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A Seminar on

SOLAR ROADWAYS The Future Transport

SystemSubmitted By :-

Daanish Zama8th Sem.,CEReg.No:- 1201341043

Submitted To :-

Er.Ashutosh RathAsst.ProfessorCivil Engineering Dept.

S I L I C O N I N S T I T U T E O F T E C H N O L O GY

Sambalpur, Odisha

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A Seminar on

SOLAR ROADWAYS The Future Transport System

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CONTENTS• Introduction• Solar energy• Solar road construction• Features of solar roads• Advantages & Disadvantages• Road Survey of India • Case study• Conclusion• References

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INTRODUCTION• Hearing the concerns about global warming and

knowing our dependency on fossil fuels the Solar Roadways imagined to develop roadways with solar panels.

• Solar roadways technology will replace all current petroleum-based asphalt roads, parking lots, and driveways.

• The Solar Roadways consists of structurally engineered solar panels that we drive on.

• The Solar Roadway generates electrical power from the sun and becomes a nation’s decentralized, intelligent, self-healing power grid, replacing our current deteriorating power distribution infrastructure.

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WHAT IS SOLAR ENERGY?

Solar energy is the light and radiant heat from the Sun that influences Earth's climate and weather and sustains life. By using this energy electricity can be produced with help of solar technology.

Solar technologies are broadly characterized as:Active solar technologyPassive solar technology

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Photovoltaic cells are used to convert solar energy directly into electricity using semiconductors . This is active type of solar technology.

PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL

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WHY SOLAR?Solar energy is preferable as compared to another energy sources due to following reasons

Reduced Dependence on Fossil Fuels

Environment friendly

Matching Peak Time Output with Peak Time Demand

Flexible Locations

Modularity and Scalability

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A solar roadway is a road surface that generates electricity by solar power photovoltaic cells embedded below a tough transparent surface which provides sufficient traction.

WHAT DOES SOLAR ROADWAY MEAN?

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SOLAR ROAD CONSTRUCTIONA solar roadway consist of three layers:Road surface layer/Glass layerElectronics layerBase plate layer

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ROAD SURFACE LAYER/GLASS

LAYERTranslucent, shatter proof, fire proof and high-strength, it is rough enough to provide sufficient traction, yet still passes sunlight through to the solar collector cells embedded within, along with LEDs and a heating element.

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ELECTRONICS LAYERIt contains photovoltaic cells which absorbs solar energy. It also contains a microprocessor board with support circuitry for sensing loads on the surface and controlling a heating element with a view to reducing or eliminating snow.

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BASE PLATE LAYERWhile the electronics layer collects energy from the sun, it is the base plate layer that distributes that power as well as data signals (phone, TV, internet, etc.)down the line ton all homes and businesses connected to the solar roadway. It is weatherproof to protect the electronics layer above it.Base Plate Layer

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FEATURES OF SOLAR ROADWAYS…

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AESTHETICSThe power lines and data lines running over the poles,

Make the city ugly, Interrupt to the way of vehiclesNeed a frequent maintenance when bad atmosphere tends to break themIncrease the overall cost as they needs poles to run overHacking of trees is required when they come in the way of lines

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This can be avoided by encasing these power lines below the Glass layer which can be directly supplied by electricity form there itself with no loss of energy due to electric resistance. This will eliminate all the drawbacks of ‘power lines hung on poles’ and also ensure safety.

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Many people driving their vehicle at night cannot see the road ahead due to oncoming headlights or rain.

The Solar Roadways will have LEDs which will illuminate the lanes.

Thus the rate of accidents will be reduced and illumination of roads will add to the aesthetics of the city.

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The LEDs can be programmed to show the instructions such as - SLOW, STOP, GO, SPEED LIMIT, etc.

WARNING SIGNS

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LANE SCAPE DESIGN• Central control stations will be able to instantly

customize the lanes and words on the panels as like screen, reducing traffic congestion.

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PARKING LOT INTEGRATION

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WE CAN SAVE ANIMALS The LEDS can also be programmed to warn

drivers of an animal on the road, an accident, or construction work.

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With induction plating embedded inside these roads, electric cars can be recharged while in motion on top of these roads. This would reduce the costs and the time-inconvenience of waiting at a charging station.

Glass panelInduction plating

Another option available for charging is stand-by charging which is done by plugging in the charger in the slot vehicle, this method can be applied when the vehicle is parked in the parking lot.

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ROAD SURVEY OF INDIAIndia has a road network of over 42,45,805 kilometers in 2014.

In which national highways and state highways cover approx. 5% of total road network.

These highways can produce 450TWh of electricity according to references when they are surfaced by solar panels.

But India needs 991TWh of electricity.

This implies that if 10% of total road network of India is surfaced with Solar Roadway panels, it would illuminate our nation.

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ADVANTAGES CONTINUED…

Renewability

Life-span :- 20 – 21 years

Military and rescue assistance

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DISADVANTAGES OF SOLAR ROADWAY

Maintenance costs

Seasonal efficiency

Needs a town planning

High initial startup cost $16 per square feet – Asphalt road One panel size 12 ft x 12 ft = 144 sq ft One panel costs about $6912 $6912 / 144 sq ft = $48 per sq ft - Solar road

Road surfaces deposits salt, rubber and dirt, which reduces its

efficiency.

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CASE STUDYSolar Roadways™ is a company based in Idaho that is working to perfect and implement the idea of solar panels embedded within road surfaces, sidewalks and parking lots. The company was started by Scott and Julie Brusaw.

 Phase I Prototype: The United States Department of Transportation awarded the company Solar Roadways Incorporated a $100,000 research contract in 2009. This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) contract enabled Solar Roadways to prototype solar road panels. The concept has been used for lighting as well. Phase II Prototype: After successful completion of the Phase I SBIR contract, Solar Roadways Inc. announced that the Federal Highway Administration awarded it a follow-up $750,000 Phase II SBIR contract to take it to the next step: a solar parking lot. The lot was finished in April of 2014. The following pictures are of prototype II.

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After preparing solar paneled parking lot

28Tractor parked on solar paneled parking lot

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Bike lane of solar roadway in Dutch, Netherlands

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CONCLUSIONFor roughly the 3 times the cost of the current systems (asphalt roads and fossil fuel burning electricity generation plants), the Solar Roadways can be implemented.

No more Global Warming.

Safer driving conditions.

Far less pollution.

A new secure highway infrastructure that pays for itself.

A decentralized, secure power grid.

No more dependency on foreign oil.

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• Our Hon’ble Prime minister Narendra Modi has made promise to built 100 smart cities across the nation. If we provide solar roadways in those 100 smart cities, we can at least overcome the problem of load shedding. So let’s start with 100 smart cities.

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REFERENCES• Alark A. Kulkarni, Director, Orbit Consultants

Pvt. Ltd., Pune Solar Roadways – Rebuilding our Infrastructure and Economy

• International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) www.ijera.com

• Scott Brusaw - Solar roadway at TEDx – Ideas worth spreading.

• Andrew Northmore, MSc Candidate & Dr. Susan Tighe, Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Waterloo.

• Innovative Pavement Design: Are Solar Roads Feasible?

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Thank YouQuestions Please…