InternationalSoroptimist

Club Kuwait

www.SIQ8.orgInfo@SIQ8.orgSoroptimist Kuwaitsoroptimistkuwaitwww.SoroptimistInternational.orgwww.Soroptimisteurope.org

Welcome to theInaugural Charter Event for the

Soroptimist International Club KuwaitFriday October 23, 2015

Soroptimist International of Europe (SIE):Maria Elisabetta de Franciscis PresidentGerda Rosiers Chairperson, Extension CommitteeZohra Turki GodmotherSaida Fitouri Godmother

In the presence of:Ann Garvie Soroptimist International Immediate Past President

And several officers of Soroptimist International of Europe:Renata Trottman Probst President ElectUlla Madsen Immediate Past PresidentMaria Luisa Frosio Chairperson, Scholarship Committee

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Welcome!

Kuwait National Anthem

Maria Elisabetta de Franciscis, President of Soroptimist International of Europe (SIE) welcomes Distinguished Kuwaiti women leaders

H.E. Hind Al-Sabeeh, Minister of Social Affairs and Labor and Minister of Planning and DevelopmentProfessor/Dr. Massouma Al-Mubarak, 1st Woman Minister and MP

Candle Ceremony conducted by Maria Elisabetta de FranciscisCandles lit by Dr. Stacey Al-Ghawas, Maria Elisabetta de Franciscis, Ula Madsen, and Ann Garvie

Maria Elisabetta de Franciscis presents Charter to the SI Club Kuwait’s designated President Dr. Stacey Al-Ghawas

Godmothers Zohra Turki and Dr. Saida Fitouri introduce SI Club Kuwait members

Roll Call of Soroptimist Clubs present by Gerda Rosiers, Chairperson, Extension Committee

Welcome by Anne Simon, Executive Director, Soroptimist International Europe

Greetings by Ann Garvie, SI Immediate Past President

Dr. Stacey Al-Ghawas speaks on behalf of SI Club Kuwait

Mae Al-Hajjaj speaks on SI Club Kuwait’s Thalassemia Awareness Project

SI Club Kuwait exchanges greetings from visiting SIE Clubs

Buffet is Open

The Masters of Ceremony for the evening are Vice Presidents Dr. Hanan Al-Mutawa and Dr. Linda Fouke

Charter Event ProgramFriday, October 23rd, 2015Jumeirah Messilah Beach Hotel and SpaMessilah Ballroom 1

The Soroptimist International Club of Kuwait currently has 28 professional women who are dedicating their time and energy towards building a brighter future for the women and children living in Kuwait.

SI Club Kuwait Founding Members

Board Members

Dr. Stacey Al-GhawasPresident

Business Development, Corporate Trainer,

Business Owner

Dr. Hanan Al-MutawaVice President

Educational Services, Business Owner

Dr. Linda FoukeVice PresidentPrincipal, Special

Needs School

Rasha Khalil OthmanSecretary

Senior Vice President, Corporate Finance

Dr. Amar BehbehaniProgram Director

Professor, Art Psychotherapist

Dr. Nowall Al-SayeghTreasurer

Asst. Professor, Physical Therapy

Mae Al-HajjajExtension Officer

Librarian

Antonella FanellliAssistant Program

DirectorInterior Designer

Patricia Al-EneziConstitution &

By-Laws OfficerOperations Manager

Laila Al-QatamiPublic Relations

ChairwomanCommunications

Specialist

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Members

Dr. Alanoud Al-SharekhHuman Rights Activist

Cheri Al-ArfajOccupational Therapist

Kalthoum Awad Head Mistress Kuwaiti

Girls High School

Amal Al-BahraniSenior Advisor, Real Estate

Investment

Cynthia AbdulelahAssistant Manager,

Banking

May DaherSocial Worker

Aysen Eser Real Estate Broker

Meltem Salmeen Import/Export Business

Owner

Balsam Al-AyoubWomen’s Sports Advocate,

Professional athlete

Dr. Iman Al-BasiriPediatric Endocrinologist

Shaikha/Bibi S. Al-SabahDirector of Health and

Lifestyle

Nefise Koc Office Manager for Travel

Agency

Dr. Joanne HandsClinical Psychologist

Dr. Noora Al-Nouri Psychiatrist

Virginia BastakiEnglish as a Second Language Instructor

Fay Al-TukhaimGlobal Standards,

Banking

Eng. Sawsan HammoudahUniversity Instructor, Civil

Engineer

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Hala Al-NajjarUniversity Instructor and

Course Coordinator

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The name Soroptimist was coined from the Latin soror meaning sister, and optima meaning best. Soroptimist is perhaps best interpreted as ‘the best for women’. The first Soroptimist club was founded in Oakland, California, in 1921.

