solutions for the remediation of water bodies and...
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ESWEG | Phytotreatment 1
PHYTOTREATMENT Solutions for the remediation of water bodies and lagoons with natural systems
Restoration of lagoons | Revitalisation of water bodies | Development of control algal | Wastewater treatment
Phytotreatment is a bioremediation method in which soil and water contaminants are removed by planting plants that absorbs specific contaminants through their roots or foliage. There are different systems that ESWEG applies for phytotreatment which depends on the aim, final uses of water and location where it has to be implemented.
▶ PURIFICATION BY FLOATING ECOSYSTEMS
Nowadays wastewater and pollution treatment by plants (phytopurification) is well known. By proposing floating vegetated filters rather than expanding a treatment plant or creating a new lagoon, we offer a decidedly less expensive alternative, but engineering, easy to implement and requires no maintenance. The interest is ecological, economical and aesthetic. The use of native plants from wetlands can treat municipal sewage and sequester industrial heavy metals, or complement the treatment in place. This "rustic" process, reliable and inexpensive can be implemented in all cases.
HOW DOES IT WORK?
Made of an articulated floating structure, the floating vegetated filters are covered with a mat of coir fiber vegetated with helophytes. At the interface of vegetation cover and water a Xylit fiber mat will immediately capture most of the nutrients in the water and bring them directly around plants. Therefore, upon installation of the floating filters and planted any season, even in the absence of growth plant, you get immediate results.
In spring and summer when the plants grow faster, thus purify larger volumes and sequester pollutants. Moreover the root system of vegetated floating filters increases the area of available habitat to better promote of bacterial colonization and the purification processes. Throughout the year, zooplankton that grows in the rhizosphere provides food and habitat for aquatic fauna. The cover provides aestheticism and biodiversity.
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ADVANTAGES ACTIONS
Autonomous Simple installation without handling Effective immediately and continuing No operating costs Robust Natural look and aesthetic
Mobilization of nutrients Increased biodiversity Reduction of turbidity Algal control development
PERFORMANCE TESTING
Experiments conducted in the United States on lagoon systems using vegetated rafts have the following results:
Parameter Lagoon
Treatment rate (mg/j/m²)
Efficiency Input / Output of
lagoon Suspended matter 1,74 89% Biological Oxygen Demand 21,5 40% Total Nitrogen 7,4 46%
REWARDS
Gold Medal for Innovation at the European Conference of landscape in 2007 for vegetated rafts. Paysalia Jury Prize "The trophies towards sustainable development". Medal of innovation at Galabau 2011 in Nuremberg. Sustainable Business Awards of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry.
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ESWEG | Phytotreatment 3
ESWEG KEYPROJECTS
In combination with a self-mixing system... Restoration in gravel pits...
In support for sanitation systems by lagoon... Fighting against Jussie (Najas sp.)...
The environmental challenges we face require simple solutions, affordable, effective and elegant. ESWEG pools, north and south of Europe, skills and experience of five specialized companies in bioengineering of lakes and watercourses.
Landscaping...
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ESWEG | Phytotreatment 4
▶ WASTEWATER AND STORM WATER TREATMENT BY CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS
The construction of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) in urban areas is widely spread but the situation is different in rural areas or in small towns or communities due to its high construction costs, need of regular maintenance and high energy costs. We offer constructed wetlands as a cheaper and more feasible option rather than conventional systems because the treatment occurs by the application of natural processes. It is sustainable and ecological as it doesn’t have energy costs, maintenance is only made occasionally and the implementation it’s cheaper and easier. Many different types of constructed wetlands have been designed and implemented for more than 30 years worldwide.
HOW DOES IT WORK?
It is a natural filter system in which wastewater and/or storm water is treated by an area of gravel of different sizes, where helophytes are planted and perform a biological filtering system with their roots.
These systems are always integrated to the environment, improving aesthetic and ecological values (such as nutrient sinks, buffering areas and wildlife, shoreline stabilisation, flood control and purification).
