some thoughts….. using powerpoint
TRANSCRIPT
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Some thoughts…..
Using PowerPoint
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www.columbia.edu
www.mjvisual.co.uk
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PowerPoint Presentation software
Successor to the OHP
Powerful
Easy to produce terrible presentations!
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PowerPoint
Alternatives include:
Open Office Mac Keynote Prezi
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Setup carefully
Use template files: allows changes later
Decide on font, colour scheme etc
PowerPoint
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Presentation vs Show
Presentations need PowerPoint or equivalent software
Shows will run without it, but may give you less control
PowerPoint
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Embedding items
Using video or sound, save file in same directory
External links may not work
Check Internet availability/speed at venue
PowerPoint
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Technicalities....
There are a number of “dos” and “don’ts” with PowerPoint
The aims are:to make what you present as easy to read as
possibleTo highlight what is importantTo lose what isn’t
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Think about the venue..
Screen sizeProjector or LCD/Plasma screen?Ambient lightSize of roomNumber of people
What looks great on your monitor may be rubbish on the big screen
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CONTRAST
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CONTRAST
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CONTRAST
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CONTRAST
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Using a white background, and black text, can look like a piece of
printed text
Using a black background, and white text, can draw attention to some parts of the text, and looks
simple and understated
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Subtle shades can make the effect look more sophisticated
Whichever way around you prefer them!
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Colour....
Colour is great, but...For scientific presentations, don’t get too
creative
Remember some of your audience may be colour blind
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Using only a few colours can make a bigger impact than using
lots…
Unless you are trying for overkill!
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Colour combinations are important…
Some colours don’t work well together!
Remember the ’60s…
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Fonts or Typefaces..
There are thousands of fonts
Many are impossible to read on screen
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Fonts..
Keep it simple
Use a single font for most text
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Size matters.....
Trade-off: too big and you have no space
for information Too small nobody can see the
information anyway
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Rule of thumb..
Never less than 20 point
Generally between 28 point and 36 point
40 to 44 point for titles
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Images..
Images make life funEnhance the experienceBreak up the text
“A picture is worth a thousand words..”
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Images..
Copyright
Size
Quality
Contrast
Resolution
Colour balance
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Size Big enough to see the details
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Quality – contrast..
Important to visibility
Too low: Image hard to see, blurred
Too high: grainy image, loss of detail
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Too low Too highJust Right
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Quality – resolution..
Vital to detail and visibility
Pixels or dots per inch or cm
More & smaller dots = higher resolution
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Quality - resolution
300 pixels per inch 50 pixels per inch
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A price to pay..
Higher resolution = bigger file size
Bigger file size = slower presentation
Also remember email/storage issues
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Quality – resolution and file size
300 pixels per inch = 7.9 Mb 50 pixels per inch = 11 kb
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Quality – compromise
300 pixels per inch = 7.9 Mb 100 pixels per inch = 62 kb
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Quality – colour balance..
Aim for natural colour
Avoid “casting” especially for faces
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Green cast
Red cast
Blue cast
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Web images..
Images on websites offer a vast pool of choices
Many are optimised for web viewingPoor resolutionPixellation
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Thumbnail image..
gallery.photo.net
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Expanded..
gallery.photo.net
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Full size image..
gallery.photo.net
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Pixellation..
gallery.photo.net
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Copyright issues..
Most images are copyright
Illegal to reproduce them without appropriate accreditation or permission
Always credit images (unless they’re yours!)
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Graphs, tables etc..
Legibility
Only essential detail
Clarity of message
Avoid scanned figures unless really clear
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Cancer of the trachea, bronchus and lung (ICD-10 C33-C34)
NHS Region of Residence: West of Scotland1: trends in incidence 1975-1999Numbers of registrations, with crude and age-standardised incidence rates, by age and year of diagnosis
WARNING: True values for counts between 1 and 4 have been randomly adjusted to preserve confidentiality. Zeros are true zeros.
