social psychology lecture 1
TRANSCRIPT
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Introducing Social Psychology
Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Assoc. Prof. Dr Mohd Dahlan A. Malek
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Introducing Social Psychology
Introduction
• Syllabus• CV
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Introducing Social Psychology
Introduction
• Psychology• Social• Society
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Introducing Social Psychology
Introduction• APA• Division 8-Society for Personality and Social
Psychology• The Society for Personality and Social
Psychology (SPSP) was founded in 1974 when the leadership of Division 8 of the American Psychological Association decided to incorporate as an independent organization. Today, SPSP includes more than 7,000 members from around the world who study a wide array of subfields
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Introducing Social Psychology
• The Society for Personality and Social Psychology promotes scientific research that explores how people think, behave, feel, and interact.
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Introducing Social Psychology
Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
What is Social Psychology?
• What is the difference between Sociology and Social Psychology?
• How do our values enter into the study of Social Psychology?
• What are the main areas of research today?1. Social Thinking2. Social Influence3. Social Relations
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Introducing Social Psychology
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What Are Social Psychology’s Big Lessons?• We construct our
social reality/react/think differently
• Our social intuitions are often powerful but sometimes perilous/unsafe (9/11)
• Social influences shape our behavior (spent talking)
• Personal attitudes and dispositions/character also shape behavior
• Social behavior is biologically rooted
• Social psychology’s principles are applicable to everyday life and other disciplines
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Introducing Social Psychology
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Social Psychology and Human Values• Obvious ways in which values
enter-choose research topic• Not-so-obvious ways in which
values enter– The subjective aspects of science– Psychological concepts contain
hidden values (research based)• Systematic observation and
experimentation are needed to check our ideas against reality
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Introducing Social Psychology
• Social psychology - uses scientific methods to understand and explain how feeling, behavior and thoughts of people are influenced by the actual, imagined or implied presence of other people.
• A social psychologist will look at group behavior, social perception, non-verbal behavior, conformity, aggression, prejudice, and leadership. Social perception and social interaction are seen as key to understanding social behavior.
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Introducing Social Psychology
• Put simply, social psychology studies the impact of social influences on human behavior.
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Introducing Social Psychology
• Society, or a human society, is a group of people related to each other through persistent relations, or a large social grouping sharing the same geographical or virtual territory, subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.
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Introducing Social Psychology
• Human societies are characterized by patterns of relationships (social relations) between individuals who share a distinctive culture and institutions; a given society may be described as the sum total of such relationships among its constituent members.
• In the social sciences, a larger society often evinces stratification and/or dominance patterns in subgroups.
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Introducing Social Psychology
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Is Social Psychology Simply “Common Sense”?
• Hindsight bias– The tendency to exaggerate, after learning an
outcome, one’s ability to have foreseen it– The I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon– Falling in Love
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Introducing Social Psychology
Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
How Do We Do Social Psychology? Forming and Testing Hypotheses
• Theory: An integrated set of principles that explain and predict observed events
• Hypothesis: A testable proposition that describes the relationship that may exist between events
• Research may take place in the field or in a laboratory
• Two primary research methods are correlational and experimental
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Introducing Social Psychology
Copyright © 2008 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Correlational Research: Detecting Natural Associations
Correlational Research:• Study naturally occurring
relationships among variables
• Allow prediction; do NOT infer causation
Survey Research:• Random samples help
obtain a representative group
• Unrepresentative samples
Concerns:· Order of questions· Response options· Framing
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Introducing Social Psychology
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Understanding Correlations
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Introducing Social Psychology
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Experimental Research:Searching for Cause and Effect
Control: Manipulating Variables– Independent and Dependent Variables– Random Assignment– Ethical Concerns:
– Mundane/Experimental Realism– Deception– Demand Characteristics– Informed Consent– Potential Harm– Confidentiality– Debriefing
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Introducing Social Psychology
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Understanding Experiments
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Introducing Social Psychology
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Two Methods of Doing Research: Correlational and Experimental
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Introducing Social Psychology
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Things to Consider in Social Psychological Research
• Theory• Hypothesis• Population• Sample• Representative sample• Random sample• Random assignment• Blind procedures
• Independent variable• Dependent variable• Survey• Placebo effects• Third variables• Causation• Reliability• Validity
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Introducing Social Psychology
Discussion
• SMS video
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Introducing Social Psychology
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Supplemental Slides
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Introducing Social Psychology
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Perspectives on Research in Social Psychology
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Introducing Social Psychology
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The Research Process
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Introducing Social Psychology
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The Research Process
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Introducing Social Psychology
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Understanding Correlations
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Introducing Social Psychology
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Understanding Correlations
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Introducing Social Psychology
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Understanding Experiments
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Introducing Social Psychology
Tugasan
• Tugasan Kumpulan 1-video ringkas minit• Tajuk Tugasan 2
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