sociological foundation of education
TRANSCRIPT
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Determine the basic sociologicalfoundations of education whichwould help us become sociallyaware of our responsibilities notonly to ourselves but to our societyas well.
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Sociology and the Socialization Process
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What do we mean by “Sociology”?
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What is Sociology?
The term “Sociology” isderived from the Latin“Socius” which means “socialor being with others”; andthe Greek “logos” whichmeans “study”.
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Therefore, the term“Sociology” basically meansthe “study of social beings”.
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In other words, “Sociology isthe science of society andthe social interactionstaking place within it.”
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SOCIALIZATION
Socialization is the processwhereby an individual learns toappreciate the meaning andvalues that exist in the culture atlarge and eventually internalizessuch beliefs and values as guidesfor human conduct.
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SOCIALIZATION
STRUCTURAL
PERSPECTIVE
INTERPERSONAL
PERSPECTIVE
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STRUCTURAL PERSPECTIVE
Socialization is viewed fromthe very structure orpositions with correspondingroles that are made available bythe members of a particularsocial unit.
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Society
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SCHOOL
FAMILY
CHURCHOTHERS
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MOTHERFATHER
CHILDREN
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THE STRUCTURAL PERSPECTIVE
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Roles from the Structural Perspective
1. Life Cycle
2. Ascribed and Achieved Roles
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These are recognized rolesattached to every cycle orstage of life that we gothrough.
Life Cycle
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Ascribed roles– those thatcome with positions that areattributed to individuals bysociety, and these roles areplayed according to society’sexpectations.
Ascribed Roles
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Achieved roles– those thatwe attain because we desireto do so and because we arecapable of them.
Achieved Roles
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Roles expected to us in allsettings can be classified asfollows:
1. Primary Roles
2. Secondary Roles
3. Tertiary Roles
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These are the roles we play allthe time, such as sex role.
1. Primary Roles
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These refer to roles that areplayed in some, but not allsettings, and which form alarge and important part ofwhat we learn.
2. Secondary Roles
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These are the roles that areplayed only in one setting.
3. Tertiary Roles
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1. Socialization, from thestructural viewpoint, isundergone by an individual,in the positions and roles thatcorrespond to such, that areattribute by the social unit(s).
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2. Man exposed to a life cycleof positions and roles whichimplies that socialization is alifetime process.
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3. Roles vary according topositions, just as positionsmay vary. Socialization,therefore, is a process ofadaptation.
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THE INTERPERSONAL PERSPECTIVE
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Roles from the Interpersonal Perspective
1. Mutual Steering
2. Sanctions
3. Consensus or Conflict
4. Device
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This is the process of givingand soliciting feedbackbetween two or moreindividuals, for the purposeof stimulating each or oneanother.
1. Mutual Steering
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These are measures appliedto guarantee that anindividual behaves accordingto expectations.
2. Sanctions
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SANCTIONS
PUNISHMENTSREWARDS
PHYSICAL
MATERIAL
IMMATERIAL
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Consensus refers to the wayof upholding a system ofvalues and behaviors inagreement with others.
3.1 Consensus
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Conflict refers to thesituation in which there is adisagreement between oramong people.
3.2 Conflict
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This refers to individuals whonever behave according toexpectations of others, or toall those whose behaviors falloutside of the social norms.
4. Device
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SOCIALIZATION INTO SOCIETY
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Socialization can beconsidered as a molding andas a creating process, inwhich the culture of thegroup is transmitted to theinfant, and in which thethoughts, inner feelings andbehaviors of the growing
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individual gradually developon the basis of that culture orset of values of the group towhich he belongs.
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The General Pattern of the Individual’s Socialization into
Society
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1. He learns to appreciateshared beliefs, meanings andvalues that exists and he usesthese as guides for his ownconduct.
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2. As he grows older, he takeson roles and learns to behaveaccording to expectations ofthe group or groups to whichhe belongs. This process ofplaying his roles is facilitatedby his interactions withothers.
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3. As he learns how to playhis roles in accordance withother’s expectations, he alsobecomes more skillful ininteracting with otherpeople, thus learning notonly the ways of hisimmediate culture but of alarger society.
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