spring 2018 - rochester institute of technology | rit · design thinking |recommended publications...
TRANSCRIPT
Spring2018
Design ThinkingThinkingLikeaDesigner
Principles of
FromIdeatoBusiness
DanHarel,AdjunctProfessor,IndustrialDesign,RochesterInstituteofTechnology,2018|Foreducationpurposesonly
Aninclusiveandcreativemethodologythatpromotesuserunderstandingandcollaborativeproductdevelopmentprocesstosolveproblems
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But,itwasn’talwayslikethisasuserfeedbackandparticipationwasneveranaimoftheindustrialrevolution
Design Thinking
Design Thinking
Early20thCenturyHousehold&Officeequipment
Manyconsumerandcommercialdesignswellintothe20thCenturydisplayedinsufficientconsiderationforuserneeds
Design Thinking
Auser-centeredapproachthatconsidersuser-understandinganduserexperienceasfundamentalcomponentsforcreatingAprovenandrepeatableprocessleadingtousefulsolutionsthatareinlinewithorganizationvisionorstrategicintent
Value
Design Thinking |ThinkinglikeadesignerAnintegratedapproachtoproblemsolving
Rational&Analytical
Intuitive&Emotive
DesignTechnology Art
Stepsnotproportionallyspacedoutinprocessdiagram
Design Thinking |AProblemSolvingMethodology
ATAGLANCE
InitialproblemdescriptionByenduser,customer,ororganization
DesignBrief&reframedproblemdefinitionAproblemworthsolving
Research• User• Technology• Business
Visualization&storytellingFromhandsketchestodetailedillustrations
IterativeprototypingCreationofmanyoptions
Testing&refinementVerifyneedsaremet:• User• Technology• Business
Ideation&synthesis• Strategicdirections• Criteriaforselectingtopsolutions
1 2 3 5 6 74
Design Thinking |ProductIdeationModel
BestinnovationopportunitiesIdeasrelatingtospecificuser,market&
technologies
Needs&DesiresCouldtheybeidentifiedandaddressed?
Possibilities
Couldtheideabemade?
UserDesirability
TechnologyFeasibility
BusinessViability
Requirements
Couldtheideabeprofitable?
Needs&Desires
•ContextualEnvironment&situationneeds
•ExperientialUseremotiveneeds
•HumanisticPromotehumanvalues
User
Design Thinking |BasisforGoodDesign
Designersareresponsibleforcreatingsolutionscenteredontheuser’sexperience,context,andonpromotinghumanvalues
Design Thinking |SelectingtheRightOpportunities
Needs(filters)
Userneeds&desires
Businessrequirements
Technologypossibilities
Ideas
Unfitopportunities(many)
ProductCommercialization
Relevantopportunities(few)
Design Thinking |InitialResearch
Whatquestionsshouldbeaskedintheinitialresearch?• Usercharacteristics,needs&desires• Context/environmentcharacteristics• Businessviability(targetmarket)• Technologyfeasibility&possibilities• Competitivebenchmarking
TypicalQuestions
• Whoistheintendeduser(s)formyproduct?
• Whatphysicalcharacteristicsorotherattributesbestdescribethisperson’slife?
• Whataretheactivitiesthisuserismostlyinvolvedwith?
Methods
• Observations• Interviews• Datacollection• Documentation(illustrations,photography)
Goals
• Tobecomefamiliarwiththelifestyleandrelevantenvironmentsoftheintendeduser
• Toidentifyandunderstandspecificproblems
• Toidentifyandunderstandspecificneeds(explicitandlatent)
Design Thinking |UserNeeds&Desires
TypicalQuestions
• Whatarethecharacteristicsofthespaceorsituationtheproductisintendedfor(interior/exterior,commercial/residential,socialinteraction)
Methods
• Personalvisittouser’senvironment
• Observationofconditionandcharacteristics
• Observationofwhatusersdointhisspace
• Interviewsrelatingtotheusageofthespace:-Routineorspecialactivities-Whatworkswellandnot-Realneedsandchallenges-Wishesanddesires
• Documentation(illustrationsandphotographs)
Goals
• Tobecomefamiliarwiththeintendedspacetheproductwillbeoperatedin
• Toidentifyenvironmentalattributesthatshouldbeconsideredinthedesignoftheproduct
Design Thinking |Context&Environment
TypicalQuestions
• Whatistheintendedtargetmarketfortheproduct?
