression;surface punctate and finely microreticu-lated; clypeus punctate, shiny; pubes-cence silvery, fine, bent, like the one onthe pronotum. First antennomere 1.2times longer than wide, second nearlytwice longer than wide, feebly bent onthe outer side, third thinner, more thanthree times longer than wide, subequalto fourth, fifth so long as and a little

wider than the fourth, sixth shorter, sev-enth to tenth wider, nearly 1.5 timeslonger than wide, eleventh about twiceas long as wide.

Thorax. Pronotum 1.6 times wider thanlong, highly convex along the distal bor-der, less so at base, hence the lateral bor-ders regularly inclined downwards fromthe base to the distal corners; lateral bor-ders moderately wide, finely serrate; sur-face with a superficial transverse arcuateimpression in the basal third, not reach-ing the pronotal sides (Fig. 5). Surfacedensely punctate, shiny between thepunctures, with moderately long silverypubescence. Scutellum oblong, denselypubescent. Elytra oblong (length/widthat humeral level = 1.4) with feeble im-pression on the basal third at both sidesof the discus; sides bent, clearly widenedfrom humera to midlength, then regular-ly curved to the apices, which form anangle less than 90°; humeri prominent,covering the elytral sides in dorsal view;punctation strong, close, irregular; sur-face between the punctures shiny, mod-erately convex; the surface on the apicalslope has a few short not puncturedstripes. Surface pubescent, each punc-ture with a silvery, moderately long, benthair. Epipleura moderately widenedproximally, gradually restricted to rear,evanesced before the elytral apex.

Abdomen. Pygidium with a distinct shinydistal area, the median sulcus evanescingat midlength of the pygidium (Fig. 7).Spermatheca (Fig. 23) with ductus rela-tively long and in a large part spiralled;spermathecal gland longer than the sper-mathecal body.

Male. Unknown.

Diagnosis. Dorsum with shorter, bent,light pubescence; elytra wide (length/width ratio: 1.3), feebly impressed onthe basal third, the apical slope scat-teredly punctured throughout, withoutraised areas; elytral sides bent through-out, clearly widened from base to mid -length; protibiae bent throughout; sper-matheca as in Fig. 23.

Odontiomorpha minutaJacoby, 1900

Odontiomorpha minuta Jacoby, 1900:239, pl. XX fig. 6;Odontiomorpha minuta, Clavareau,1914: 65.

Holotype. “Type H.T. [white printedround label with red border]; Malvern,Natal 8.97, 8532 [handwritten white label]; Jacoby Coll. 1909-28a [printedwhite label]; Odontiomorpha minutaJac. [blue handwritten label]” (NHML).

Other examined material. 1 ̀ , Malvern, Natal,viii.1897, 8533 (same as in Holotype); Odon-tiomorpha minuta Jac. [hand written blue label,same as in holotype]; Natal, Malvern, viii.1897, SirG.A.K. Marshall (NHML; this is a type speci-men from Jacoby’s collection); 1 ex., MalvernNatal 15.8.92[?], Jacoby 2nd Coll.; minuta Jac.;Type 9732 (images on: http://insects.oeb.harvard.edu/MCZ/FMPro?-DB=Image.fm&-Lay=web&Format=images.htm&Species_ID=9889&-Find)(MCZH); 1 ex., Malvern, N[atal], 8-1900 (NHML);Malvern Natal (MDcoll); 10 ex., South Africa,Na tal, Weza, Ngele Forest, m 1200–1550, 30°31’ S, 29°48’E, indig. forest, 7/8.XII.1995, A. DeBiase leg. (7 ex. SZcoll; 3 ex. MSNM); 8 ex., idem,M. Biondi leg. (SZcoll); 2 ex., idem, P. Audisioleg. (SZcoll); 1 ex., South Africa, Natal, Weza,Lorna Doone Forest, m 1100, 30°33’S, 29°43’Eindig. forest, 6.XII. 1995 A. De Biase leg. (SZ-coll); 1 ex., idem, P. Audisio leg. (SZcoll).

Redescription. Body length of the holoty-pus 1.8 mm (length range of the exam-ined specimens: 1.8–2.7 mm, see notebelow). Habitus as in Figs 8, 9 (holoty-pus) and 10.

Coloration. Body pitch-black, withoutmetallic reflections; head, pronotum andelytra metallic, dark greenish to darkcupreous, usually with greenish to bluishreflections; mouth parts and legs yellowor reddish; first to fifth antennomere yel-lowish to reddish, sixth at least partiallydarkened, seventh to eleventh more orless darkened.

Head. Frons moderately convex, with athin longitudinal median sulcus, some-times evanescing; surface with fine punc-tation and microreticulation; clypeuswith fine punctation, sometimes almostsmooth; pubescence white, fine, bent. Firstantennomere twice longer than wide,feebly bent, second 1.5 times longer thanwide, third longer and thinner than thesecond, subequal to fourth and fifth,sixth shorter than the fifth, seventh totenth wider, 1.3 times longer than wide,eleventh 1.7 times longer than wide.

