SPEECH ORGANIZATIONSPEECH ORGANIZATION

Selecting a topicSelecting a topic

Subject - a broad area of knowledgeSubject - a broad area of knowledge

Topic- some specific aspect of a subjectTopic- some specific aspect of a subject

Identifying subjectsIdentifying subjects What a subject areas are important to you?What a subject areas are important to you?

What subject areas you know something about?What subject areas you know something about?

Setting the location and occasion for a speechSetting the location and occasion for a speech

General goal- type of speechGeneral goal- type of speech

Specific goal- a complete sentence that specifies the Specific goal- a complete sentence that specifies the

exact response you want from the audience.exact response you want from the audience.

Thesis Statement- a sentence that outline the specific Thesis Statement- a sentence that outline the specific

elements of the speech that support your goal.elements of the speech that support your goal.

Topic Order- Organizing the main points of the Topic Order- Organizing the main points of the speech by categories or divisions of a subject.speech by categories or divisions of a subject.

Time/chronological Order – organizing main pts, Time/chronological Order – organizing main pts, as a sequence of ideas or events, focusing on as a sequence of ideas or events, focusing on what comes first, second, third.what comes first, second, third.

Space Order – Organizing main pts. By following Space Order – Organizing main pts. By following a spatial or geographic progression.a spatial or geographic progression.

Logical reasons order – organizing main pts. Logical reasons order – organizing main pts. With statements that indicate why the audience With statements that indicate why the audience should believe something or behave in a should believe something or behave in a particular way.particular way.

Goal of an IntroductionGoal of an Introduction

get attentionget attention

set off the tone of a speechset off the tone of a speech

create a bond of goodwillcreate a bond of goodwill

establish credibilityestablish credibility

lead into content of speechlead into content of speech

Types of introductionsTypes of introductions

startling statementstartling statement

rhetorical questionsrhetorical questions

storystory

personal referencespersonal references

quotequote

suspensesuspense

Types of conclusionsTypes of conclusionsSummarySummary

StoriesStories

Appeal to action- describes behaviors you Appeal to action- describes behaviors you want your listeners to follow.want your listeners to follow.

Emotional impactEmotional impact

Gathering Ideas and MaterialsGathering Ideas and Materials

Taking Too Long to Get to the PointIncluding Irrelevant MaterialLeaving Out Necessary InformationGetting Ideas Mixed Up

Common Organizational ProblemsCommon Organizational Problems

Gathering Ideas and MaterialsGathering Ideas and Materials

I. IntroductionA. Attention getterB. Thesis

II. BodyA.B. (no more than five main points)C.Etc.

III. ConclusionA. ReviewB. Closing statement

Sample Outline for an Effective PresentationSample Outline for an Effective Presentation

Organizing the BodyOrganizing the Body

Identify Main Points and SubpointsChoose the Best Organizational Pattern

ChronologicalSpatialTopicalCause-EffectProblem-Solution

Organizing the BodyOrganizing the BodyFigure 11-2: A logic tree illustrates the relationship between the Figure 11-2: A logic tree illustrates the relationship between the

thesis, main points, and subpoints.thesis, main points, and subpoints.

Organizing the BodyOrganizing the Body

Main Points Should be Stated as ClaimsAll Points Should Develop the ThesisA Presentation Should Contain No More

than Five Main PointsEach Main Point Should Contain Only

One IdeaMain Points Should be Parallel in

Structure Whenever Possible

Rules for Main PointsRules for Main Points

Planning the IntroductionPlanning the Introduction

Capture the Listener’s AttentionGive Your Audience a Reason to ListenSet the Proper Tone for the Topic and

SettingEstablish Your QualificationsIntroduce Your Thesis and Preview Your

Presentation

Functions of the IntroductionFunctions of the Introduction

Planning the IntroductionPlanning the Introduction

Ask a QuestionTell a StoryPresent a QuotationMake a Startling StatementRefer to the AudienceRefer to the OccasionUse Humor

Types of Opening StatementsTypes of Opening Statements

Planning the ConclusionPlanning the Conclusion

The ReviewThe Closing Statement

Functions of the ConclusionFunctions of the Conclusion

Planning the ConclusionPlanning the Conclusion

Return to the Theme of Your Opening Statement

Appeal for ActionEnd with a Challenge

Types of Closing StatementsTypes of Closing Statements

Adding TransitionsAdding Transitions

Functions of TransitionsFunctions of Transitions

They Promote ClarityThey Emphasize Important IdeasThey Keep Listeners Interested

Adding TransitionsAdding Transitions

Characteristics of Effective TransitionsCharacteristics of Effective Transitions

They Refer to Both Preceding and Upcoming Ideas

A Bridge to Get Listeners From One Point to Another