• Whatarethecharacteristicsofthismarket?
• Whatothermarketsmightalsobeinterestedinthisproductoritsvariations?
Methods
• Marketresearch(multiplesources)
• Datacollection• Documentation
Goals
• Tobecomefamiliarwiththecohortandthemarketyouaredesigningfor,includingtheirlifestyleanddemographics
• Toidentifyspecificchallengesassociatedwiththismarket
• Toidentifyspecificneedsorwantsessentialforbusinesssuccess(explicitandlatent)
Design Thinking |BusinessViability
• Technicaldiagrams,illustrationsandimages
• Intellectualproperty(IP)
• Usageinotherproducts
Goals
• Toensurefunctionalspecificationsandestimatedproductcostareunderstood
• Toensurethedesigncanbemanufacturedtoperformasintended
• Toidentifychallengesthatmightpreventatimelydevelopment(suchasdevelopingnewtechnologies)
TypicalQuestions
• Whatarethemostimportanttechnologiesthatshouldbeconsideredtoenabletheproducttofunction
• Whataretheirmostimportantcharacteristic,benefitsanddownsides
• Howeasy/difficultitwouldbetoacquirethetechnologiesofinterest?
Methods
• Researchanddatacollectionbasedontheproduct’sfunctionalneeds
Design Thinking |TechnologyFeasibility
CATEGORIES/QUESTIONS PRODUCT1 PRODUCT2 PRODUCT3
Targetmarket
Environment
Technology
Othercategories/questions•--------•--------
Method:Evaluate&Compare• Selectafewconsumerproductsfromasimilarproductcategorymadebydifferentmakers
• Analyzeyourselectedproductsbasedonspecificcategories/questions(seepreviouspages)
PHOTO PHOTO PHOTO
Design Thinking |CompetitiveBenchmarking
Design Thinking |RecommendedPublications
Thinkinglikeadesigner-fromideatobusiness• ChangebyDesign:HowDesignThinkingTransformsOrganizationsandInspiresInnovation(TimBrown)
• DesignThinking:IntegratingInnovation,CustomerExperience,andBrandValue(ebook)(ThomasLockwood)
• TheArtofInnovation:LessonsinCreativityfromIDEO(TomKelley)
• DesignThinkingforStrategicInnovation:WhatTheyCan’tTeachYouatBusinessorDesignSchool(IdrisMootee)
• DesignThinkingProcess&Methods4thEdition(RobCuredale)
PleaseattendtothefollowingrequirementsforyourIdeaLabpresentation:
IdeaLab|TeamPresentations
IdeaLabSpring2018• Problemareaoriginaltitle
• Problemareanewtitle(ifdifferent)
• Problemstatement/definition• Teammembersinformation:-Fullname-College/department-YearatRIT-Emailcontact
• Teamadvisor(client)-Name+emailcontact
• Teamcoach(RITfaculty)-Name+emailcontact
1stpageofpresentationshouldincludethisinformation
Oneimageofyourfinalconceptdesign
and
ProjectRequirement(eachteam)• Originalproblemdescription(customerrequirements)
• Userprofile/needsanddesires• Context/environmentcharacteristics• Targetmarket/businessviability• Technologyfeasibilityandpossibilities• Competitivebenchmarking
• Refined/reframedproblemdefinition
• Brainstormingideationandsynthesis(recordofallideas)
• The“winning”conceptsolution(sketchesorCAD)andanticipatedresources
• Experimental3Dprototypes(images)
• Documentation:Googledoc/presentation
FollowthissimplifiedDesignThinkingprocesstoresearch,organizeandpresentyourconceptsolution.Useasmanypagesasnecessary