VOL. 88, No. 2291

than for the other altitudes except the lowest at whichsamples were taken. The plates showed also numerousfungus spores, plant hairs and pollen from other spe-cies of plants, notably Pinus spp. One pine pollengraini collected at 4,000 feet above the valley floor hadgerminated on the agar.

It seemns at this time desirable merely to record thepresence of viable sugar-beet pollen in the air at highelevations without any inferences as to relation tocross-pollination problems of the sugar beet.

FRED C. MEIERERNST ARTSCHWAGER

EXTENSION SERVICEBUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY,

U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

BASAL DIETS FOR VITAMIN B1DETERMINATION

INVESTIGATIONS which are still in progress havedemonstrated that it is quite practical to prepare a dietsatisfactory for the determination of vitamin B1 byapplying the observation of Williams and coworkers1that this vitamin is destroyed by cleavage with sulfite.A basal diet consisting of sucrose, 71 per cent., vitaminB1 free ca.sein, 18 per cent., salt mixture, 4 per cent.,fat, 5 per cent., and cod liver oil, 2 per cent., was used,and various proportions of sucrose were replaced byaddenda containing the vitamin B complex.

Sulfite treatment of yeast was carried out as fol-lows: 400 cc of 0.1 per cent. sodium sulfite were addedto 50 gramns of dried yeast in a 500-cc wide mouthbottle. SO, was introduced until a pH of 4 wasreached, and the bottle was then stoppered and allowedto stand 5 days at room temperature (25° C.). Theconitents of the bottle were then dried on purifiedcasein at a temperature not exceeding 65° C.

Rats fed the basal ration containing 5 or 15 per cent.of sulfite-treated yeast, and receiving in addition crys-talline vitamin B1, grew as rapidly as animals receivingthe same quantity of untreated yeast in the basal diet.Six animals 27 days old, weighing approximately 40grams, were fed the basal ration with 15 per cent. ofsulfite-treated yeast. Four of these animals developedacute polyneuritis in 32, 33, 34 and 34 days, respec-tively. Two animals died in 24 and 31 days, respee-tively, the latter showing slight symptoms of poly-neuritis before death. There is reason to believe thatwith slight modification of the basal diet the percentageof polyneuritis can be increased and animals may beproduced which are more suitable for quantitativeassay where duration of cure of polynieuritis is usedas the criterion.2

1 R. R. Williams, R. E. Waterman, J. C. Keresztesy andE. R. Buchman, Jour. Am. Chem. Soc., 57: 536, 1935.

2 0. L. Kline, C. D. Tolle and E. M. Nelson, Jour. Assoc.Off. Agric. Chem., 21: 305, 1938.

In the preparation of rations which contain adequateaimounts of the members of the vitamin B complex anddevoid of vitamin B1, the destruction of vitamin B,with sulfite appears to offer definite advantages overany procedure that has been proposed. Details of anexact procedure are being studied, but because of (lwidespread interest at present in methods for deter-mining the vitamin B1 content of foods anld pharma-ceutical preparations as well as human requirementsfor vitamin B1, this preliminary report may be helpfulto others.

0. L. KLINECHESTER D. TOLLE:E. M. NELSON

FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION,U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULITURE

BOOKS RECEIVED.Cttiualites Scientifiqutes et Industrielles; Nutrition, 563,

VIII, Les Regulations Hormonales du M6tabolismeGlu6cidique. Pp. 92. 20 fr.; 576, IX, Hom6othermieet Thermor6gulation, I, L 'Homeothermie. Pp. 70. 15fr.; 577, II, La Thermor6gulation. Pp. 73. 15fr.; 581, XI, Nutrition et Dentition. Pp. 76. 20 fr.;582', XII, Le Probleme du Pain, III, La Qualit6 desBl3s et Son Am6lioration. Pp. 43. 10 fr.; 594, Physi-ologie; 1, Gliucides. Pp. 66. 15 fr.; 2, Eau et Sels.Pp. 27. 8 fr.; 3, Protides. Pp. 54. 12 fr.; 4, Substances Nucl6iniques. Pp. 30. 8 fr.; 5, Creatine etCrC atinine. Pp. 40. 12 fr. Hermann, Paris.

BLAIR, G. W. SCOTT. An Introduction to IndustrialRheology. Pp. xiii+ 143. 20 figures. Blakiston.

BREDERECK, HELLMUT and ROBERT MITTAG. Vitamineitnd Hormtone und Ihre Technische Darstellung; ErsterTeil, Ergebnisse der Vitamin- und Hormonforschung.Pp. xii + 138. Hirzel, Leipzig.

CARMICHAEL, EMMETT B. Laboratory Manual of Physi-ological Chemistry. Pp. xxi + 126. University of Ala-bama. $2.10.

IMUs, HENRY A., JOHN W. M. ROTHNEY and ROBERT M.BEAR. An Evaluation of Visual Factors in Reading.Pp. xiv+ 144. 11 figures. Dartmouth College.

MADISON, HAROLD L. Wild Flowers of Ohio. Pp. 190.Illustrated. Museum of Natural History, Clevelanid.$1.50.

Science Reports of the T6hoku Imperial University;Fourth Series (Biology), Vol. XIII, No. 2; Octobeu.1938. Pp. 139. Illustrated. Maruzen, Tokyo.

Scientific Reports of the Australasian Antarctic Expedi-tion, 1911-14; FREDA BAGE; Vol. II, Part 6, Crustac( aDecapoda. Pp. 13. 1 plate. 3/. Vol. II, Part 7,Cirripedia. Pp. 14. 4 plates. 1 figure. 3/6d.MAURICE BURTON: Non-calcareous Sponges. Pp. 22.1 figure. 3/6d. Government Printer, Sydney, Aus-tralia.

Scienttific Reports of the John Murray Expedition, 19330-34; Vol. V, No. 4, by N. B. EALEs, A Systematic andAnatomical Account of the Opisthobranchia. Pp. 122.1 plate. 28 figures. 5/. Vol. V, No. 7, by J. STANLEYGARDINER and PEGGY WAUGH, The Flabellid and Tur-binolid Corals. Pp. 167-202. 7 plates. 6 figures.5/. British Museum, London.

STAMP, L. DUDLEY. Physical Geography and Geology.Pp. vii+ 256. 199 figures. Longmans, Green. $1.75.

TRUDEL, WALTER. Die Alamannen von Elgg, Eine an-thropologische Untersuchung. Pp. 114. 12 figures.G(. Buchi, Zurieh.

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14 VOL. 88, NO. 2291