sond proof construction

8/10/2019 Sond Proof Construction

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Sound proofingSoundproofing is any means of reducing

the sound pressure with respect to aspecified sound source and receptor.There are several basic approaches to

reducing sound:increasing the distance between source

and receiver, using noise barriers to reflect or absorb theenergy of the sound waves, using damping structures such as soundbaffles, or using active antinoisesoundgenerators

anechoic chamber

Sound proofing panel


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Two distinct soundproofing problems may needto be considered when designing acoustictreatments

to improve the sound within a room (Seeanechoic chamber), and reduce sound leakage to/from adjacent

rooms or outdoors. Acoustic quieting, noise mitigation, and noisecontrol can be used to limit unwanted noise.

Soundproofing can suppress unwanted indirectsound waves such as reflections that causeechoes and resonances that causereverberation.

Soundproofing can reduce the transmission ofunwanted direct sound waves from the

source to an involuntary listener through theuse of distance and intervening objects in thesound path

Sound proofing foam


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ACOUSTICAL TRANSMISSIONOF SOUND

When the design goal is to isolate one room from the sounds created within adjacent spaces,there are typically three types of sound transmission that need to be addressed.

Airborne transmission sound is the movement of air pressure waves that creates vibrations when striking a solid

surface. When referring to a wall partition that separates one space from another, thesurface that is located on the source side will induce vibrations once struck and transfer itsmovement to the opposite side.

Impact transmission The direct impact between two masses creates a vibration on the surface that is thentransferred through the medium to the adjacent surfaces via contact points.

Flanking transmission This occurs when vibrations transfer to adjacent spaces through paths or routes other than

that of the building system. Examples of this include inadequate seals between wall andceiling, glass and mullions, poorly fitted or undercut doors and openings at unfittedelectrical outlet boxes.


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ELEMENTS OFSOUNDPROOFING

Decoupling Decoupling is the removal

of direct contact betweencomponents within abuilding system to preventsound vibrations frompassing from one space toanother.

By separating thebuilding components,each time the waveencounters a breakbetween adjacentsurfaces the wavesenergy is weakened andits transfer of noise isreduced.


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Absorption Absorption is the function of a materialthat collects the energy of the sound wave

upon contact and then changes thatenergy into heat. As the wavesattenuation (loss of intensity) increases,the amount of vibrations being transferredwill be reduced.Massing

In order for sound to transfer through afloor, partition or ceiling, it must have theability to move or vibrate that surface. Byadding to the mass of a medium, theamount of vibration transferred is reducedbecause as the

weight of a medium increases, its ability tomove decreases.


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Damping Damping is the separation of two rigid

materials with the insertion of a flexiblematerial that provides the ability topartially absorb the energy of a soundwave.

One common material used is aviscoelastic polymer, typically placedbetween two layers of gypsum board or

within a floor underlayment system. The properties of a viscoelastic

polymer are similar to that of a thinlayer of rubber that reflects the force itencounters.

However, a viscoelastic polymer alsohas the ability to absorb wave energyand dissipate it as heat.


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SOLUTIONS

FLOORING (Impact Noise) A floating floor system, acoustical

carpet and/or a flooringunderlayment can be used to

reduce unwanted soundtransmission, typically transferredby impact noise.

Materials such as nylon, wool,rubber, natural cork, mass loadedvinyl, rigid foam board and gypsumconcrete are options to combatthese noises.


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Carpet Carpet is a floor finish typically chosen for its appearance and durability, but when properly

selected it also has the ability to absorb both airborne and impact transmissions. A standard carpet is composed of a finish material, typically nylon, olefin, polyester or wool

or a blend of these; structural backing; and the optional addition of padding placed directly onthe subfloor.

The qualities that the exposed fibers provide are similar to those of sound insulation,absorbing the airborne noise waves and converting the sound energy into heat.


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In addition, the carpet surface lacks rigidity and absorbs much of the impactvibrations before they are transferred to the structureCarpet backing is composed of two layers. The primary layer is a course material to

which the fibers of the carpet are woven or tufted.

The second is a smoother, semi-rigid material that is placed on the structure belowto provide a barrier from moisture, bacteria and mold.If additional soundproofing is required, carpet padding can be placed between thecarpet backing and subfloor surface. The flexible padding separates the semi-rigidcarpet backing and the structural subflooring and, in doing so, reduces the path ofimpact noise by damping the transmission.


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Rubb er Under laym ent

Similar to the viscoelastic polymer used in wallpartitions, the placement of a resilientunderlayment works best when installedbetween two rigid surfaces.

With a standard thickness of 5mm (1/4") the

rubber material is placed between the structureand the subfloor above to separate the tworigid mediums.


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Dou b le Stu d

A more effective solution is the use of a double stud wall system. While thewidth of the partition increases, the use of separate floor and ceilingrunners removes all points of contact. (Figure 6)


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Doors

A hollow core door is poor at blocking soundvibrations so the use of a solid wood door or one

with an insulated core will play a larger role in thereduction of sound vibrations. The contacts between the doors and frames should

be separated with proper gaskets while fitted sealsshould be located at the head, jamb and sill.

Wi n d o w s

A single pane window is extremely vulnerable tosound vibrations so the use of a double glazed, Low-E, argon gas filled storefront window system withproper caulk and sealant located at the mullion, walland deck connections will provide a much bettersound barrier.


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CEILING SYSTEMS (Airborne,Impact & Flanking Noise)

As the third and final component of a typicalsoundproofing assembly,a ceiling system must have the ability to breakimpact noise vibrations;reflect the flanking noises that pass through wallpenetrations; andabsorb airborne noises that enter the space ateach ceiling/wall connection.Ceilings can be a suspended system hung bymetal wires or a rigidsystem attached directly to the structure above,or the structure canbe left exposed. The choice of the system mightbe based on aestheticdesires, cost limitations or acoustic balance.


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Sus pens io n Cei ling Sys tem

A drop ceiling creates an openspace, or plenum, between it andthe structure above. Its primarypurpose is to conceal pathwaysformechanical equipment and/oropen return airflows. Thesuspendedceiling is hung in a grid-likecanopy by metal hangers, metalwires and

clips that connect directly to themetal channel supports above.


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Perforated curtains and gypsum boards on walls


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Carpeting for sound absorption on floor

Studio doordarshan


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Perforated door

Perforated curtains


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