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STARDOG_HOME user.dir

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> COPY /B stardog-license-key.bin %STARDOG_HOME%

> stardog-admin.bat server start

> stardog-admin.bat db create -n myDB data.ttl

> stardog.bat query myDB "SELECT DISTINCT ?s WHERE { ?s ?p ?o } LIMIT 10"


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WHERE

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INSERT { ?person foaf: givenName 'William' }

WHERE

{ ?person foaf: givenName 'Bill' }

$ stardog data add myDatabase 1.rdf 2.rdf 3.rdf

http://docs.stardog.com/man/data-add.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/data-add.html


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--named-graph -g

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$ stardog data remove myDatabase 1.rdf

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http://docs.stardog.com/man/data-remove.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/data-remove.html


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"2.5"^^xsd:int

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https://github.com/Complexible/stardog-examples/blob/master/examples/cli/versioning/README.mdhttps://github.com/Complexible/stardog-examples/blob/master/examples/cli/versioning/README.md


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data add data remove query

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"This is an example commit" myDb

$ stardog vcs commit --query update.sparql -m "This is another commit" myDb

$ stardog vcs list myDb

$ stardog vcs list --committer userName myDb

$ stardog vcs revert myDb

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TRIG

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$ stardog vcs diff myDb de44369d-cc7b-4244-a3fb-3f6e271420b0

$ stardog vcs tag --list myDb

$ stardog vcs query myDb 'SELECT...'

http://docs.stardog.com/man/data-export.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/data-export.html


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Sa-c#$)"

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$ stardog data export --named-graph http://example.org/context myDatabase

myDatabase_output.nt

$ stardog help query search

$ stardog query search -q "html" -l 10 catalog

Index Score Hit

====================

0 6.422 urn:x-domain:oreilly.com:product:9780596527402.IP1 6.422 urn:x-domain:oreilly.com:product:9780596003166.IP

2 6.422 urn:x-domain:oreilly.com:product:9781565924949.IP





http://docs.stardog.com/man/query-search.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/query-search.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/query-search.html


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G-a+# Sa-c#

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$ stardog data obfuscate --config obfConfig.ttl myDatabase obfDatabase.ttl

https://github.com/Complexible/stardog-examples/blob/master/config/obfuscation.ttl:https://github.com/Complexible/stardog-examples/blob/master/config/obfuscation.ttl:


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B-*2.$)"

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obfQuery.ttl

http://foo:5820/http://stardog.com/http://stardog.com/http://foo:5820/


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http://api.stardog.com/

:Alice a :Person ;

:knows :Bob .

$ stardog-admin db create -n mydb data.ttl

$ stardog query mydb "SELECT * { ?person a :Person }"

+--------+

| person |

+--------+| :Alice |

+--------+

Query returned 1 results inin 00: 00: 00.111

$ stardog data export mydb

@prefix : .

@prefix owl: .

@prefix rdf: .

http://api.stardog.com/http://api.stardog.com/


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http://docs.stardog.com/man/query-status.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/query-list.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/query-kill.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/metadata-set.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/metadata-get.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/license-info.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/icv-remove.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/icv-drop.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/icv-add.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/db-status.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/db-restore.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/db-repair.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/db-optimize.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/db-online.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/db-online.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/db-offline.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/db-migrate.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/db-list.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/db-drop.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/db-create.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/db-copy.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/db-backup.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/cluster-zkstop.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/cluster-zkstart.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/cluster-proxystop.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/cluster-proxystart.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/cluster-info.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/cluster-generate.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/vcs-tag.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/vcs-revert.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/vcs-query.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/vcs-list.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/vcs-diff.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/vcs-commit.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/reasoning-undo.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/reasoning-schema.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/reasoning-explain.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/reasoning-consistency.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/query-search.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/query-obfuscate.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/query-explain.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/query-execute.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/namespace-remove.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/namespace-list.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/namespace-import.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/namespace-add.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/icv-validate.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/icv-fix.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/icv-export.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/icv-explain.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/icv-convert.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/data-size.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/data-remove.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/data-obfuscate.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/data-export.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/data-add.html


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role add role grant role list role permission role remove role revoke

server start server status server stop

user add user addrole user disable user enable user grant user list

user passwd user permission user remove user removerole user revoke

virtual add virtual import virtual list virtual mappings virtual

options virtual remove

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$ cp docs/man/man8/* /usr/local/share/man8$ mandb

$ man stardog-admin-server-start

http://docs.stardog.com/man/role-add.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/role-grant.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/role-list.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/role-permission.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/role-remove.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/role-revoke.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/server-start.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/server-status.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/server-stop.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-add.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-addrole.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-disable.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-enable.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-grant.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-list.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-passwd.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-permission.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-remove.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-removerole.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-revoke.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/virtual-add.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/virtual-import.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/virtual-list.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/virtual-mappings.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/virtual-options.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/virtual-options.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/virtual-remove.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/virtual-remove.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/virtual-options.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/virtual-options.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/virtual-mappings.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/virtual-list.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/virtual-import.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/virtual-add.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-revoke.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-removerole.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-remove.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-permission.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-passwd.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-list.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-grant.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-enable.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-disable.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-addrole.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/user-add.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/server-stop.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/server-status.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/server-start.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/role-revoke.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/role-remove.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/role-permission.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/role-list.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/role-grant.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/role-add.html


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H'+

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$ stardog

$ stardog-admin


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C*((a)d G-*0+.

(a) +a".

$ stardog help [command_group_name]

usage: stardog [ ]

The most commonly used stardog commands are:

data Commands which can modify or dump the contents of a database

helphelp Display helphelp information

icv Commands forfor working with with Stardog Integrity Constraint Constraint support

namespace Commands which work work with with the namespaces defined forfor a database database

queryquery Commands which queryquery a Stardog database database


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stardog-admin

A0/*c*(+'/

bash

H*(b-2

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reasoning Commands which useuse the reasoning capabilities of of a Stardog database database

version version Prints information about this version version of of Stardog

See 'stardog help' forfor more information on on a specific command.

$ stardog help query execute

$ stardog reasoning consistency -u myUsername -p myPassword -r myDB

$ stardog-admin db migrate -u myUsername -p myPassword myDb

$ brew install bash-completion

ifif [ -f `brew --prefix`/etc/bash_completion ]; thenthen

. `brew --prefix`/etc/bash_completion

fifi


34/263

MacP*-/.

.bash\_profile

Ub0)/0

Fd*-a

A'' P'a/!*-(.

stardog-completion.sh

bash\_completion.d /etc/bash_completion.d, /usr/local/

etc/bash_completion.d or ~/bash_completion.d.

.bash_profile

$ sudo port install bash-completion

ifif [ -f /opt/local/etc/bash_completion ]; thenthen

. /opt/local/etc/bash_completion

fifi

$ sudo apt-get install bash-completion

$ sudo yum install bash-completion

source ~/.stardog-completion.sh


35/263


36/263

E3a(+' C*))c/$*)S/-$)".

connectionOptions ; =

S-1-Ad($)

U+"-ad$)"S/a-d*"S-1-

Q0$c& S/a-/ G0$d

STARDOG_HOME

STARDOG_HOME;:

STARDOG_HOME

{scheme}{machineName}:{port}/{databaseName};{connectionOptions}

snarl://server/billion-triples-punk

http://localhost:5000/myDatabase

http://169.175.100.5:1111/myOtherDatabase;reasoning=true

snarl://stardog:8888/the_database snarl://localhost:1024/db1;reasoning=true


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--home

HTTP7 SNARL S-1- U)$!$ca/$*)

--server

stardog-admin

--server -n

S-1- Sc0-$/4

Sc0-$/4

C*)!$"0-$)"S/a-d*" S-1-

Da/aba. Ad($)

stardog.home

STARDOG_HOME

stardog.properties

STARDOG_HOME


38/263

C*)!$"0-$)"T(+*-a-4 Sc-a/c# S+ac

java.io.tmpdir

java.io.tmpdir

java.io.tmpdir

STARDOG_HOME;;

S/a-d*"C*)!$"0-a/$*)

stardog.properties

;<

query.all.graphs true

false

query.timeout

Ma)a"$)" Q0-$.

logging.[access,audit].[enabled,type,file]

logging.slow_query.enabled logging.slow_query.time

logging.slow_query.type

enabled true

time

type text binary

logging.slow_query.time query.timeout

http.max.request.parameters

Integer.MAX_VALUE

http.max.request.parameters


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database.connection.timeout

h m s ms

1h 5m 90s

500ms 1h

password.length.min

password.length.min

password.length.max 4

password.length.max

1024

password.regex

[\\w@#$%]+

security.named.graphs false

spatial.use.jts false

S/a-/$)"7 S/*++$)" /#S-1-

stardog-admin

stardog.log

$ stardog-admin server start

$ stardog-admin server start --logfile mystardog.log --port= 8080


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--port

--no-http --no-snarl

--server

0.0.0.0

--bind server start

S-1- M*)$/*-$)"2$/#Wa/c#d*"7 JMX

Acc..$)"Wa/c#d*"

GET /watchdog

C*)!$"0-$)"Wa/c#d*"

5833

watchdog.port stardog.properties

watchdog.remote.access false stardog.properties

watchdog.enabled false stardog.properties

$ stardog-admin server stop


41/263

L*c&$)" S/a-d*"H*(

STARDOG_HOME

STARDOG_HOME

STARDOG_HOME

--home

Acc.. 7 A0d$/ L*""$)"

stardog.properties #//+."$/#0bc*(C*(+'3$b'./a-d*"3a(+'.b'*b(a./-

c*)!$"./a-d*"+-*+-/$.

