smart tunnel (project management)
DESCRIPTION
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MA02CABEJ
Andrew FooJiawen Deng
Clarence ChengBenoit Lavedeau
Elizabeth Stapleton
SMARTu elnn
Feature DescriptionLocation Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaConstruction 2003-2007
Length 9.7 km (including a 4 km double deck motorway)
Diameter 13.2 mDepth 20 m
Users Light vehicles not exceeding2 m in height
Operating Speed 60 km/h
Ventilation 4 ventilation shafts
Safety
- Emergency Equipments- First Response Vehicles- Monitoring and Surveillance- Fire Exits and Emergency
PhonesToll (per use) RM 2.00 (US$0.63)
HoldingPond
Storage Reservoir
HoldingPond
Storage Reservoir
MODE 2: Minor Storm
HoldingPond
Storage Reservoir
MODE 1: No Storm
MODE 2: Major Storm
Operational Modes
Whatis ‘SMART’?
SMART stands for Stormwater Management And Road Tunnel
Why?
2001 !! ! ! ! 2003! ! ! ! ! 2004! ! ! ! ! 2006! ! ! ! ! ! 2007
APR: Malaysian PM seeks proposals for a more effective solution to severe annual flooding. MMC-Gamuda Joint Venture formed
NOV: SSP and Mott Macdonald are commissioned to help with design and engineering
DEC: Beginning of site investigation and research into KL geology
JAN: MMC-Gamuda receives official notice to proceed
MAR: Orders for 2 slurry TBMs signed with Herrenknecht
OCT: PM resigns. New PM questions high investment of project
MAY: TBM “Splendid” commences activity
JUN: After convincing PM, official contract is signed between government and Joint Venture
SEP: TBM “Luck” commences activity
DEC: TBM “Splendid” reaches first tunnelling milestone
APR: TBM “Splendid” completes its target tunnelling length
APR: After delays, TBM “Luck” finishes its tunnelling length
MAY: Highway Tunnel opens to traffic
JUN: Storm Management Tunnel Construction completed
When?
First multi-purpose flood control tunnel in the worldNovelty
Technology
Used Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) which was first developed in 1825
Complexity
Sophisticated system involving multiple components
Pace
An immediate need to alleviate flood problems
Project Type?The Diamond (NTCP) Model (Shenhar & Dvir, 2007)
TechnologyTechnologyTechnologyTechnologyTechnologyTechnologySuper-high-techSuper-high-techSuper-high-techSuper-high-techSuper-high-techSuper-high-tech
High-techHigh-techHigh-techHigh-tech
Medium-techMedium-techMedium-techMedium-tech
Low-techLow-techLow-techLow-tech
Complexity Array Array AssemblyAssembly PlatformPlatform
NoveltyComplexity NoveltyComplexity NoveltyComplexitySystemSystem DerivativeDerivative BreakthroughBreakthrough
Novelty
RegularRegularRegularRegular
Fast/CompetitiveFast/CompetitiveFast/CompetitiveFast/CompetitiveFast/CompetitiveFast/Competitive
Time-CriticalTime-CriticalTime-CriticalTime-CriticalTime-CriticalTime-Critical
BlitzBlitz
PacePacePacePace
Who?The Stakeholder Analysis Matrix & Project Organisation
Failureor
Cost-effectiveness
Strong working methods: local/international links
High level of safety management
Knowledge learnt about ground under Kuala Lumpur
Communicate scope of project to public
Properly explore post-project requirements
Avoid setting unrealistic deadlines; uncertainty with tunnelling projects
Avoid rushing into projects; have correct contracts in place
What was Learnt?
What’s Next?Thailand
• Emulates the technology of SMART Tunnel to channel rainwater surplus to refill its underground reserves
• Proposed Budget: US$ 3.5 billion
Indonesia• Jakarta SMART Tunnel to overcome
flood problems and traffic congestions in the capital
• Estimated Cost: US$ 1.7 billion
Within Malaysia• Using the same TBM technology to construct Mass
Rapid Transit (Underground) in Greater Kuala Lumpur
• Long-Term measures to build more floodwater retention ponds to divert water from one river to another
Risks?The PESTEL Model
Risk Type Risk Identification Risk Mitigation
Political Change of governmentConvince party of the importance of project
EconomicalHigh opportunity cost; recovering from 1997 “Asian Financial Crisis”
Project costs shared - 70% government-funded, 30% Joint Venture
Social Lack of public confidence Communicate uniqueness of project
Technological
Sinkholes resulting from tunnelling
Thorough site investigationTechnological
High reliability on two TBMs TBMs fitted with redundancy schemes
EnvironmentalPollution, vibration and noise disturbance
Work spread over 24 hour shifts
LegalProperty rights extending to the centre of the earth
Tunnel designed to follow existing public properties
Objectives: 1. Mitigating Floods! 2. Reducing Traffic Congestion
Property damage and loss of lives Negative impact on
socio-economic activities
Deterioration of the Capitalʼs image
Fast economic and population growth• More congestion• Higher frequency and greater impact of floods
3:
Government
DID MHA
Project ManagersPrivate Joint Venture MMC-Gamuda Berhad
Subcontractors and Suppliers
SSP! W & F! HK! ! ACPI SunwayMM!
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Design &! North! ! TBM! Precast! DeckConstruction Tunnel! ! Supplier! Segments Panels! ! Drive
Users
Suppliers
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INTEREST
POWER
Keep satisfied Key players
Minimal effort! Keep informed
Local Communities
Press & Media
Government
Project Managers
Subcontractors
Employees
InternalExternal
KEY
DID: Department of Drainage & IrrigationMHA: Malaysian Highway AuthoritySSP: Sepakat Setia Perunding
MM: Mott MacdonaldW&F: Wayss & FreytagHK: HerrenknechtACPI: ACP Industries
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Success !
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• Unique and Innovative Dual-Concept
• Project completed on budget at c. US$514 million • Expected to prevent US$1.58 billion in flood damage and US$1.26 billion in traffic congestion
• No major floods in area since opening in 2007 • Mode 3 used c.8 times and Mode 2 over 35 times
• C. 30,000 car users/day. Travel time into city centre reduced from 15-20 to only 4 minutes
• Project recognised by national and international awards
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Failure !
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• Highway opening delayed by almost a year • Stormwater Tunnel opening delayed by six months
• Was there a cheaper alternative? • Unexplored post-project cleaning and management costs
• Public not given correct info on areas tunnel would protect. Tunnel only handles 45% of floodwater
• Encouraging people to use cars and not public transport Kuala Lumpur transit usage already very low at c.16%
• Reservoir water contamination caused by dirt, oil, chemicals from Tunnel
Success