Spain during the 15th-16th Century

By: Abel de Luna

Early Modern Europe

- The early 15th century shows the start of formulation of modern politics.

- 1517: start of the Protestant Reformation. This caused people to separate from the Roman Church and start their own church.

-During these times religion was a major decisive factor separating countries and at times a cause of war.

- This era is described as the age of religious wars.

The Anglo-Spanish War 1585-1604- The Anglo-Spanish war was a War waged between Spain and England

- The cause of the war can be related to sinking of several Spanish ships by English privateers during the San Juan de Ulúa battles in Veracruz, Mexico

- England wanted to break up Spain's monopoly on the Atlantic trade.

- Several Spanish treasure ships would be detained before they would be able to supply their army in the Netherlands

The Anglo-Spanish War 1585-1604

- In 1585, the treaty of Nonsuch was signed. This was mistaken by he King of Spain as a declaration of war.

- In 1587 Queen Marry is overturned and executed.

- In retaliation, Spain plans on an invasion of England.

The Spanish Armada

- The Spanish Armada was a fleet assembled by King Philip II with intentions to overthrow Queen Elizabeth I.

-The fleet consisted of roughly; 22 Galleons 108 Armed merchant vessels 8,000 Soldiers 18,000 Sailors

Spanish Invasion

- The invasion of the Armada did not go as well as Spain had planned.

- The first stop for the Armada was in the Netherlands where they would receive addition soldiers.

- English ships had positioned themselves to attack the Spanish Armada before they would be able to dock. Forcing them to sail north and around Scotland.

- The Spanish Armada would face the loss of many ships and lives from stormy weathers.

Later Wars

- With the crushing loss of the Spanish Armada, the Spanish rebuilt their navy using the remaining ships to build a navy consisting of 12Galleons.

-This new Navy would be called The Twelve Apostles.

- These ships would later on fight back from an English ambush and capture their flag ship.

- With the Spanish moral back up, English ships began to see defeat after defeat from the Spanish navy.

End of the War- This war would not end until 1604.

- By 1601 The Spanish had accepted terms of surrender after a defeat from England at Kinsale.

- Spain's allies, Ireland, would continue to fight against England until the death of Queen Elizabeth I

- James I took the throne afterwords and took it upon himself to negotiate peace with Spain.

-The treaty would be called The Treaty of London and would conclude the Anglo-Spanish War.

Bibliography

- http://www.Wikipedia.org - http://www.militaryhistory.about.com - http://BBC.co.uk

- The Spanish Armada by Colin Martin and Geoffrey Parker