Ja1a P-*"-a(($)"

Ma)a"$)" Q0-$.

Da/aba. Ad($)

C*)!$"0-$)"a Da/aba.

https://github.com/Complexible/stardog-examples/blob/master/config/stardog.propertieshttps://github.com/Complexible/stardog-examples/blob/master/config/stardog.propertieshttps://github.com/Complexible/stardog-examples/blob/master/config/stardog.propertieshttps://github.com/Complexible/stardog-examples/blob/master/config/stardog.properties


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metadata-get metadata-set Ma)

Pa".

C*)!$"0-a/$*)O+/$*).

*3 Table of Config$!a#ion Op#ion"

preserve.bnode.idspreserve.bnode.ids true Da/aba.O+/$*).PRESERVE

FALSE

database.archetypes database.archetypes Da/aba.O+/$*).ARCHETYP

database.name database.name Da/aba.O+/$*).NAME

[A-Za-z]{1}[A-Za-z

database.namespaces database.namespaces rdf,

rdfs,

xsd, owl,

stardog

Da/aba.O+/$*).NAMESPA

database.online database.online true Da/aba.O+/$*).ONLINE

http://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#PRESERVE_BNODE_IDShttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#ARCHETYPEShttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#NAMEhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#NAMESPACEShttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#ONLINEhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#ONLINEhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#NAMESPACEShttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#NAMEhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#ARCHETYPEShttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#PRESERVE_BNODE_IDS


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icv.active.graphsicv.active.graphs default ICVO+/$*).ICVACTIVEGRA

icv.active.graphs

icv.consistency.automaticicv.consistency.automatic false ICVO+/$*).ICVCONSISTEN

icv.enabledicv.enabled false ICVO+/$*).ICVENABLED

icv.reasoning.enabledicv.reasoning.enabled false ICVO+/$*).ICVREASONING

index.connection.timeoutindex.connection.timeout 3,600,000 I)d3O+/$*).INDEXCONNE

index.differential.enable.limitindex.differential.enable.limit 500,000 I)d3O+/$*).DIFFINDEXM

index.differential.merge.limitindex.differential.merge.limit 20,000 I)d3O+/$*).DIFFINDEXM

index.literals.canonicalindex.literals.canonical true I)d3O+/$*).CANONICALL

http://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/icv/ICVOptions.html#ICV_ACTIVE_GRAPHShttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/icv/ICVOptions.html#ICV_CONSISTENCY_AUTOMATIChttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/icv/ICVOptions.html#ICV_ENABLEDhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/icv/ICVOptions.html#ICV_REASONING_ENABLEDhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/index/IndexOptions.html#INDEX_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT_MShttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/index/IndexOptions.html#DIFF_INDEX_MIN_LIMIThttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/index/IndexOptions.html#DIFF_INDEX_MAX_LIMIThttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/index/IndexOptions.html#CANONICAL_LITERALShttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/index/IndexOptions.html#CANONICAL_LITERALShttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/index/IndexOptions.html#DIFF_INDEX_MAX_LIMIThttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/index/IndexOptions.html#DIFF_INDEX_MIN_LIMIThttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/index/IndexOptions.html#INDEX_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT_MShttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/icv/ICVOptions.html#ICV_REASONING_ENABLEDhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/icv/ICVOptions.html#ICV_ENABLEDhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/icv/ICVOptions.html#ICV_CONSISTENCY_AUTOMATIChttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/icv/ICVOptions.html#ICV_ACTIVE_GRAPHS


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index.named.graphsindex.named.graphs true I)d3O+/$*).INDEXNAMED

index.persistindex.persist false I)d3O+/$*).PERSIST

index.persist.syncindex.persist.sync true I)d3O+/$*).SYNC

index.statistics.update.automaticindex.statistics.update.automatic true I)d3O+/$*).AUTOSTATS

index.typeindex.type disk I)d3O+/$*).INDEXTYPE

index.type

query.timeoutquery.timeout Da/aba.O+/$*).QUERYTI

reasoning.consistency.automaticreasoning.consistency.automatic false Ra.*)$)"O+/$*).CONSIST

reasoning.punning.enabledreasoning.punning.enabled false Ra.*)$)"O+/$*).PUNNING

reasoning.schema.graphsreasoning.schema.graphs * Ra.*)$)"O+/$*).SCHEMA

http://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/index/IndexOptions.html#INDEX_NAMED_GRAPHShttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/index/IndexOptions.html#PERSISThttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/index/IndexOptions.html#SYNChttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/index/IndexOptions.html#AUTO_STATS_UPDATEhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/index/IndexOptions.html#INDEX_TYPEhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#QUERY_TIMEOUThttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/reasoning/ReasoningOptions.html#CONSISTENCY_AUTOMATIChttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/reasoning/ReasoningOptions.html#PUNNING_ENABLEDhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/reasoning/ReasoningOptions.html#SCHEMA_GRAPHShttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/reasoning/ReasoningOptions.html#SCHEMA_GRAPHShttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/reasoning/ReasoningOptions.html#PUNNING_ENABLEDhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/reasoning/ReasoningOptions.html#CONSISTENCY_AUTOMATIChttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#QUERY_TIMEOUThttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/index/IndexOptions.html#INDEX_TYPEhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/index/IndexOptions.html#AUTO_STATS_UPDATEhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/index/IndexOptions.html#SYNChttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/index/IndexOptions.html#PERSISThttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/index/IndexOptions.html#INDEX_NAMED_GRAPHS


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tag:stardog:ap

tag:stardog:api:context:all

default *

reasoning.typereasoning.type SL

SL RL QL EL DL R

reasoning.approximatereasoning.approximate false Ra.*)$)"O+/$*).APPROXI

search.enabled search.enabled false Sa-c#O+/$*).SEARCHABLE

strict.parsing strict.parsing true Da/aba.O+/$*).STRICTPA

true false

search.reindex.mode search.reindex.mode async

search.reindex.mode

Q0a-/5 c-*) 3+-..$*)

search.wildcard.search.enabled search.wildcard.search.enabled false Sa-c#O+/$*).LEADINGWI

search.default.limit search.default.limit 10 Sa-c#O+/$*).SEARCHDEF

http://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/reasoning/ReasoningOptions.html#SCHEMA_GRAPHShttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/search/SearchOptions.html#SEARCHABLEhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#STRICT_PARSINGhttp://www.quartz-scheduler.org/documentation/quartz-2.1.x/tutorials/crontriggerhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/search/SearchOptions.html#LEADING_WILDCARD_SEARCH_ENABLEDhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/search/SearchOptions.html#SEARCH_DEFAULT_LIMIThttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/search/SearchOptions.html#SEARCH_DEFAULT_LIMIThttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/search/SearchOptions.html#LEADING_WILDCARD_SEARCH_ENABLEDhttp://www.quartz-scheduler.org/documentation/quartz-2.1.x/tutorials/crontriggerhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#STRICT_PARSINGhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/search/SearchOptions.html#SEARCHABLEhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/reasoning/ReasoningOptions.html#SCHEMA_GRAPHS