The Founding President was Violet Richardson Ward. In the first constitution, the purpose of the organization was “to foster the spirit of service as the basis of all worthy enterprises and to increase the efficiency by its members in the pursuit of their occupations by broadening their interest in the social, business, and civic affairs of the community through an association of women representing different occupations.“

That first club met weekly, debating service projects and hearing speakers on various worldwide issues that would broaden members’ horizons. Their first project was to ‘Save the Redwoods’ – the great ancient trees which were being cut down for timber. They lobbied the California State legislature, took on powerful lumber companies, and won the support of the public. The result: a major portion of the forest was set aside as protected land and still exists today.

Soroptimist = Soror + OptimaBest For Women

Dr. Suzanne NöelParis, France

Dr. Nöel was one of the first physicians to practice esthetic surgery. Trained in obstetrics and gynecology, her interest in esthetic surgery happened in 1912 when she met a famous actress who had been in an automobile accident. The actress had been operated on in Chicago and appeared much younger than before. Impressed by these surgical practices, she was determined to undertake esthetic surgery. After the personal tragedy of losing her only daughter to the Spanish Flu and the early death of her husband by drowning, Dr. Nöel became a vocal advocate for women’s rights.

In 1924 Dr. Noel founded the Paris chapter of Soroptimist International, the first European chapter. Dr. Nöel used her worldwide lecturing series to disseminate the Soroptimist concept, prompting the establishment of clubs all over Europe. She later became the first President of the European Federation. She promoted many European Clubs in China and Japan and was highly decorated for her devotion to society and her contributions to the 1914-1918 war. In 1928 she received the French Medal of Honor.

Soroptimist International of Europe (SIE)

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What is Soroptimist International?Soroptimist International is a worldwide service organization for women. We are committed to a world where women and girls together achieve their individual and collective potential, realize aspirations and have an equal voice in creating strong, peaceful communities worldwide.

Over 3,000 Soroptimist International clubs, 80,000 members in 132 countries and territories work to Educate, Empower, and Enable opportunities for women and girls in their communities and beyond.

We are proud to be bringing this organization to Kuwait through the Chartering of the Soroptimist International Club Kuwait.

(for further details please see www. Soroptimisteurope.org and www.soroptimistinternational.org)

Vision

Soroptimist International is committed to a world where women and girls work together to:

Achieve their individual and collective potential•Realize aspirations•Have an equal voice in creating strong, peaceful communities •worldwide

Mission

Soroptimists inspire action and create opportunities to transform the lives of women and girls through a global network of members and international partnerships.

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Global Action

Soroptimist clubs undertake a wide range of projects depending on local need but the following objectives underpin our work:

1. Increasing access to formal and non-formal learning opportunities.2. Improving access to economic empowerment and sustainable

opportunities for the employment of women.3. Eliminating violence against women and girls and ensuring women’s

participation in conflict resolution.4. Ensuring women and girls have food security and access to the

highest attainable standards of health care.5. Addressing the specific needs of women and girls by

improving environmental sustainability and mitigating effects of climate change and disasters.

Global Voice

Soroptimist International works with international networks and partners, such as the United Nations and its agencies, the Commonwealth, and the Association for Women’s Rights in Development (AWID), to ensure that the needs of women and girls are represented in global policy and agenda-setting.

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Soroptimist International is active in all the major UN centers around the world

SI holds General Consultative Status with the UN Economic and Social Council, (ECOSOC) and official relations with several agencies and technical bodies and a network of permanent SI representatives at all of the major UN centers:

UN Women (the UN Entity for Gender Equality and the •Empowerment of Women), New York.

Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), New York.•

Commission on the Status of Women (CSW), New York.•

Committee on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination •Against Women (CEDAW), New York.