Purification processes are performed simultaneously to physical, chemical and biological components. This type of treatment system may be implemented in different ways, according to the location or characteristics of the wastewater. We divide these types according to hydrology in:
1. Subsurface flow treatment systems (SSF) consist of subsurface flow channels filled with granular material, usually gravel, where the water level remains below the granular surface. As it is a closed system it has high rates of reaction (creation of microorganisms) and therefore does not need as much surface as the free-flow systems. It prevents the presence of mosquitoes and odours and has thermal protection.
2. Free-flow or free water surface treatment systems (FWS) are composed of parallel channels or ponds, on an impermeable soil, with emergent vegetation and shallow water levels (0.6 m. maximum). The treatment occurs during the water flow through the stems and roots of emergent vegetation.
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ESWEG | Phytotreatment 5
ADVANTAGES ACTIONS
Simplicity of operation. Low-cost maintenance. Fulfills regional, national and European
levels in terms of domestic wastewater treatment.
High-resilience and self-regeneration capacity, getting effectiveness immediately and continuing.
No production of waste, biosolids or sludge which require further treatment and disposal.
In subsurface waste water systems there are no odor problems or mosquitoes.
Effective treatment of biodegradable organic matter and reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus levels.
Landscape improvement. Low environmental costs.
PERFORMANCE TESTING
The efficiency of wetlands is very high in reduction of BOD5, SS and nitrogen and it performs significant levels in metals and pathogens.
Analysis carried out in the wastewater treatment system in Can Salas (Barcelona, Spain) had the following results:
*n=6
Effluent legal limits: COD (125 mg / L), BOD5 (25 mg / L), SS (35 mg / L) for populations between 2000 and 10000 ha. Limits vary depending on final use.
Variable Average of all samples
Average input (n=16)
Average output (n=16)
pH 7,7 8
Electrical conductivity (µS/cm2) 1230 1255
BOD5 (mg/L) 96 19
COD (mg/L) 170 38
Phosphates (mg/L) 11 2
Organic nitrogen (mg/L) 76 22
Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) 16* 22*
SS (mg/L) 48 14
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ESWEG | Phytotreatment 6
ESWEG KEYPROJECTS
SSF system in natural Parks as a solution for isolated places...
SSF in a nursery as an opportunity to reuse wastewater of the offices in the nursery pools...
SSF in a private house as a low cost treatment... FWS in a natural area, landscaping...
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ESWEG | Phytotreatment 7
FWS adapted to the topography... FWS using coir vegetated rolls...
FWS creating new recreational areas for visitants... FWS as a solution for storm water treatment combined with floating islands...
Constructed wetlands should not be confused with created or restored wetlands, which have the primary function of wildlife habitat.
Constructed wetlands usually mimic natural wetlands and are frequently built in or near places that have historically had wetlands, and are often built as compensatory mitigation (USEPA, 1999)1
FWS to solve storm water problems...
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1 USEPA (1999). Manual. Constructed Wetlands Treatment of Municipal Wastewaters. EPA/625/R-99/010.
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CONTACT DETAILS:
AQUATERRA SOLUTIONS® Les Vincentes – 26270 Cliousclat – France Service Génie Végétal Tél. : +33 (0) 475 638 438/435 – Fax : +33 (0) 475 638 468 [email protected] - www.aquaterra-solutions.fr Gabions, plant engineering, bank protection and embankment
OEKON Vegetationstechnik D – 25499 Tangstedt [email protected] www.oekon-vegetationstechnik.de Leader of helophytes fascines
SALIX RIVER & WETLAND SERVICIES LIMITED Blackhills Nurseries - Croxton Park Blackhills Lane - Thetford Gower - Norfolk Swansea - IP24 1LS SA2 7JN Tel.: 0870 350 1851 - Fax: 0870 350 1852 [email protected] - www.salixrw.com
AQUANEA S.L. C/ Terra Alta, 51. Polígono industrial Can Carner. 08211 Castellar del Vallès (Barcelona) – Spain Tel. +34 937300996 – Fax + 34 93 7143908 [email protected] – www.aquanea.com
THULICA AB Box 81, 437 21 Lindome Sagbäcksvägen 17, 437 31 Lindome Tel. 031-994199 – Fax. 031-7459481 [email protected] - http://www.thulica.com