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transaction.isolationtransaction.isolation SNAPSHOT Da/aba.O+/$*).TRANSACT

transaction.loggingtransaction.logging false Da/aba.O+/$*).TRANSACT

transaction.logging.rotation.sizetransaction.logging.rotation.size 524288000 Da/aba.O+/$*).TRANSACT

transaction.logging true

transaction.logging.rotation.removetransaction.logging.rotation.remove true Da/aba.O+/$*).TRANSACT

transaction.logging true

query.all.graphsquery.all.graphs false Da/aba.O+/$*).QUERYAL

true

false

spatial.enabled spatial.enabled false G*.+a/$a'O+/$*).SPATIAL

spatial.precision spatial.precision 11 G*.+a/$a'O+/$*).SPATIAL

A N*/ Ab*0/ Da/aba.S/a/0.

offline

http://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#TRANSACTION_ISOLATIONhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#TRANSACTION_LOGGINGhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#TRANSACTION_LOGGINGhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#TRANSACTION_LOGGINGhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#QUERY_ALL_GRAPHShttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/spatial/GeospatialOptions.html#SPATIAL_ENABLEDhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/spatial/GeospatialOptions.html#SPATIAL_PRECISIONhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/spatial/GeospatialOptions.html#SPATIAL_PRECISIONhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/spatial/GeospatialOptions.html#SPATIAL_ENABLEDhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#QUERY_ALL_GRAPHShttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#TRANSACTION_LOGGINGhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#TRANSACTION_LOGGINGhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#TRANSACTION_LOGGINGhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/db/DatabaseOptions.html#TRANSACTION_ISOLATION


47/263

Ma)a"$)"Da/aba.S/a/0.

O)'$)a)dO6'$)

stardog-admin help db

E3a(+'.

C-a/$)" a Da/aba.

[A-Za-z]{1}[A-Za-z0-9_-]

$ stardog-admin db offline myDatabase

$ stardog-admin db online myDatabase


48/263

system admin watchdog docs

stardog-admin help db create

Da/aba.A-c#/4+.

PROV SKOS

SKOSA-c#/4+

http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-overview/http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-overview/


49/263

PROVA-c#/4+

U.-d!$)dA-c#/4+.

S/a-d*" E3a(+'. -+*.$/*-4

Da/aba.C-a/$*)T(+'a/.

E3a(+'.

database.name

$ stardog-admin db create -n myDb input.ttl another_file.rdf moredata.rdf.gz

$ stardog-admin db create -c database.properties

https://github.com/Complexible/stardog-examples/blob/master/examples/foaf/readme.mdhttps://github.com/Complexible/stardog-examples/blob/master/examples/foaf/readme.md


50/263

db create

Da/aba.C-a/O+/$*).

+3 Table of Op#ion" fo! S#a!dog5" create command

--name -n

--copy-server-

side

false

--type -t M D

--index-triples-

only -i

false

$ stardog-admin db create -n db -o icv.enabled=true icv.reasoning.enabled=true --

input.ttl


51/263

R+a$-$)"a Da/aba.

system

Bac&$)" U+a)d R./*-$)"

export

stardog-admin db backup stardog-admin db restore

$ stardog-admin db repair myDB

$ stardog-admin db repair system


52/263

backup restore

Bac&0+

stardog-admin db backup

$STARDOG_HOME/.backup -t --to

foobar

R./*-

$ stardog-admin db backup foobar

$ stardog-admin db backup --to /my/network/share/stardog-backups foobar

$ stardog-admin db restore $STARDOG_HOME/.backups/myDb/2012- 06-21

http://docs.stardog.com/man/db-backup.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/db-restore.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/db-restore.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/man/db-backup.html


53/263

O)/$( Da/aba.M$"-a/$*). !*-Bac&0+

foobar

Na(.+acP-!$3 B$)d$)".

PREFIX

PREFIX

namespace

$ stardog-admin db migrate foobar

$ stardog query myDB "select * {?s rdf:type owl:Class}"

$ stardog namespace add myDb --prefix ex --uri 'http://example.org/test#'

$ stardog namespace remove myDb --prefix ex

$ stardog namespace list myDB


54/263

RDF, RDFS, XSD OWL

SELECT

CONSTRUCT

I)d3S/-a/"$.

FROM FROM NAMED

index.named.graphs

false -i --index-

triples-only

D$6-)/$a' I)d3.


55/263

index.differential.merge.limit

index.differential.enable.limit



L*ad$)"C*(+-..dDa/a

;=

GZIP a)dBZIP9

create .gz .bz2

test.ttl.gz


56/263

ZIP

.zip

D-*++$)"a Da/aba.

drop

U.$)" I)/"-$/4C*)./-a$)/Va'$da/$*)

Va'$da/$)"

C*)./-a$)/.

icv

icv

stardog help icv stardog-admin help icv

M$"-a/$)" a Da/aba.

migrate

migrate

$ stardog-admin db drop my_db


57/263

myDatabase

G//$)" Da/aba. I)!*-(a/$*)

Ma)a"$)"Q0-$.

C*)!$"0-$)"Q0-4Ma)a"()/

query.timeout

query.timeout

0

$ stardog-admin db migrate myDatabase

$ stardog-admin metadata get my_db_name

$ stardog-admin metadata get -o index.named.graphs my_db_name


58/263

L$./$)" Q0-$.

query list

D'/$)"Q0-$.

query kill

A0/*(a/$ca''4K$''$)"Q0-$.

$ stardog-admin query list

+----+----------+-------+--------------+

| ID | Database | User | Elapsed time |

+----+----------+-------+--------------+

| 2 | test | admin | 00: 00:20.165 |

| 3 | test | admin | 00: 00:16.223 |

| 4 | test | admin | 00: 00: 08.769 |

+----+----------+-------+--------------+

3 queries running

$ stardog-admin query kill 3

Query 3 killed successfully


59/263

query.timeout

;>

query.timeout

query.timeout 0

query.timeout

query.timeout

Q0-4S/a/0.

query status

S'*2 Q0-4 L*""$)"

$ stardog-admin query status 1

Username: admin

Database: test

Started : 2013- 02- 06 09:10:45 AM

Elapsed : 00: 01:19.187

Query :

select ?x ?p ?o1 ?y ?o2

where {

?x ?p ?o1.

?y ?p ?o2.

filter (?o1 > ?o2).

}

order by ?o1

limit 5


60/263

C*)!$"0-$)" S/a-d*" S-1-

P-*/*c*'.a)dJa1a API

S/a-d*". A+$a-4

Ja1ad*c.

Sc0-$/4a)dQ0-4 Ma)a"()/

Ma)a"$)"Sa-c#

U.$)" S/a-d*"

search.enabled

sync

async

c-*) 3+-..$*)

search.reindex.mode

sync async sync

search.reindex.mode

$ stardog-admin db create -o search.enabled=true -n myDb

http://docs.stardog.apiary.io/http://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/documentation/quartz-2.1.x/tutorials/crontriggerhttp://www.quartz-scheduler.org/documentation/quartz-2.1.x/tutorials/crontriggerhttp://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/http://docs.stardog.apiary.io/


61/263

ACID T-a).ac/$*).

;?

A/*($c$/4

;@

C*).$./)c4

Va'$da/$)" C*)./-a$)/.

I.*'a/$*)

READ COMMITTED

READ COMMITTED SNAPSHOT SERIALIZABLE

transaction.isolation

READ COMMITTED READ COMMITTED SNAPSHOT

:x :val 1

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isolation_(database_systems)#Read_committedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isolation_(database_systems)#Read_committed


62/263

,3 Table of #he di(e!ence be#&een RCI and RCSI

0 SELECT ?val {?x

:val ?val}

1

SELECT ?val {?x

:val ?val}

1

SELECT ?val {?x

:val ?val}

1

1 BEGINBEGIN TXTX

2 INSERT {:x :value

2}

DELETE {:x :value

?old}

3 SELECT ?val {?x

:val ?val}

2

SELECT ?val {?x

:val ?val}

1

SELECT ?val {?x

:val ?val}

1

4 BEGINBEGIN TXTX

5 COMMIT COMMIT

6 SELECT ?val {?x

:val ?val}

2

SELECT ?val {?x

:val ?val}

2

SELECT ?val {?x

:val ?val}

1

8 INSERT {:x :value

3}

DELETE {:x :value

?old}

9 COMMIT COMMIT


63/263

10 SELECT ?val {?x

:val ?val}

3

SELECT ?val {?x

:val ?val}

3

SELECT ?val {?x

:val ?val}

3

READ

COMMITTED SNAPSHOT

READ COMMITTED

SNAPSHOT :counter :val 1

1 2

3

SERIALIZABLE SERIALIZABLE

D0-ab$'$/4

C*(($/Fa$'0- A0/*-c*1-4

INSERT { :counter :val ?newValue }DELETE { :counter :val ?oldValue }

WHERE { :counter :val ?oldValue

BIND (?oldValue+1 AS ?newValue) }


64/263

;

stardog-admin db online

O+/$($5$)"B0'&Da/a L*ad$)"

c*(+-..d da/a

C*)!$"0-$)" a Da/aba.