Department of Public Information Non-Governmental •Organizations (DPI/NGO), New York.

World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva.•

Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), •Geneva.

Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), •Geneva.

International Labor Organization (ILO), Geneva.•

Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and the UN World Food •Program (WFP), Rome.

UN Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), Vienna.•

UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), Vienna.•

UN Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), •Paris.

UN Environmental Program (UNEP), Nairobi.•

Conference of NGOs in Consultative Relationship with the UN.•

Organization and Structure

SI Soroptimist International (SI) is made up of four Federations

•SoroptimistInternationaloftheAmericas(SIA)

•SoroptimistInternationalofEurope(SIE)

SI Club Kuwait

•SoroptimistInternationalofGreatBritainandIreland(SIGBI)

•SoroptimistInternationalofSouthWestPacific(SISWP)

Sl Club Kuwait

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SI Club Kuwait is grateful for the support of our Sponsors whose generosity will help us launch and sustain important projects to enable us to achieve the Mission and Vision of SI in Kuwait.

Sponsors :

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SI Club Kuwait’s Thalassemia Awareness project was initiated to •meet the Soroptimist International’s Mission “To ensure women and girls have access to the highest attainable standards of healthcare”.

As our first project, SI Club Kuwait chose to raise awareness about •the health issue Thalassemia, an inherited blood disorder that primarily affects people from the Mediterranean and Middle East. Project Chairwoman Mae Al-Hajjaj, organized a delegation of SI Club Kuwait members who participated in the Kuwait Women Doctors’ International Women’s Day event held at Bayt Lothan in March, 2015.

May 8th is International Thalassemia Day, a worldwide awareness •day and the SI Club Kuwait group distributed information and met with visitors to explain this inherited blood disease and to refer them to the International Thalassemia website. Thalassemia is prevalent in Kuwait and the countries of the GCC, with many people unaware that they are carriers and thus passing the disease on to their children. Persons afflicted with Thalassemia can face a range of health issues from mild to serious anemia requiring life-long blood transfusions and special care.

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SI Club Kuwait’s Thalassemia Awareness Project

What is Thalassemia?

Thalassemia is a blood disorder that causes anemia. Anemia means that you do not have enough healthy red blood cells or enough normal hemoglobin in the red blood cells to carry oxygen and bring it to the rest of the body.

Thalassemia is caused by a genetic mutation that creates abnormal hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is made up of two proteins, alpha globin and beta globin. If the body cannot make enough of these two proteins or their structure is abnormal, the red blood cells cannot carry oxygen properly.

How is it diagnosed?

Thalassemia is inherited; that is, it is passed from parents to children through their genes. A child who inherits a thalassemia gene from one parent and a normal gene from the other parent is a carrier. Carriers often have few or no signs of illness, but they can pass the thalassemia gene on to their children. People with moderate to severe forms of the disorder received faulty genes from both parents and they will exhibit serious symptoms such as severe anemia, discoloration of the teeth due to high iron storage, and abnormal bone formation.

To diagnose the disease, healthcare providers need to know the child’s symptoms, and a family history that includes testing the blood of family members. A genetic analysis will help to determine the severity of the disease and recommended treatment.

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How Soroptimist Help

Soroptimist International advocates supporting health-related projects such as the building and refurbishing of hospitals, the provision of medical supplies, nurse/midwife training, tests/screening for specific illnesses around the world.

Soroptimist International’s priorities in the area of health also include reducing some of the causes of child mortality such as malnutrition, water-borne diseases, and access to primary healthcare.

As a Global voice for women, Soroptimists lobby actively for improved healthcare at the local and national levels in various countries and communities, and promote education on reproductive health and rights.

