SOURCES OF ENERGY

Balraj Shukla

Conventional Sources of energy

Fossil fuels: Fossil fuels are non-renewable and

conventional sources of energy. They were formed millions of years ago and that too in limited reserves. When we burn them, oxides of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur are released which cause acid rain. This acid rain affects our water and soil resources. Fossil fuels also cause air pollution. Fossil fuels are also used for generating electricity. Thermal power plants are used to transmit electricity when fuel is burnt.

Biomass: Biomass is commonly plant matter grown to

generate electricity or produce heat. Biogas is produced by anaerobic digestion or

fermentation of biodegradable materials such as biomass, manure, sewage, municipal waste, green waste, plant material and energy crops. This type of biogas comprises primarily methane and carbon dioxide.

Bio-gas tubes

Wind Energy: Wind power is the conversion of wind energy

into a useful form of energy, such as using wind turbines to make electricity, wind mills for mechanical power, wind pumps for pumping water or drainage.

A windmill generates electricity by the use of motion. When wind pushes the blades a shaft rotates inside which builds up friction which is then regulated to electrical current and can be used in whatever ways are needed depending on the size of the windmill tells you how much electrical current can be produced.

Wind Farm

Non- Conventional Sources of Energy

Solar Energy: Solar radiation, along with secondary solar-powered

resources such as wind and wave power, hydroelectricity and biomass, account for most of the available renewable energy on earth.

A solar panel is used to generate electricity using

solar energy. A solar panel contains solar cells that play a major role in this energy conversion.

Solar Panel

Solar cooker is a device that uses solar energy for cooking purpose. In a solar cooker ,adjust the cooker in such a way that the reflecting mirror faces the sun and the reflected rays fall on the transparent glass lid. Tighten the position fixing hinges of the mirror in this position. Open the glass lid of the solar cooker, place the cooking pots inside it and close the lid properly. Once the cooking pots have been placed inside the cooker the lid should not be opened.

Solar Cooker

Tidal Energy: Energy that is obtained by difference in sea

levels due to high and low tides mainly due to the gravitational pull of the moon is called tidal energy. This energy can be converted into electrical energy.

Conversion of tidal energy into electrical energy

Wave Energy: The kinetic energy produced by huge waves is

called wave energy. This energy can be also converted into electrical energy.

Conversion of wave energy into electrical energy

Ocean thermal energy: Ocean thermal energy is obtained by the

difference created due to hot water on the surface and cold water deep inside. Steam is created due to this and that particular area is known as hot spring. This energy is also used to generate electricity with the help of the steam created.

Production of ocean thermal energy thermal energy

Geothermal energy: Geothermal energy is the heat from the Earth.

Sometimes by the pushing up of molten rocks to the hot regions hot spots and and this am is generate created. When underground water comes in contact with the hot spot, steam is generated and these are known as hot springs. With the help of the steam generated, electricity can be produced. The cost of generating Electricity won’t be more. Number of power plants based on geothermal energy are operational in New Zealand and USA.

Geo Thermal Energy

Nuclear Energy: Nuclear energy is produced in two different ways:

Nuclear Fission: In nuclear fission, the nuclei of atoms are split,

causing energy to be released. The atomic bomb and nuclear reactors work by fission. The element uranium is the main fuel used to undergo nuclear fission to produce energy since it has many favorable properties. Also, once a uranium nucleus is split, multiple neutrons are released which are used to split other uranium nuclei. This phenomenon is known as a chain reaction.

Nuclear fusion the nuclei of atoms are joined together, or fused. This happens only under very hot conditions.. The hydrogen bomb, humanity's most powerful and destructive weapon, also works by fusion. The heat required to start the fusion reaction is so great that an atomic bomb is used to provide it. Hydrogen nuclei fuse to form helium and in the process release huge amount of energy thus producing a huge explosion.

Nuclear

Power

Plant

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