/-$+'. *)'4 $)d3$)"


65/263

Ca+ac$/4P'a))$)"

;

M(*-4 0.a"

;

-3 Table of Memo!' U"age fo! Capaci#' Planning


66/263

STARDOG_JAVA_ARGS

"-Xms4g -Xmx4g -XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=8g"

-Xms

-Xmx

S4./(M(*-4 a)d JVM M(*-4

MaxDirectMemorySize

D$.&0.a"

.3 Table of T'pical Di"k Space Re$i!emen#"


67/263

/-$+'.*)'4 $)d3$)"

U.$)" S/a-d*" *)W$)d*2.

.bat

server start

server stop

.bat STARDOG_HOME STARDOG_JAVA_ARGS


68/263

JAVA_HOME

java

R0))$)"S/a-d*" a.a W$)d*2.S-1$c

I)./a''$)" /#S-1$c

C*)!$"0-$)"/#S-1$c

STARDOG_HOME

STARDOG_MEMORY STARDOG_MEMORY

STARDOG_HOME STARDOG_HOME STARDOG_HOME

STARDOG_SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME

STARDOG_SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME

STARDOG_LOG_PATH

STARDOG_LOG_PATH

cd c:\stardog-$VERSION


69/263

stop-

service.bat -u -p

stardog-admin server stop

I)./a''$)"S/a-d*"a.a S-1$c

install-service.bat

services.msc

S/a-/$)">S/*++$)">7 C#a)"$)"S-1$c C*)!$"0-a/$*)

stardog-serverw.exe

U)$)./a''$)" /#S/a-d*"S-1$c

uninstall-service.bat

Sc0-$/4

A+ac# S#$-*

%BC-4+/

http://shiro.apache.org/http://www.mindrot.org/projects/jBCrypt/http://www.mindrot.org/projects/jBCrypt/http://shiro.apache.org/


70/263

R.*0-c.

type_prefix:name

/3 Table of S'"#em Re"o$!ce"

user user:admin

role

role:reader

db db:myDB

named-graph

named-

graph:myDb\named-graph-

id

metadata

metadata:myDB

admin

admin:myDB

icv-constraints

icv-

constraints:myDB


71/263

P-($..$*).

user role

write

INSERT DELETE

create delete

read

write

create

delete

grant

revoke


72/263

execute

all

W$'dca-d.

*

create

db:*

S0+-0.-.

all *:*

Da/aba.O2)-D!a0'/ P-($..$*).

delete write read grant

revoke

write read grant revoke icv-

constraints:theDatabase execute admin:theDatabase

D!a0'/ Sc0-$/4 C*)!$"0-a/$*)

user:admin user:anonymous


73/263

role:reader

read

S//$)" Pa..2*-d C*)./-a$)/.

stardog.properties

password.length.min

password.length.max

4

password.length.max

20

password.regex

[\\w@#$%]+

U.$)"a Pa..2*-dF$'

.sdpass

sdpass.conf Application

Data\stardog

stardog.passwd.file

Pa..2*-d F$'F*-(a/


74/263

#

hostname:port:database:username:password

*

\

Na(dG-a+#Sc0-$/4

E3a(+'

#this is my password file; there are no others like it and this one is mine anyway...

*:*:*:flannery:aNahthu8

*:*:summercamp:jemima:foh9Moaz

$ stardog-admin user grant -a read -o named-graph:myDB\http://example.org/g1 myUser

$ stardog-admin user grant -a write -o named-graph:myDB\http://example.org/g2 myUser


75/263

security.named.graphs=true stardog.properties

Na(dG-a+#O+-a/$*).

H*2Na(dG-a+#P-($..$*).W*-&

Q0-4$)"

WHERE


76/263

W-$/$)"

Ra.*)$)"

E)/-+-$.A0/#)/$ca/$*)

cn groupOfNames

member


77/263

C*)!$"0-$)"S/a-d*"

stardog.properties

security.realms ldap

ldap.provider.url

ldap.security.principal

ldap.security.credentials

ldap.user.dn.template

ldap.group.lookup.string

ldap.users.cn cn

ldap.superusers.cn cn

dn: cn=stardogSuperUsers,ou=group,dc=example,dc=com

cn: stardogSuperUsers

objectclass: groupOfNames

member: uid=superuser,ou=people,dc=example,dc=com

dn: cn=stardogUsers,ou=group,dc=example,dc=com

cn: stardogUsers

objectclass: groupOfNames

member: uid=regularuser,ou=people,dc=example,dc=com

member: uid=anotherregularuser,ou=people,dc=example,dc=com

dn: uid=superuser,ou=people,dc=example,dc=com

objectClass: inetOrgPerson

cn: superuser

sn: superuser

uid: superuser

userPassword: superpassword


78/263

ldap.cache.invalidate.time

24h

U.-Ma)a"()/

A)LDAPQ0$-&

read:user:$NEW_USER

A0/#)/$ca/dU.-Cac#

0ms

A0/#*-$5a/$*)

security.realms = ldap

ldap.provider.url = ldap://localhost:5860

ldap.security.principal = uid=admin,ou=people,dc=example,dc=com

ldap.security.credentials = secret

ldap.user.dn.template = uid={0},ou=people,dc=example,dc=com

ldap.group.lookup.string = ou=group,dc=example,dc=com

ldap.users.cn = stardogUsers

ldap.superusers.cn = stardogSuperUsers

ldap.cache.invalidate.time = 1h


79/263

S/a'P-($..$*).R*'.

Q0a-/5 c-*)

3+-..$*) ldap.consistency.scheduler.expression

Ma)a"$)"S/a-d*" Sc0-'4

U.-.

create user:*

delete

read

## Execute the consistency cleanup at 6pm every day

ldap.consistency.scheduler.expression = 0 0 18 * * ?

http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/documentation/quartz-1.x/tutorials/crontriggerhttp://www.quartz-scheduler.org/documentation/quartz-1.x/tutorials/crontriggerhttp://www.quartz-scheduler.org/documentation/quartz-1.x/tutorials/crontriggerhttp://www.quartz-scheduler.org/documentation/quartz-1.x/tutorials/crontrigger


80/263

read

R*'.

create role:*

delete

grant

revoke

Da/aba..

create db:*

delete db:theDatabase


81/263

write icv-constraints:theDatabase

read icv-constraints:theDatabase

execute admin:theDatabase



P-($..$*).

grant

revoke


82/263

D+'*4$)"S/a-d*"Sc0-'4


83/263


84/263

my-trusted-server.crt


85/263


86/263


87/263

I)./a''

STARDOG_HOME

stardog.properties

pack.zookeeper.address

pack.cluster.username pack.cluster.password

pack.node.address

InetAddress.getLocalhost().getAddress()

# Flag to enable the cluster, without this flag set, the rest of the properties

have no effectpack.enabled=true

# this node's IP address (or hostname) where other Stardog nodes are going to

connect

pack.node.address=196.69. 68.1

# the connection string for ZooKeeper where cluster state is stored

pack.zookeeper.address=196.69. 68.1:2180,196.69. 68.2:2180,196.69. 68.3:2180

# credentials used for securing ZooKeeper state

pack.cluster.username=pack

pack.cluster.password=admin


88/263

clientPort zookeeper.properties

pack.cluster.address stardog.properties

tickTime=2000

# Make sure this directory exists and

# ZK can write and read to and from it.

dataDir=/data/zookeeperdata/

clientPort=2180

initLimit=5

syncLimit=2

# This is an enumeration of all nodes in

# the cluster and must be identical in

# each node's config.

server.1=196.69. 68.1:2888:3888

server.2=196.69. 68.2:2888:3888

server.3=196.69. 68.3:2888:3888

tickTime=2000


clientPort=2180

initLimit=5

syncLimit=2

server.1=196.69. 68.1:2888:3888

server.2=196.69. 68.2:2888:3888

server.3=196.69. 68.3:2888:3888

tickTime=2000


clientPort=2180

initLimit=5

syncLimit=2

server.1=196.69. 68.1:2888:3888

server.2=196.69. 68.2:2888:3888

server.3=196.69. 68.3:2888:3888


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dataDir

myid dataDir

node1 node2

I)./a''a/$*)