Objectives of the SI Club Kuwait Thalassemia Awareness Project:

To raise awareness of the plight of thalassemia patients•

To enhance the quality of life for those impacted by thalassemia •

To advocate on behalf of thalassemia patients and their families•

Goals of the SI Club Kuwait Thalassemia Awareness Project:

To provide a Thalassemia Center to help patients receive their •regular blood transfusions and manage their chronic iron overload

To promote blood drives•

To raise awareness for organ and bone marrow donations•

To set up a website to receive donations for the Thalassemia •Awareness program

To create support groups for parents and families of thalassemia •patients

To work together with other health-related organizations in Kuwait•

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Albania•Anguilla•Argentina•Armenia•Australia•Austria•Bangladesh•Barbados•Belgium•Benin•Bolivia•Bosnia Herzegovina•Brazil•Bulgaria•Burkina Faso•Cambodia•Cameroon•Canada•Chile•Colombia•Croatia•Curaçao and Sint Maarten (the •Netherlands)Cyprus•Czech Republic•Denmark•Dominican Republic•Ecuador•Egypt•Estonia•Ethiopia•Fiji•Finland•France•French Guiana (FRA) (French •overseas department)French Polynesia (French •overseas department)Gambia•Georgia•Germany•Ghana•Greece•Grenada•Guadeloupe (FRA) (French •overseas department) Guam•

Guernsey•Guinea•Haiti•Hong Kong SAR (Special •Administrative Region) ChinaHungary•Iceland•India•Indonesia•Isle of Man•Israel•Italy•Ivory Coast•Jamaica•Japan•Jersey•Kenya•Kosovo•KUWAIT•Latvia•Liechtenstein•Lithuania•Luxembourg•Madagascar•Malawi•Malaysia•Mali•Malta•Martinique (FRA) (French •overseas department)Mauritius•Mexico•Moldova•Monaco•Mongolia•Morocco•Nepal•Netherlands•New Caledonia (FRA) (French •overseas department)New Zealand•Nigeria•Northern Mariana Islands•Norway•Pakistan•Panama•Papua New Guinea•

Paraguay•Peru•Philippines•Poland•Portugal•Puerto Rico•Republic of Ireland•Republic of South Africa•Reunion (FRA) (French •overseas department)Romania•Russia•Rwanda•Samoa•San Marino•Senegal•Seychelles•Sierra Leone•Singapore•Slovakia•Slovenia•Solomon Islands•South Korea•Spain•Sri Lanka•St Vincent & The Grenadines•Surinam (the Netherlands)•Sweden•Switzerland•Taiwan•Tanzania•Thailand• The Former Yugoslav Republic •of Macedonia (FYROM) Togo• Trinidad & Tobago•Tunisia•Turkey•Turks & Caicos Islands•Uganda•Ukraine•United Arab Emirates•United Kingdom of Great •Britain and Northern IrelandUnited States of America•Venezuela•Zimbabwe•

List of Countries and Territories with Soroptimist International Clubs

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Sl Club Kuwait President Stacey Al-Ghawas and Vice President Linda Fouke

Sl Club Kuwait President Stacey Al-Ghawas and SIE PresidentMaria Elisabetta de Franciscis

20th Soroptimist InternationalConvention

Istanbul July 9 - 12, 2015

Ann Garvie, SI President, led the Soroptimist International Convention, which under the theme “Educate to Lead” welcomed over 1500 guests

and more than 90 speakers in Istanbul

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H.E. Hend Subaih Barrak Al-Subeih Minister of Social Affairs and LaborMinister of State for Planning and Development

Her Excellency Mrs. Hind Sabeeh Al-Sabeeh was assistant undersecretary of Civil Service Commission in 2007.

In 2008, she was Secretary General Of The Retructuring Program for Workforce and Executives of The State of Kuwait.

In 2012 she was the Managing Director Of The Kuwait Industrial Union.

Professor/ Dr. Massouma Al-MubarakProfessor of Political ScienceFormer Minister and MP

Dr. Massouma Al-Mubarak is the first woman to hold the post of minister in the history of the State of Kuwait and the first female representative in the Kuwaiti parliament. She was the Minister of Planning and State Minister for Administrative Development Affairs. Dr. Al-Mubarak has held several academic posts, including the Head of the Political Science Faculty at the University of Kuwait (2001–2002).

She is member of several committees and associations, including the Assessment Committee at the Ministry of Information and the National Council for Culture, Arts and Letters; Kuwait University’s Faculty Association; Graduates Society; Economists Society; Journalists Society; Kuwaiti Women’s Cultural Society; the Human Rights Society of Kuwait; the Kuwaiti Human Rights Committee and the Kuwaiti Women’s Issues Committee.

Biographies :

Minister Of Social Affirs And Labour&Minister Of State For Planning &Development.