Thorax. Pronotum 1.6/1.8 times widerthan long, highly convex along the distalborder, less so at base, hence the lateralborders regularly inclined downwardsfrom the base to the distal corners; later-al borders entire, finely serrate; surfacewith a transverse arcuate impression in


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Figs 8–12. Odontiomorpha minuta Jacoby, 1900. 8. Holotypus, dorsal view. 9. Holotypus, lateral view. 10. Specimen from Weza, Ngele Forest, dorsalview. 11. Pygidium (Weza, Ngele Forest). 12. Elytral apex, inner view (Weza, Ngele Forest). – Figs 13, 14. Platycorynus dejeani Bertoloni, 1849 (Kenya,Malindi). 13. Pygidium. 14. Elytral apex, inner view.

the basal third, almost reaching the pro -notal sides, evanescing or not in the mid-dle; another more superficial transversalimpression is present near the pronotaldistal edge, sometimes interrupted in themiddle but always evident at sides (Figs8, 10). Surface finely and densely punc-tate, with fine microreticulation and whitefine pubescence. Scutellum oblong, shin-ing, glabrous or with few and very smallhairs. Elytra oblong (length/width athumeral level = 1.3) with an impression

on the basal third at both sides of the dis-cus; punctures inside these impressionsare usually partially confluent; sidesbent, more or less widened from the baseto mid-length, then regularly curved tothe apices which form a right angle;humeri prominent; punctation strong,close, irregular, with traces of arrange-ment in rows at elytral sides; surface be-tween the punctures feebly convex onthe discus, more convex at sides and onthe apical slope; in females the interstri-

ae at side of each elytron form low longi-tudinal costae. Surface apparently glab -rous, very small setae can be seen atgreat enlargement inside the punctures,at least on the apical slope of the elytra.Epipleura wide at base, gradually taper-ing from base to rear, evaneshing nearthe elytral apices.

Abdomen. Sulcus of the pygidium veryshort, limited to the distal, more sclero-tized, raised area of the pygidium,evaneshing or totally absent proximally(Fig. 11). Aedeagus as in Figs 17, 18(specimen of small size from the type lo-cality), and 15, 16 (specimen of biggersize), strongly bent near the base. Sper-matheca (Fig. 19) with ductus relativelylong; spermathecal gland longer than thespermathecal body.

Note. In the examined material there isan evident gap in body size betweensmaller specimens (1.8–1.9 mm in length)and bigger ones (2.1–2.7 mm in length)with no intermediates. Type material in-cludes both forms: the holotypus is thesmallest specimen within the availablematerial, the type in MCZH collection isof big size instead. Despite this differ-ence, I found no other significant charac-ters to divide the two forms; I considerthem conspecific, although they are easyto divide at a first sight. Additionally, thesmaller specimens are brighter, with thedistal transversal impression on thepronotum which is evident only at sides,usually totally absent in the middle; nosubstantial differences are detected inthe aedeagal morphology (compare Figs15, 16 and 17, 18); spermatheca was notexamined in the smaller specimens.

Acknowledgements. Special thanks aredue to Sharon Shute (NHML) andPhilip D. Perkins (MCZH) for the loan ofthe type specimens and to Michele Zi -lioli (MSNM) who has produced theSEM pictures to illustrate some aspects ofOdontiomorpha and Platycorynus mor-phology.

ReferencesChapuis, F. 1874. Tome dixième. Famille des

Phy to phages. In. Lacordaire, T. & Chapuis F.(eds) Histoire naturelle des Insectes. Generades Coléoptères. I–IV, pp 455. Paris.

Clavareau, H. 1914. Chrysomelidae: 11. Eu -molp inae. In. Junk, W. & Schenkling, S. (eds)Coleopterorum Catalogus, pars 59, pp 215. W.Junk, Berlin.

Jacoby, M. 1900. On new Genera and Species of


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Figs 15–23. Genital structures. – 15–19. Odontiomorpha minuta Jacoby, 1900. 15. Aedeagus, dorsalview (Weza, Ngele Forest). 16. Aedeagus, lateral view. 17. Aedeagus, dorsal view (Malvern, Natal).18. Aedeagus, lateral view. 19. Spermatheca (Weza, Ngele Forest). – 20–22. Odontiomorpha capensissp. nov. 20. Aedeagus, dosal view (holotypus). 21. Aedeagus, lateral view. 22. Spermatheca (para -typus from Stormriver, Tsitsikamma-Berge). – 23. Odontiomorpha cuprina sp. nov., spermatheca(holotypus).

15

16 1718

19

21

22

23

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Phytophagous Coleoptera from South andCentral Africa. Proceedings of the ZoologicalSociety of London 1900: 203–266, 1 tab.

Lefévre, E. 1885. Eumolpidarum hucusque co-gnitarum catalogus, sectionum conspectu sys-tematico, generum sicut et specierum nonnul-larum novarium descriptionibus adjunctis.Mé moires de la Société royale des sciences deLiége, 2 série 11: 1–172.

Medvedev, L. N. 2005. A new genus and newspecies of Eumolpinae (Coleoptera, Chryso -mel idae) from Turkey. Entomologische Blätter100 (3): 191–196.

Selman, B. J. 1965. A revision of the Nodini anda key to the genera of Eumolpidae of Africa(Co leoptera: Eumolpidae). Bulletin of the Bri -tish Museum of Natural History (Ent.) 16 (3):141–174.

Selman, B. J. 1972. Eumolpinae (Coleoptera:Chry somelidae). Exploration Parc National dela Garamba. Mission H. de Saeger 55: 1–95.

● Stefano Zoia, via Ponte Nuovo 109/4, I-20128 Milano MI;E-Mail: [email protected]


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