/data/zookeeperdata/myid # on node 1

$ echo 2 > /data/zookeeperdata/myid # on node 2

$ echo 3 > /data/zookeeperdata/myid # on node 3

$ ./stardog-admin cluster zkstart --home ~/stardog # on node 1




90/263

$STARDOG_HOME ~/stardog --home

5821

5820

5820

*7$c$a' .$/

haproxy.cfg

$ ./stardog-admin help cluster zkstart

$ ./stardog-admin server start --home ~/stardog --port 5821 # on node 1



$ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get install haproxy

global global

daemon

maxconn 256

http://www.haproxy.org/http://www.haproxy.org/


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defaults

timeout connect 5s

timeout client 1h

timeout server 1h

# where HAProxy will listen for connections

frontend stardog-in

option tcpka # keep-alive

bind *:5820

default_backend stardogs

# the Stardog servers - we use sticky sessions

backend stardogs


# sticks the client to a given server for the duration of the connection

# using the destination IP address

stick-table type integer size 200k expire 30m

stick on dst

# these three lines perform a health check

# they will check that the node accepts connections and

# that it's operational within the cluster

option tcp-check

tcp-check send-binary 50494e47 # PING

tcp-check expect binary 504F4e47 # PONG

# replace these IP addresses with the corresponding node address

server stardog1 196.69.68.1:5821 maxconn 32 check



global global

daemon

maxconn 256

defaults

timeout connect 5s

timeout client 1h

timeout server 1h

frontend stardog-in


92/263

*7$c$a' d*c0()/a/$*)

5820


bind *:5820

default_backend stardogs

backend stardogs

mode http

# this line serves the same purpose as PING/PONG in tcp mode

option httpchk GET /admin/healthcheck

# replace these IP addresses with the corresponding node address




$ haproxy -f haproxy.cfg

$ ./stardog-admin db create -n myDb

$ ./stardog data add myDb /path/to/my/data

$ ./stardog query myDb "select * { ?s ?p ?o } limit 5"

$ ./stardog-admin server stop

http://www.haproxy.org/#docshttp://www.haproxy.org/#docs


93/263

R0))$)"S/a-d*" C'0./- *)a S$)"'Mac#$)

STARDOG_HOME

5820

5820

watchdog.port

stardog.properties

/data/zookeeperdata

C*)!$"0-a/$*) I..0.

T*+*'*"$.7 S$5

n


94/263

O+) F$'L$($/.

ulimit -n


95/263

Ma)a"()/

S/a-d*" R'a.

BOSH

P$1*/a' C'*0d F*0)d-4

S/a-d*" R'a.

BOSH d*c.

L$($/a/$*).

G-a+# Sa-c#

http://github.com/complexible/stardog-releasehttp://bosh.io/http://https//run.pivotal.io/http://github.com/complexible/stardog-releasehttp://bosh.io/docshttp://bosh.io/docshttp://github.com/complexible/stardog-releasehttp://https//run.pivotal.io/http://bosh.io/http://github.com/complexible/stardog-release


96/263

I)d3$)" S/-a/"4

U.-d!$)d L0c) A)a'45-

Ma$)/a$)$)" Sa-c# I)d3.

C*)!$"0-a/$*) O+/$*).

I)/"-a/$*)2$/#SPARQLtag:stardog:api:property:textMatch

http://jena.hpl.hp.com/ARQ/property#textMatch

textMatch

50 LIMIT

?s ?p ?l

SELECT DISTINCT ?s ?score

WHERE {

?s ?p ?l.

( ?l ?score ) ( 'mac' 0.5 50 ).

}


97/263

?s rdf:type ex:Book

E.ca+$)"C#a-ac/-. $) Sa-c#

.ca+d

Sa-c#S4)/a3

.a-c# (*d$!$-.

? *

~ ~ foo~0.8

"semantic web"~5

OR AND NOT , and ̀ -

L0c) d*c.

OWL 7 R0' Ra.*)$)"

http://lucene.apache.org/core/4_0_0/queryparser/org/apache/lucene/queryparser/classic/package-summary.html#Escaping_Special_Charactershttp://lucene.apache.org/core/5_3_0/queryparser/org/apache/lucene/queryparser/classic/package-summary.html#package_descriptionhttp://lucene.apache.org/core/4_2_0/queryparser/org/apache/lucene/queryparser/classic/package-summary.html#package_descriptionhttp://lucene.apache.org/core/4_2_0/queryparser/org/apache/lucene/queryparser/classic/package-summary.html#package_descriptionhttp://lucene.apache.org/core/5_3_0/queryparser/org/apache/lucene/queryparser/classic/package-summary.html#package_descriptionhttp://lucene.apache.org/core/4_0_0/queryparser/org/apache/lucene/queryparser/classic/package-summary.html#Escaping_Special_Characters


98/263

OWL < D$-c/ S(a)/$c. E)/a$'()/

R"$(

=;

Sa( A. Ra.*)$)"

Ra.*)$)" T4+.

reasoning

-r --reasoning

a c*))c/$*) *+/$*) a ,0-4 *+/$*)

false

true

reasoning.type

reasoning.type

reasoning.type SL

SL

RDFS RDF Sc#(a

QL OWL < QL RL OWL < RL EL OWL

http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/WD-sparql11-entailment-20100126/#id45013http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/WD-sparql11-entailment-20100126/#id45013http://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/api/ConnectionConfiguration.html#reasoning(boolean)http://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/api/Query.html#reasoning(boolean)http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/http://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-profiles/#OWL_2_QLhttp://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-profiles/#OWL_2_RLhttp://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-profiles/#OWL_2_ELhttp://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-profiles/#OWL_2_ELhttp://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-profiles/#OWL_2_RLhttp://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-profiles/#OWL_2_QLhttp://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/http://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/api/Query.html#reasoning(boolean)http://docs.stardog.com/java/snarl/com/complexible/stardog/api/ConnectionConfiguration.html#reasoning(boolean)http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/WD-sparql11-entailment-20100126/#id45013http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/WD-sparql11-entailment-20100126/#id45013


99/263

< EL DL OWL < DL a3$*(. SL

SWRL -0'.

DL

Q0-4 R2-$/$)"

DL

/# OWL < DL -./-$c/$*). DL

DL

DL

reasoning.type NONE

U.$)"Ra.*)$)"

=<

reasoning.schema.graphs

tag:stardog:api:context:default


http://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-profiles/#OWL_2_ELhttp://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-owl2-syntax-20121211/http://www.w3.org/Submission/SWRL/http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-owl2-syntax-20121211/#Global_Restrictions_on_Axioms_in_OWL_2_DLhttp://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-owl2-syntax-20121211/#Global_Restrictions_on_Axioms_in_OWL_2_DLhttp://www.w3.org/Submission/SWRL/http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-owl2-syntax-20121211/http://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-profiles/#OWL_2_EL


100/263


Q0-4A).2-$)"

C*((a)d L$)

HTTP

Ra.*)$)" C*))c/$*)API

ReasoningConnection Ja1a

P-*"-a(($)"

isConsistent()

$ ./stardog query --reasoning myDB "SELECT ?s { ?s a :C } LIMIT 10"

$ curl -u admin:admin -X GET "http://localhost:5822/myDB/

query?reasoning=true&query=..."


101/263

isSatisfiable(URI theURIClass)

E3+'a$)$)"Ra.*)$)"R.0'/.

==

S/a-d*". 3/)dd HTTP +-*/*c*' d$.c0..$*) *! SNARL#//+."$/#0bc*(C*(+'3$b'./a-d*"3a(+'.

P-**!T-.