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Maria Elisabetta de FranciscisSIE PresidentSI Caserta, ItalyMember since 1993 Maria Elisabetta de Franciscis is an Associate Professor in the Department of Political Sciences of the Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II where she teaches Comparative Public Law, American Constitutional Law and Comparative Constitutional Law. She holds a Master Degree from the Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II and a Master Degree and a Ph.D. from The University of Connecticut.

As SIE President, Maria Elisabetta is a voting member of Soroptimist International. Investing in Education is the theme of her biennium with a special focus to narrowing the gap between women and STEM.

Dr. Stacey Al-GhawasPresident, SI Club Kuwait

Stacey Al-Ghawas is a business development executive and business owner with over 25 years of experience working in the medical, restaurant franchise, real estate and health and beauty sectors in Kuwait. She is an adjunct professor at the American University of Kuwait (AUK) where she teaches a course on academic success and personal development. As a US certified Dale Carnegie instructor, Stacey is committed to coaching and mentoring emerging leaders and entrepreneurs through the Center for Continuing Education at AUK.

Over 40 years ago, Stacey served as the past president of the “S” Club, a high school girls’ club sponsored by Soroptimist in her home town of Manhattan Beach, California. Today she is fulfilling a lifelong goal of establishing the first Soroptimist International Club of Kuwait (SI Club Kuwait) when it is Chartered on October 23rd, 2015. Stacey holds a PhD in Physiology/Cell Biology from the University of California at Santa Barbara (UCSB), a Master of Science in Physiology/Cell Biology from the University of Akron, Ohio and a Bachelor of Art Degree in Biology from UCSB, USA.

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Ann GarvieSoroptimist InternationalImmediate Past President, SI Glasglow City, UK

After many years with Greater Glasgow Health Board, Ann Garvie became Director and General Manager of a private health care provider. Currently, in partnership with her brother, Ann is Director of a building and property company, specialising in the design and construction of eco-friendly homes in the west of Scotland. Additionally working as a voluntary business mentor with Scottish Enterprise, Ann is committed to the development of young entrepreneurs and passionate about the delivery of high ethical standards in business, and fairness within society.

Ann was inspired at the age of 23 by fellow Scot, Past International President, Catherine Salt and joined Soroptimist International. Ann’s thinking was that unless like-minded women championed the plight of women and girls - no one else would be inspired. Ann remains passionate about advocating for gender equality. The goal, through education for all women, girls, men and boys, is to eradicate violence against women and girls, and all atrocities which blight society. During her Presidency, Ann Garvie led the Soroptimist International Convention, which under the theme “Educate to Lead” welcomed over 1500 guests and more than 90 speakers in Istanbul.

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Renata Trottmann ProbstSIE President Elect SI Zug, SwitzerlandMember since 1995

Renata Trottmann Probst founded her own consulting firm in 2008. Her firm provides legal advice to an international clientele in matters related to real estate.

Renata has over 20 years of professional experience working in international banks, including 10 years at UBS AG in Zurich. At UBS, Renata held various executive positions, including serving as Head of the Management Office of Global Private Banking. Prior to this, Renata was in charge of Human Resources for Continental Europe at the Investment Banking Division of UBS. Before joining UBS, she worked for a smaller bank where she was responsible for all non-banking transaction areas of the business, such as Legal, Human Resources, and Office Management.

Renata holds a Master’s degree in Law from Bern University, Switzerland, and a Master of Laws from the Institute of Comparative Law at McGill University in Montreal, Canada. She further developed her leadership and management skills through Senior Executive Programmes at Columbia University in New York and Steinbeis University in Berlin.Renata is Soroptimist International of Europe’s President Elect for the 2015-2017 biennium. As such, Renata is responsible for supporting the President of SIE and for overseeing the development of two Strategic Goals, Programme and Advocacy. She also acts as Chair of the Peace Prize committee. As President Elect of SIE, Renata is also a voting member of Soroptimist International.

