solar thermal power plants by dr. irshad ahmed department of mechatronics, air university, e-9,...
TRANSCRIPT
Solar Thermal Power Plants
By Dr. Irshad Ahmed
Department of Mechatronics,Air University, E-9, Islamabad
Basic Needs of Man
1. Food
2. Fiber
3. Fabric
4. Fuel
EnvironmentEnvironment
Device
Use
EnvironmentEnvironment
Device
Use
EnvironmentEnvironment
Renewable energy Finite energy
Sink Sink
Current source of continuous Finite sourceEnergy flow of energy
Renewable energy supplies Conventional supplies
Examples
Source
Normal state
Initial intensity
Lifetime of supply
Cost of source
Cost of equipment
Variation and control
Location for use
Scale
Skills
Pollution and environment damage
Esthetics
Wind , Solar, biomass, tidal
Natural local environment
A current of energy. An income
Low intensity. dispersed: ~300 W/m2
Or less
Infinite
Free
High, commonly $2000
per KW capacity
Fluctuating: best controlled by change of load using
Site and society specific
Small scale economic, Large scale may present difficulties
Interdisciplinary and varied. Wide range of skills, Importance of bioscience and agriculture
Usually little environmental harm Local perturbations may be serious but usually acceptable
Coal, oil, gas
Concentrated stock
Static source of energy. Capital
Released at ~100 kW/m2 and
More
Finite
Increasingly expensive.>$0.1
Per KWh
Moderate, commonly $500 per
Capacity
Steady, best controlled by adjusting source with feedback controlGeneral and international use
Increased scale often improves supply costs, large scale frequently favored
Strong links with electrical and mechanical engineering. Narrow range of skills
Environment pollution common especially of air and water
Small structure may produce little Esthetics difficulty.
able 1.1 Comparison of renewable and conventional energy system.
Solar Radiation
Solar Radiation
SensibleHeating
Latent Heat Potential Energy
Kinetic Energy
Photosynthesis
Geothermal
Geothermal
Heat
Gravitational Orbital motion
Gravitational Orbital motion
Tides
From
Earth
Planetary motion
From 3Tidal power
Geothermal
installations30
Biofuels
Wind and wave
conversion
Hydropower
Solar radiation
Infrared radiation to space80,000
40,000
300
30
30
to space Reflected
50000
120000
Absorbed
Status of GHG Emissions
ELECTRICITY INSTALLED CAPACITY IN PAKISTAN
ELECTRICITY SUPPLY AND DEMAND IN PAKISTAN
ELECTRICITY SUPPLY AND DEMAND FOR PAKISTAN
PAKISTAN’S POWER DEMAND AND SUPPLY
SOLAR RADIATION IN PAKISTAN
SOLAR CELL TECHNOLOGIES
SOLAR CELL, MODULE, ARRAY
PN JUNCTION OF A SOLAR CELL
SOLAR CELL FUNCTION
I-V CHARACTERISTIC CURVE OF A SOLAR CELL
SOLAR CELL EFFICIENCIES
COST OF ELECTRICITY FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES
PV TECHNOLOGY PERFORMANCE
SOLAR IRRIGATION PUMP
PV PUMP WITH SPRINKLER IRRIGATION
GRID CONNECTED PV POWER
LARGE PV SOLAR POWER PLANTS
a
Name of PV power plant
Country Nominal Power
(MWp)
GW·h /year
Capacity factor
Notes
Olmedilla Photovoltaic Park
Spain 55[38] 85[36] 0.16 Siliken crystalline silicon modules. Completed September 2008
Strasskirchen Solar Park
Germany 54
Lieberose Photovoltaic Park [39][40]
Germany 53 53[40] 0.11 700'000 First Solar CdTe modules, opened 2009[41]
Puertollano Photovoltaic Park
Spain 47.6 231'653 crystalline silicon modules, Suntech and Solaria, opened 2008
Moura photovoltaic power station[42]
Portugal 46 93[42] 0.23 Completed December 2008
Kothen Solar Park Germany 45 2009
Finsterwalde Solar Park
Germany 41 2009
Waldpolenz Solar Park[43][44]
Germany 40 40[44] 0.11 550,000 First Solar thin-film CdTe modules. Completed December 2008