=>

E3a(+'

:Alice rdf:type :Employee

$ stardog reasoning explain myDB inference_to_explain.ttl

https://github.com/Complexible/stardog-examples/https://github.com/Complexible/stardog-examples/


102/263

INFERRED :Alice rdf:type :Employee

INFERRED :Alice rdf:type :Employee ASSERTED :Manager rdfs:subClassOf :Employee

INFERRED :Alice rdf:type :Manager

INFERRED :Alice rdf:type :Employee

ASSERTED :Manager rdfs:subClassOf :Employee

INFERRED :Alice rdf:type :Manager

ASSERTED :Alice :supervises :Bob

ASSERTED :supervises rdfs:domain :Manager

#schema#schema

:Manager rdfs:subClassOf :Employee

:ProjectManager rdfs:subClassOf :Manager

:ProjectManager owl:equivalentClass (:manages some :Project)

:supervises rdfs:domain :Manager

:ResearchProject rdfs:subClassOf :Project

:projectID rdfs:domain :Project

#instance#instance data

:Alice :supervises :Bob

:Alice :manages :ProjectX

:ProjectX a :ResearchProject

:ProjectX :projectID "123-45-6789"


103/263

:Alice

rdf:type :Employee

E3+'a)a/$*)8

E3+'a)a/$*)9

E3+'a)a/$*):



:supervises rdfs:domain :Manager

:Alice :supervises :Bob




:ResearchProject rdfs:subClassOf :Project:Alice :manages :ProjectX

:ProjectX a :ResearchProject




:projectID rdfs:domain :Project

:Alice :manages :ProjectX

:ProjectX :projectID "123-45-6789"

INFERRED :Alice a :Employee

ASSERTED :Manager rdfs:subClassOf :Employee

1.1) INFERRED :Alice a :Manager

ASSERTED :supervises rdfs:domain :Manager

ASSERTED :Alice :supervises :Bob

1.2) INFERRED :Alice a :Manager


104/263

:Alice a :Manager

1

1.1 1.2 1

:ProjectX a :Project 2.1

2.2

U.-d!$)d R0'Ra.*)$)"

SWRL

ASSERTED :ProjectManager rdfs:subClassOf :Manager

INFERRED :Alice a :ProjectManager

ASSERTED :ProjectManager owl:equivalentClass (:manages some :Project)

ASSERTED :Alice :manages :ProjectX

2.1) INFERRED :ProjectX a :Project

ASSERTED :projectID rdfs:domain :Project

ASSERTED :ProjectX :projectID "123-45-6789"

2.2) INFERRED :ProjectX a :Project

ASSERTED :ResearchProject rdfs:subClassOf :Project

ASSERTED :ProjectX a :ResearchProject

http://www.w3.org/Submission/SWRL/http://www.w3.org/Submission/SWRL/


105/263

S/a-d*"R0'.S4)/a3

IF-THEN=?

H*2/*U.S/a-d*"R0'.


106/263

reasoning.schema.graphs

=@

tag:stardog:api:rule: content

SPARQLRule

@prefix rule: .

[] a rule:SPARQLRule;

rule:content """

...la di dah the rule goes here!

""".

@prefix rule: .

[] a rule:SPARQLRule ;

rule:content """

PREFIX :IF {

?r a :Rectangle ;

:width ?w ;

:height ?h

BIND (?w * ?h AS ?area)

}

THEN {

?r :area ?area

}""" .


107/263

R0' L$($/a/$*).7 G*/c#a.

tag:stardog:api:rule:

@prefix

urn:test:

foo:Example

IF THEN

S/a-d*" R0'.E3a(+'.

PREFIX rule:

PREFIX :

PREFIX gr:

:Product1 gr:hasPriceSpecification [ gr:hasCurrencyValue 100.0 ] .




rule:content """PREFIX xsd:

PREFIX gr:

PREFIX :

IF {

?offering gr:hasPriceSpecification ?ps .

?ps gr:hasCurrencyValue ?price .


108/263

:Product…

FILTER

FILTER (?price >= 200.00).

}

THEN {

?offering a :ExpensiveProduct .

}

""".

PREFIX rule:

PREFIX :

:c a :Circle ;

:radius 10 .

:t a :Triangle ;

:base 4 ;

:height 10 .

:r a :Rectangle ;

:width 5 ;

:height 8 .

:s a :Rectangle ;

:width 10 ;

:height 10 .


rule:content """

PREFIX :

IF {

?r a :Rectangle ;

:width ?w ;

:height ?h

BIND (?w * ?h AS ?area)

}

THEN {

?r :area ?area

}""" .


109/263

BIND


rule:content """

PREFIX :

IF {

?t a :Triangle ;

:base ?b ;

:height ?h

BIND (?b * ?h / 2 AS ?area)

}

THEN {

?t :area ?area

}""" .


rule:content """

PREFIX :

PREFIX math:

IF {

?c a :Circle ;

:radius ?r

BIND (math:pi() * math:pow(?r, 2) AS ?area)

}

THEN {

?c :area ?area

}""" .


rule:content """

PREFIX :

IF {

?r a :Rectangle ;

:width ?w ;

:height ?h

FILTER (?w = ?h)

}

THEN {

?r a :Square}""" .


110/263

THEN

PREFIX swrlb:

PREFIX xsd:

IF {

?x a :Person; hasAge ?age.

FILTER (?age >= 13 && ?age


111/263

S0++*-/d B0$'/I).

#-

S+c$a' P-d$ca/.

IF {

?x a :Male; :isSiblingOf/:isParentOf ?z

}THEN {

?x :isUncleOf ?z.

}

IF {

?x a :SuperUser.

?y a :Resource.?z a .

}

THEN {

?z a :Role.

?x :hasRole ?z; :readPermission ?y.

}


112/263

D$-c/S/-$c/S0bc'a...> S0b+-*+-/$.> 7 D$-c/T4+.

rdf:type rdfs:subClassOf

rdfs:subPropertyOf

sp:directType

sp:directSubClassOf

sp:strictSubClassOf

sp:directSubPropertyOf

sp:strictSubPropertyOf

sp tag:stardog:api:property:

sesame:directType sesame:directSubClassOf sesame:strictSubClassOf

sesame http://www.openrdf.org/schema/sesame#

#c1 is a subclass of c2 but not equivalent to c2

:c1 sp: strictSubClassOf :c2 => :c1 rdfs: subClassOf :c2 .

FILTER NOT EXISTS {

:c1 owl: equivalentClass :c2 .

}

#c1 is a strict subclass of c2 and there is no c3 between c1 and c2 in

#the strict subclass hierarchy

:c1 sp: directSubClassOf :c2 => :c1 sp: strictSubClassOf :c2 .

FILTER NOT EXISTS {

:c1 sp: strictSubClassOf :c3 .


}

#ind is an instance of c1 but not an instance of any strict subclass of c1

:ind sp: directType :c1 => :ind rdf:type :c1 .

FILTER NOT EXISTS {

http://www.openrdf.org/schema/sesamehttp://www.openrdf.org/schema/sesame


113/263

sp:directSubPropertyOf sp:strictSubPropertyOf

N2I)d$1$d0a'. 2$/#SWRL

UUID()

:ind rdf:type :c2 .


}

IFIF {

?p a :ParentParent .

BIND (UUID() AS AS ?parentparent) .

}

THEN {

?parentparent a :Person .

}


114/263

http://www.w3.org/ns/

sparql#UUID

:Parent

:Person

R(a-&.

IFIF {

?person a :Person .


}

THEN {

?parentparent a :ParentParent ;

a :Male .

}

IFIF {

?person a :Person .


}

THEN {

?parentparent a :ParentParent .

}

IFIF {

?person a :Person .


}

http://www.w3.org/ns/sparql#UUIDhttp://www.w3.org/ns/sparql#UUIDhttp://www.w3.org/ns/sparql#UUIDhttp://www.w3.org/ns/sparql#UUID


115/263

:Male

:Parent

:Father

Q0-4 R2-$/$)"

THEN {

?parentparent a :Male .

}

IFIF {

?person a :Father .

}

THEN {?parentparent a :ParentParent ;

a :Male .

}

IFIF {

?person a :Person .

BIND (UUID() AS AS ?parentparent) .}

THEN {

?parentparent a :Father .