Males Year of Diagnosis1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985
Under 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 05-9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 010-14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 015-19 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 120-24 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 0 025-29 2 0 2 0 2 1 0 1 0 0 130-34 2 5 6 2 3 2 1 2 2 4 235-39 14 5 8 10 5 6 10 6 7 14 340-44 28 20 28 17 18 15 24 16 20 20 1945-49 48 58 61 56 53 56 46 45 43 44 4550-54 121 111 127 121 136 129 112 123 100 95 8555-59 219 202 185 214 225 211 214 225 210 206 20660-64 301 323 273 300 271 284 276 292 318 316 30565-69 376 380 377 371 403 384 383 326 315 289 34970-74 368 338 306 404 366 346 385 376 369 386 33675-79 193 178 199 213 251 248 232 241 262 307 28880-84 73 73 84 100 86 111 132 127 134 147 14385+ 32 28 27 22 47 45 44 32 43 57 50All Ages 1 778 1 721 1 683 1 831 1 866 1 838 1 861 1 814 1 825 1 885 1 833
Rates
Under 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.05-9 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.910-14 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.8 1.8 1.8 0.0 0.015-19 2.1 0.0 2.2 0.0 2.3 1.1 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.0 1.020-24 2.5 6.1 6.9 2.3 3.4 2.3 1.1 2.3 2.3 4.7 2.325-29 17.9 6.5 10.5 13.1 6.5 7.9 12.7 7.2 8.2 16.2 3.430-34 36.4 26.3 37.2 22.6 23.7 19.8 32.1 21.5 26.9 26.7 25.335-39 60.8 74.5 79.0 73.6 70.6 75.8 61.9 61.5 58.5 59.9 61.640-44 149.7 139.9 163.9 158.3 180.2 173.0 150.3 165.4 136.3 131.2 118.445-49 322.7 289.0 256.6 287.5 291.4 284.4 292.6 314.6 295.2 292.8 294.850-54 438.8 484.6 425.1 495.6 471.3 476.8 449.0 459.3 488.3 469.0 465.255-59 662.7 671.2 668.5 658.6 719.3 687.1 699.3 615.5 623.0 601.7 702.560-64 954.5 862.4 768.1 1000.7 887.4 833.7 919.5 893.8 876.9 914.2 800.365-69 958.9 853.5 924.0 941.6 1069.5 1032.2 931.0 949.6 1007.9 1159.1 1064.970-74 781.8 800.0 902.6 1079.4 885.1 1092.6 1206.8 1116.3 1126.1 1175.0 1104.475-79 696.1 616.7 600.8 492.8 1084.7 1037.8 889.6 655.1 862.6 1117.6 934.980-84 133.4 129.9 128.0 140.4 143.8 142.5 144.0 141.2 142.9 148.4 145.285+ 127.4 123.9 122.0 134.1 137.4 136.1 137.6 134.9 136.5 141.9 138.7
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Males age 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 35-39 60.8 74.5 79.0 73.6 70.6 75.8 61.9 61.5 58.5 59.9 61.6
Cancer of the Trachea, Bronchus & LungWest of Scotland
Crude incidence rates
Source: ISD Online
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Males
date 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 age
35-39 60.8 74.5 79.0 73.6 70.6 75.8 61.9 61.5 58.5 59.9 61.6
Cancer of the Trachea, Bronchus & LungWest of Scotland
Crude incidence rates
Source: ISD Online
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Lung cancer in Western Scotland 1975-1985
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985
Crude incidence rates
Source: ISD Online
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Source: ISD Online
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Text slides..
Break it upNot too much infoUse bullets/listsUse as prompts, do not try to put it all on
the slide
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Outcome Measures
The primary outcome measure was the SF-36 general health-related quality of life instrument. This measures 8 dimensions of health-related quality of life, is well validated and sensitive to change. This instrument has been widely used in a broad range of studies 9. Secondary outcome measures included a range of epilepsy-specific instruments. The epilepsy-specific instruments measured the nature and perceived severity of seizures (ICTAL & PERCEPT)10, perceived adverse drug effects (ADEP)11, the impact of epilepsy on patients’ lives (IMPACT)12, and their sense of mastery over their illness (MASTERY)13. The ESI-55 cognitive function test was also chosen as a short but reliable means of assessing these patients, as epilepsy medication, as well as the condition itself, can adversely affect cognitive function (COGFUNC)14. The SF-36 and the epilepsy-specific instruments were administered at baseline by post, and 12 months following the interventions.
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Outcome MeasuresPrimary outcome measure : SF-36
8 dimensions of health-related quality of lifevalidatedsensitive to change.
Secondary outcome measures - epilepsy-specific instruments. nature and perceived severity of seizures (ICTAL & PERCEPT)perceived adverse drug effects (ADEP)impact of epilepsy on patients’ lives (IMPACT)12,mastery over their illness (MASTERY)ESI-55 cognitive function test
Administered by postat baseline12 months following the interventions.
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Animation & effects..
Lots of choice
Animate objects on slidesSlide transitions
Animated imagesSound clipsFilm clips
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Way to go...
Use them carefully
ClarityVisibilityAppropriate useSophistication
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Film & Sound
EmbeddingLinkingFile locations
Files to play must be in the folder they are linked to
Remember to copy the files onto a USB if you are presenting elsewhere
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There are three fundamentals to consider when undertaking critical appraisal…
• The effects of Chance variation
• The systematic deviations of Bias
• The underlying misinformation of Confounding
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There are three fundamentals to consider when undertaking critical appraisal…
• The effects of Chance variation
• The systematic deviations of Bias
• The underlying misinformation of Confounding
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Poor harvests have resulted from:
Insect damage
www.ent.iastate.edu
Erosion
public.globalnet.hr
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Poor harvests have resulted from:
Insect damage
www.ent.iastate.edu
Erosion
public.globalnet.hr
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Heart Sounds
Normal
Ventricular Septal Defect
Mitral Regurgitation
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Songthrush(Turdus philomelos)
www.abdn.ac.uk