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Classification and Dichotomous Keys
SPI 0807.5.1 - Use a simple classification key to identify an
unknown organism.
Classification and Dichotomous Keys
With your table, discuss what do you think that a dichotomous
key is?
• A dichotomous key is a tool that allows the user to determine
the identity of items in the natural world such as trees,
flowers, mammals, reptiles, and fish.
• Break it down:
• Dicho-: divided into two parts
• -tomy: the cutting of; separating into sections
• Key: consists of a series of choices that lead the user to a
correct name of a specific item
Lab Activity Expectations
1. You will be working with your table only. I do not want to
see you talking to another table.
2. I expect 100% participation! If someone in your group is
not doing the work, please let me know. This will result in
an assignment from the book.
3. You should be working at a LOW volume. If you cannot
keep the volume low, we will skip the activity. If it is only 1
group being loud, I will not punish the class. That group
will do silent book work.
4. Stay on task! Getting off task will result in silent book
work.
Dichotomous Keys
Using the Dichotomous key:
1. Start with 1 and follow the directions on the paper.
2. If there are no “go to” directions, it will give you the
species name and that is where you stop.
Dichotomous Keys
Scenario:
1. You are a famous biologist and you have just discovered 6
species of insects in the local wildlife sanctuary where you
work. *You are not using real insects. It is really Chex mix.
2. You have never seen these insects in your area and you are
curious as to whether or not they are new or have already
been discovered.
3. Using a dichotomous key, you need to identify these species.
4. If they are not on your key, then you may have just
discovered a new species and will get to name it!
Dichotomous Keys – Post Lab
Discuss with your table:
1. How do you think using a dichotomous key would be
helpful to a scientist?
2. What type of scientist do you think would use such a key?
3. Do you think that there are any misconceptions (a view or
opinion that is incorrect because it is based on faulty
thinking or understanding) about dichotomous keys?
Dichotomous Key Assignment
➢ Before I start: Do NOT worry right now that you do not
know what a dichotomous key is. This is what we are
learning this week.
• You will make your own Dichotomous Key.
• If you need help, there is a link to a video on the
assignment sheet or you can go on my website and
review the PowerPoints that we did in class.
• This is your Science Hawk Mastery for the week.
• Due Tuesday 9/26/17
1. Find object around your house, in your yard, at school,
or on the internet that you can use to make a
Dichotomous Key.
2. Use a minimum of six objects.
3. You can use photos, do drawings of the objects, or use
the real objects. BE CREATIVE!
• Small toys, leaves, flowers, rocks, birds, or fish
pictures are just some examples.
Dichotomous Key Assignment
4. On the due date, bring all the appropriate “pieces” to
school.
5. You will be trading keys with a classmate, who will “key
out” your objects.
6. Being late will cost you 10 points. Max points for the
project is 40.
➢ That means that you cannot get any higher then an
75 if you do not bring in the assignment for class
that day.
Dichotomous Key Assignment
This is not only a homework assignment, but it is also an
in class activity. This is why the penalty for not bringing it
in is so high.
I have faith in you all and I have high expectations for
everyone!
If you need help, we can set up a time before or after
school to discuss it.
Dichotomous Key Assignment
10 Points 5 Points 0 Points
6 items All 6 items
included
3-5 items included 0-2 items included
Identification
Key is easy to
follow and ALL
items can be
identified
Key is somewhat
easy to follow and
MOST items can be
identified
Key is not easy to
follow and very few
to none of the items
can be identified
NeatnessAll areas of the
key written
legibly or typed.
Most areas of the
key written legibly
or typed.
None of the areas
of the key written
legibly or typed.
Brought in to
class
Brought project
in on the due
date.
No partial credit for
late assignment
Project was not
brought in on the
due date
Dichotomous Key Assignment
Rubric
Tennessee SPI Objective:
Use a simple classification key to identify an unknown organism.
Essential Question(s)
How do I use…
1) …a dichotomous key to identify an organism?
2) …a classification table to identify an organism?
3) …a flow chart to identify an organism?
4) …a branch diagram to identify an organism?
SPI 0807.5.1
Classification Keys
Success Criteria
I can…
1) …identify an organism with a dichotomous key.
2) …identify an organism with a classification table.
3) …identify an organism with a flow chart.
4) …identify an organism with a branch diagram.
➢Taxonomy is the science of defining, naming, and
classifying organisms.
SPI 0807.5.1
Classification Keys
➢ Organisms are classified according to similar physical
and genetic characteristics.
Classification and Classification Keys
➢ Before we investigate classification keys, it is helpful to first
examine some general classification concepts.
Starting with…
Taxonomy
Categories go from broad to narrow
1) Domain
2) Kingdom
3) Phylum
4) Class
5) Order
6) Family
7) Genus
8) Species
Modern Taxonomy
8 Levels of Classification
Broad
Narrow
Example: Location of LaVergne Middle School
8-Level Classification System
➢ Categories go from broad to narrow
1) The Universe
2) Milky Way Galaxy
3) Solar System
4) Planet Earth
5) North America
6) United States of America
7) Tennessee
8) LaVergne
Broad
Narrow
1) Domain
2) Kingdom
3) Phylum
4) Class
5) Order
6) Family
7) Genus
8) Species
Classification Levels
Memory Trick 01
Do
Kangaroos
Prefer
Cake
Or
Frosting
Generally
Speaking?
1) Domain
2) Kingdom
3) Phylum
4) Class
5) Order
6) Family
7) Genus
8) Species
Classification Levels
Memory Trick 02
Donkey
Kong
Puts
Children
On
Flying
Giant
Squirrels
CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA➢ In taxonomy organisms are classified according to
similar physical and genetic characteristics.
Example 01: At the Domain level -organisms are classified
according to whether or not their cell(s) contains a nucleus.
Prokaryotic Cell
(no nucleus)Eukaryotic Cell
(has a nucleus)
Example 02: At the Class level -organisms are grouped
according to similar physical characteristics.
Classes of Animals
Classification Criteria
➢ In taxonomy organisms are classified according to
similar physical and genetic characteristics.
SPI 0807.5.1
Classification Keys
Binomial Nomenclature
Note: In Latin “bi” means two and “nomial” means name
➢ Uses the last 2 classification levels (Genus and Species)
to name an organism.
Example: Human Beings
Genus: __________
Species: __________
Homo
Sapiens
➢Around 1735, Carolus Linnaeus created a two-part naming
system called binomial nomenclature.
Example: Human Beings (Homo Sapiens)
1) Domain: Eukarya
2) Kingdom: Animalia
3) Phylum: Chordata
4) Class: Mammalia
5) Order: Primates
6) Family: Hominoidia
7) Genus: Homo
8) Species: Sapiens
SPI 0807.5.1
Classification Keys
Binomial
Nomeclature2 part naming system
1st part
2nd part
8-Level Classification System
Example: Wolves
Genus: __________
Species: __________
Canis
lupus
Example: Domesticated Dogs
Genus: __________
Species: __________
Canis
familaris
Example: Domesticated Cats
Genus: __________
Species: __________
Felis
catus
Example: Bengal Tiger
Genus: __________
Species: __________
Panthera
tigris
Family:
Felidae
Random Science Question
Dichototmous Keys
• Includes paired descriptive statements to identify organisms
Classification Keys
Scientists use these keys to help them identify organisms
1st Statement
2nd Statement
Classification Tables
• has columns and rows with information
Flow Charts
• design is similar to a concept map
• lines branch off from given traits
Branch Diagram
• looks similar to a tree branch
• Listed traits apply to all those organisms that come
after