}


116/263

*3 Fig$!e * Q$e!' An"&e!ing

+3 Fig$!e +3 Q$e!' Re&!i#ing

:SeniorManager rdfs:subClassOf :manages some :Manager

:manages some :Employee rdfs:subClassOf :Manager



117/263

W#4Q0-4R2-$/$)"

:Bill rdf:type :SeniorManager

:Robert rdf:type :Manager

:Ana :manages :Lucy

:Lucy rdf:type :Employee

SELECTSELECT ?employee WHERE WHERE { ?employee rdf:type :Employee }

SELECTSELECT ?employee WHERE WHERE { ?employee rdf:type :Employee }

SELECTSELECT ?employee WHERE WHERE { ?employee rdf:type :Manager }

SELECTSELECT ?employee WHERE WHERE { ?employee rdf:type :SeniorManager }

SELECTSELECT ?employee WHERE WHERE { ?employee :manages ?x. ?x rdf:type :Employee }


118/263

Sa(A.Ra.*)$)"

sameAs sameAs

sameAs

sameAs

sameAs reasoning.sameas

$ ./stardog-admin db create -o reasoning.sameas=FULL -n myDB


119/263

OFF sameAs sameAs

=

ON sameAs sameAs

sameAs

FULL ON

hasKey sameAs

sameAs

sameAs

sameAs

sameAs ON

dbpedia:Elvis_Presley

dbpedia-owl:birthPlace dbpedia:Mississippi ;

owl:sameAs freebase:en.elvis_presley .

nyt:presley_elvis_pernyt:associated_article_count 35 ;

rdfs:label "Elvis Presley" ;

owl:sameAs dbpedia:Elvis_Presley .

freebase:en.elvis_presley

freebase:common.topic.official_website .

$ ./stardog query --reasoning elvis 'SELECT * { ?s dbpedia-owl:birthPlace ?o;

rdfs:label "Elvis Presley" }'


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sameAs

sameAs

rdfs:label dbpedia-owl:birthPlace

sameAs

+-----------------------+---------------------+

| s | o |

+-----------------------+---------------------+

| nyt:presley_elvis_per | dbpedia:Mississippi |

+-----------------------+---------------------+

SELECT * {

nyt:presley_elvis_per owl:sameAs ?elvis .

?elvis ?p ?o

}

SELECT * {

nyt:presley_elvis_per ?p ?o

}


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sameAs

FULL sameAs

sameAs

+----------------------------------------+-----------------------+

| p | o |

+----------------------------------------+-----------------------+

| rdfs:label | "Elvis Presley" |

| dbpedia-owl:birthPlace | dbpedia:Mississippi |

| nyt:associated_article_count | 35 |

| freebase:common.topic.official_website | http://www.elvis.com/ |

| rdf:type | owl:Thing |

+----------------------------------------+-----------------------+

SELECT * {

dbpedia:Elvis_Presley nyt:presley_elvis_per ?p ?o

}

$ ./stardog query -r elvis 'SELECT * { freebase:en.elvis_presley owl:sameAs ?elvis }'

+---------------------------+

| elvis |

+---------------------------+

| dbpedia:Elvis_Presley |

| freebase:en.elvis_presley |

| nyt:presley_elvis_per |

+---------------------------+

#Everyone#Everyone has a unique SSN number

:hasSSN a owl:InverseFunctionalProperty , owl:DatatypeProperty .


122/263

sameAs FULL

:JohnDoe :hasSSN "123-45-6789" .

:JDoe :hasSSN "123-45-6789" .

#Nobody#Nobody can work for more than one company (for the sake of the example)

:worksFor a owl:FunctionalProperty , owl:ObjectProperty ;

rdfs:domain :Employee ;

rdfs:range :Company .

:JohnDoe :worksFor :Acme .

:JDoe :worksFor :AcmeInc .

#For#For each company, there can only be one employee with the same employee ID

:Employee owl:hasKey (:employeeID :worksFor ).

:JohnDoe :employeeID "1234-ABC" .

:JohnD :employeeID "1234-ABC" ;

:worksFor :AcmeInc .

:JD :employeeID "5678-XYZ" ;

:worksFor :AcmeInc .

:John :employeeID "1234-ABC" ;

:worksFor :Emca .

$ ./stardog query -r acme "SELECT * {?x owl:sameAs ?y}"

+----------+----------+

| x | y |

+----------+----------+

| :JohnDoe | :JohnD |

| :JDoe | :JohnD |

| :Acme | :AcmeInc |

+----------+----------+


123/263

:JohnDoe owl:sameAs :JohnD

hasSSN

:Acme owl:sameAs :AcmeInc :JohnDoe

:JohnDoe owl:sameAs :JohnD owl:hasKey

sameAs

R(*1$)"U)2a)/d I)!-)c.

reasoning explain

reasoning undo

P-!*-(a)c H$)/.

H$-a-c#$.a)dQ0-$.

$ ./reasoning undo myDB ":AcmeInc a :Person"


124/263

:Employee

:Ci :Employee

D*(a$).a)dRa)".

:Employee


:SeniorManager rdfs:subClassOf :Manager

...

:Supervisor rdfs:subClassOf :Employee

:DepartmentSupervisor rdfs:subClassOf :Supervisor

...

:Secretary rdfs:subClassOf :Employee

...

SELECTSELECT ?employee WHERE WHERE { ?employee rdf:type :Ci }

SELECT ?manager ? employee WHERE

{ ?manager :manages ?employee.

?employee rdf:type :Employee. }


125/263

V-4 La-"Sc#(a.

OWL < EL EL

Ra.*)$)" T4+.

N*/ S$)"E3+c/dR.0'/.

A-1a-$ab'/4+. a(b$"0*0.

:manages rdfs:range :Employee

SELECT ?manager ? employee WHERE { ?manager :manages ?employee }

http://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-owl2-profiles-20121211/#OWL_2_ELhttp://www.w3.org/TR/2012/REC-owl2-profiles-20121211/#OWL_2_EL


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-'1a)/ ./a)da-d

?i ?p "a literal" ?p

?s ?p ?o

=

?var a TYPE TYPE

?var

owl:ObjectProperty owl:DatatypeProperty

owl:NamedIndividual owl:Class

?s

?s ?o

?s

I./#.c#(a2#-4*0/#$)&$/$.

c*)!$"0-a/$*) *+/$*).

SELECT ?o

WHERE {

?s rdf:type ?o.

?s a owl: ObjectProperty.

}.

http://www.w3.org/TR/sparql11-entailment/#OWLDSEnRegimehttp://www.w3.org/TR/sparql11-entailment/#OWLDSEnRegime


127/263

reasoning schema

A- 4*00.$)" /#-$"#/ -a.*)$)" /4+

SL

A-4*00.$)"DL

A-4*00.$)"SWRL

D*4*0&)*22#a//*3+c/

OWL < +-$(-

K)*2) I..0.

owl:imports

http://docs.stardog.com/man/reasoning-schema.htmlhttp://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-primer/http://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-primer/http://docs.stardog.com/man/reasoning-schema.html


128/263

T-($)*'*"4

Da/aba..

OWL < P-*!$'.

:complexible :complexible :Stardog

:complexible rdf:type :Company

:complexible :maintains :Stardog

:Company rdfs:subClassOf :Organization


129/263

Q0-$.

rdf:type

owl:differentFrom

owl:sameAs

rdfs:subClassOf

owl:disjointWith

owl:equivalentClass

rdfs:subPropertyOf

owl:equivalentProperty

owl:inverseOf

owl:propertyDisjointWith

rdfs:domain

rdfs:range

rdf:type


130/263

Ra.*)$)"

:complexible

:complexible rdf:type :Company

:Company rdfs:subClassOf :Organization

:complexible rdf:type :Organization

SELECTSELECT ?org WHERE WHERE { ?org rdf:type :Organization}

SELECTSELECT ?org WHERE WHERE

{ { ?org rdf:type :Organization } UNIONUNION

{ ?org rdf:type :Company } UNIONUNION

...

}


131/263

:LLC

:LLC

:complexible

:LLC :LLC

:LLC

:Company :Organization

OWL 9 P-*!$'.