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Ulla MadsenSIE Immediate Past President SI Kastrup-Taarnby, DenmarkMember since 1992 Ulla Madsen, SIE President 2013-2015, works as the Head of Efficiency improvement and Rationalization in Denmark for Svenska Handelsbanken, one of the largest banks in the Nordic countries and one of the strongest banks in Europe. Previously, she worked as a Senior Advisor and Risk Manager in Handelsbanken and held leadership positions in branch management for Forstaedernes Bank Limited. Ulla holds a Master’s degree in Management and a Bachelor’s of Commerce in Organisation and Marketing.

During President Maria Elisabetta’s Biennium, Ulla will manage the Action Fund. She is a voting member of Soroptimist International.

Gerda RosiersSIE Chairperson, Extension Committee SI Vise, Belgium

Gerda worked 10 years as manager of the store for the Belgian military in Germany. She worked for 20 years as a project manager for an Engineering firm specialized in sugar and edible oil & fats refining and sustainable fuels combustion technologies such as biomass, wind turbines, Bio-Diesel, Bio-Ethanol and Co-generation systems.

Since 2000 Gerda is a member of Soroptimist International of Belgium, Club Visé. In 2012-2014 she was the President of the Belgian Union of Soroptimist International and an active member of the Advisory Council SIE “Violence against Women”.

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Maria Luisa FrosioSIE Chairperson, Scholarship CommitteeSI Milano Scala, Italy

Maria Luisa Frosio holds a degree in Education (summa cum laude). In addition to her long career in teaching as University professor, she is the Secretary of the Accademia Ambrosiana in Milan; a founding member and member of the Board of a Scholarship foundation.

Maria Luisa was honored Cavaliere (Knight) dell’Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana for her work in the Educational and Social fields. Maria Luisa Frosio is a strong believer in education as a right for all, not only through formal and informal education, but also through vocational training and life-long learning.

Maria Luisa is an active member of the Advisory Council SIE “Violence against Women”.

Zohra TurkiGodmother of SI Club KuwaitFounding President of SI Club Tunis

Zohra Turki holds a degree in English Literature. In •addition to her long career in teaching English at the University of Tunisia, she was the principal of a student house for 35 years.

In 2002, she was honored the Order Merit of the national •education.

In 2006-2008, Zohra Turki was the founding President of •the first SI Club in Tunisia, Club Tunis Fondateur. She is the Godmother of the second SI Club in Tunisia, Club Tunis Ariana and also the Godmother of SI Club Kuwait.

She is the treasurer of her club and the initiator of the •“FEE” project in Tunisia, Femme, Enfant, Eau: Woman, Child, Water.

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Saida Fitouri Godmother of SI Club KuwaitPast President SI Club Tunis Ariana

Doctor specialist in labor medicine •

General Inspector in the National Health Insurance•

Member of the Association Against Epilepsy•

Conducts and participates in campaigns for prevention •and fight against AIDS , breast cancer, lung cancer and fight against smoking , sanitary education.

Member of Soroptimist International since 2008•

SI Club Tunis Ariana•- Member at the founding board- Past President (2010-2012)- Treasurer of the club

Member of the Task Force SIFAF (SI Future African •Federation)- Vice Chair North Africa (2012 – 2016)- Member at the board of directors SIFAF- Member at the steering committee of the Panafrican Conference in Madagascar (March 2016)

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Anne SimonSIE Executive Director, SI Geneva, Switzerland

Anne Simon has over twenty years of experience in management consulting, strategy design, global communication, external affairs and C-Suite counselling. Prior to joining Soroptimist International of Europe as its Executive Director, Anne worked with PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) in several countries, leading major consulting projects for international clients in the area of thought-leadership, positioning strategies, and socioeconomic studies.

As Director of the PwC Middle East Intelligence and Research Unit for several years, she specialised in designing strategic research programs, methods and surveys for both the private and public sectors and conducted major socio-economic researches in the area of economic development, education and gender.

Prior to Dubai, Anne Simon worked in New York as the Director of PwC Global External Affairs leading numerous partnerships including those with the World Economic Forum and Davos, the TransAtlantic Business Dialogue (TABD), the UN Global Compact, WBCSD etc.

Amongst other publications, she is the co-author of the Arab Women Leadership Outlook 2009-2011, a pioneer report on issues and challenges facing Arab Women. She earned a Bachelor’s in Economics and an MSc in Public Policy and Management at the University of London (SOAS). Anne is a member of the SI Club Geneva-Rhône.