OWL < Wb O)/*'*"4 La)"0a" P-*!$'. S+c$!$ca/$*)

OWL < QL

:Company owl:disjointWith :Organization

:LLC owl:equivalentClass :Company and :Organization

http://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-profiles/http://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-profiles/#OWL_2_QLhttp://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-profiles/#OWL_2_QLhttp://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-profiles/


132/263

OWL < EL

OWL < RL

Va'$da/$)" C*)./-a$)/.

http://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-profiles/#OWL_2_ELhttp://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-profiles/#OWL_2_RLhttp://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-profiles/#OWL_2_RLhttp://www.w3.org/TR/owl2-profiles/#OWL_2_EL


133/263

ICV .+c$!$ca/$*)

G//$)" S/a-/d 2$/# ICV

3/)dd ICV /0/*-$a'

ICV7OWL9Ra.*)$)"

OWL 9 R0' Ra.*)$)"

http://docs.stardog.com/icv/icv-specification.htmlhttps://github.com/Complexible/stardog-examples/tree/master/examples/cli/icvhttps://github.com/Complexible/stardog-examples/tree/master/examples/cli/icvhttp://docs.stardog.com/icv/icv-specification.html


134/263

U.$)"ICV!-*(CLI

$ stardog-admin icv add myDb constraints.rdf

$ stardog-admin icv drop myDb

$ stardog-admin icv remove myDb constraints.rdf

$ stardog icv convert myDb out.rdf

$ stardog explain --contexts http://example.org/context1 http://example.org/context2

$ stardog icv export myDb constraints.rdf

$ stardog validate --contexts http://example.org/context1 http://example.org/context2


135/263

ICV G0a-d M*d

E3+'a$)$)" ICVV$*'a/$*).

P-**! T-.

Sc0-$/4 N*/

$ ./stardog-admin db offline --timeout 0 myDb #take the database offline

$ ./stardog-admin db metadata set -o icv.enabled=true myDb #enable ICV

$ ./stardog-admin db online myDb #put the database online

$ stardog icv explain --reasoning "myDB"

$ stardog icv explain --reasoning "myDB" constraints.ttl


136/263

R+a$-$)" ICVV$*'a/$*).

icv fix

--execute

icv fix

icv

fix

ICVE3a(+'.

!*-(a' .(a)/$c.

OWL *)/*'*"4 UML d$a"-a(

http://example.com/company.owl# xsd:

http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#

R!-)c Ja1a c*d

$ stardog help icv fix

http://docs.stardog.com/icv/icv-specification.htmlhttp://docs.stardog.com/icv/company.owlhttp://docs.stardog.com/icv/ClassDiagram.pnghttp://example.com/company.owlhttp://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchemahttps://gist.github.com/1333767https://gist.github.com/1333767http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchemahttp://example.com/company.owlhttp://docs.stardog.com/icv/ClassDiagram.pnghttp://docs.stardog.com/icv/company.owlhttp://docs.stardog.com/icv/icv-specification.html


137/263

S0b.0(+/$*)C*)./-a$)/.

Ma)a"-.(0./ b(+'*4.=

C*)./-a$)/

Da/aba.A $)1a'$d

Da/aba.B 1a'$d

Manager

Employee Manager Alice

Employee Alice Manager

Employee

D*(a$)Ra)"C*)./-a$)/.

O)'4 +-*%c/ 'ad-.ca) b -.+*).$b' !*-+-*%c/.=

C*)./-a$)/


:Alice a :Manager .

:Alice a :Manager , :Employee .

:is_responsible_for rdfs:domain :Project_Leader


138/263

Da/aba.A $)1a'$d

Da/aba.B $)1a'$d

Da/aba.C 1a'$d

is_responsible_for Project_Leader

Project

is_responsible_for (Alice, MyProject) MyProject

Project Alice Project_Leader

Alice Project_Leader MyProject

Project Alice Project_Leader

MyProject Project

O)'4(+'*4. ca) #a1a)SSN=

C*)./-a$)/

Da/aba.A $)1a'$d

:Alice :is_responsible_for :MyProject .

:MyProject a :Project .

:Alice a :Project_Leader ;

:is_responsible_for :MyProject .

:Alice a :Project_Leader ;

:is_responsible_for :MyProject .


:ssn rdfs:domain :Employee

:Bob :ssn "123-45-6789" .


139/263

Da/aba.B 1a'$d

i SSNi Employee Bob Employee

SSN Bob Employee

Ada/*!b$-/#(0./bada/=

C*)./-a$)/

Da/aba.A $)1a'$d

Da/aba.B 1a'$d

i l DOB

l xsd:date Bob

"1970-01-01" DOB "1970-01-01"

Pa-/$c$+a/$*)C*)./-a$)/.

:Bob a :Employee ;

:ssn "123-45-6789" .

:dob rdfs:range xsd:date

:Bob :dob "1970-01-01" .

:Bob :dob "1970-01-01"^ ̂xsd:date


140/263

Eac# .0+-1$.*-(0./ .0+-1$.a/ 'a./*)(+'*4=

C*)./-a$)/

Da/aba.A 1a'$d

Da/aba.B $)1a'$d

Da/aba.C $)1a'$d

Da/aba.D 1a'$d

i Supervisor ij supervises j

Employee Supervisor

Supervisor Alice

Alice Bob supervises Bob Employee

#this constraint is very concise in Terp syntax:

#:Supervisor rdfs:subClassOf (:supervises some :Employee)

:Supervisor rdfs: subClassOf

[ a owl:Restriction ;

owl: onProperty :supervises ;

owl: someValuesFrom :Employee

] .

:Alice a owl:Thing .

:Alice a :Supervisor .

:Alice a :Supervisor ;

:supervises :Bob .

:Alice a :Supervisor ;

:supervises :Bob .

:Bob a :Employee


141/263

Alice Bob supervises Bob

Employee

Eac# +-*%c/ (0./ #a1 a 1a'$d+-*%c/ )0(b-=

C*)./-a$)/

Da/aba.A 1a'$d

Da/aba.B $)1a'$d

Da/aba.C $)1a'$d

Da/aba.D $)1a'$d

#Again, this constraint in Terp syntax rocks the hizzous:

#:Project rdfs:subClassOf (:number some xsd:integer[>= 0, < 5000])

:Project rdfs:subClassOf


owl:onProperty :number ;

owl:someValuesFrom

[ a rdfs:Datatype ;

owl:onDatatype xsd:integer ;

owl:withRestrictions ([xsd:minInclusive 0] [ xsd:maxExclusive 5000])

]

] .

:MyProject a owl:Thing .

:MyProject a :Project

:MyProject a :Project ;

:number "23" .


:number "6000"^ ̂xsd:integer .


142/263

Da/aba.E 1a'$d

i Project inumber 0 5000

MyProject

Project MyProject

Project number

MyProject number "23"

MyProject

number MyProject

23 [0,5000]

Ca-d$)a'$/4C*)./-a$)/.

E(+'*4.(0./)*/2*-&*)(*-/#a):+-*%c/.=

C*)./-a$)/

Da/aba.A 1a'$d


:number "23"^ ̂xsd:integer .

#Constraint in Terp syntax:

#:Employee rdfs:subClassOf (:works_on max 3 :Project)

:Employee rdfs: subClassOf


owl: onProperty :works_on;

owl:maxQualifiedCardinality "3"^ ̂xsd:nonNegativeInteger ;

owl: onClass :Project

] .

:Bob a owl:Thing.


143/263

Da/aba.B 1a'$d

Da/aba.C $)1a'$d

i Employee i works_on

Project Bob Employee

Bob Employee

MyProject Bob

Project works_on

=

>:

:Bob a :Employee ;

:works_on :MyProject .


:Bob a :Employee ;

:works_on :MyProject , :MyProjectFoo , :MyProjectBar , :MyProjectBaz .


:MyProjectFoo a :Project .

:MyProjectBar a :Project .

:MyProjectBaz a :Project .


144/263

D+a-/()/.(0./ #a1 a/ 'a./9 (+'*4.=

C*)./-a$)/

Da/aba.A 1a'$d

Da/aba.B $)1a'$d

Da/aba.C 1a'$d

i Department

j k Employee i works_in

i works_in MyDepartment

Department

#Constraint in Terp syntax:

#:Department rdfs:subClassOf (inverse :works_in min 2 :Employee)

:Department rdfs: subClassOf


owl: onProperty [ owl:inverseOf :works_in] ;

owl:minQualifiedCardinality "2"^ ̂xsd:nonNegativeInteger ;

owl: onClass :Employee

] .

[source,sparql]

:MyDepartment a owl:NamedIndividual .

:MyDepartment a :Department .

:Bob a :Employee ;

:works_in :MyDepartment .

[source,sparql]

:MyDepartment a :Department .

:Alice a :Employee ;


:Bob a :Employee ;



145/263

MyDepartment Department Employee

Bob MyDepartment

Bob Alice Employee

Ma)a"-.(0./ (a)a" 3ac/'48 d+a-/()/=

C*)./-a$)/

Da/aba.A 1a'$d

Da/aba.B $)1a'$d

Da/aba.C $)1a'$d

Da/aba.D 1a'$d

stardog-manual-4.0.5

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