S

MA02CABEJ

Andrew FooJiawen Deng

Clarence ChengBenoit Lavedeau

Elizabeth Stapleton

SMARTu elnn

Feature DescriptionLocation Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaConstruction 2003-2007

Length 9.7 km (including a 4 km double deck motorway)

Diameter 13.2 mDepth 20 m

Users Light vehicles not exceeding2 m in height

Operating Speed 60 km/h

Ventilation 4 ventilation shafts

Safety

- Emergency Equipments- First Response Vehicles- Monitoring and Surveillance- Fire Exits and Emergency

PhonesToll (per use) RM 2.00 (US$0.63)

HoldingPond

Storage Reservoir

HoldingPond

Storage Reservoir

MODE 2: Minor Storm

HoldingPond

Storage Reservoir

MODE 1: No Storm

MODE 2: Major Storm

Operational Modes

Whatis ‘SMART’?

SMART stands for Stormwater Management And Road Tunnel

Why?

2001 !! ! ! ! 2003! ! ! ! ! 2004! ! ! ! ! 2006! ! ! ! ! ! 2007

APR: Malaysian PM seeks proposals for a more effective solution to severe annual flooding. MMC-Gamuda Joint Venture formed

NOV: SSP and Mott Macdonald are commissioned to help with design and engineering

DEC: Beginning of site investigation and research into KL geology

JAN: MMC-Gamuda receives official notice to proceed

MAR: Orders for 2 slurry TBMs signed with Herrenknecht

OCT: PM resigns. New PM questions high investment of project

MAY: TBM “Splendid” commences activity

JUN: After convincing PM, official contract is signed between government and Joint Venture

SEP: TBM “Luck” commences activity

DEC: TBM “Splendid” reaches first tunnelling milestone

APR: TBM “Splendid” completes its target tunnelling length

APR: After delays, TBM “Luck” finishes its tunnelling length

MAY: Highway Tunnel opens to traffic

JUN: Storm Management Tunnel Construction completed

When?

First multi-purpose flood control tunnel in the worldNovelty

Technology

Used Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) which was first developed in 1825

Complexity

Sophisticated system involving multiple components

Pace

An immediate need to alleviate flood problems

Project Type?The Diamond (NTCP) Model (Shenhar & Dvir, 2007)

TechnologyTechnologyTechnologyTechnologyTechnologyTechnologySuper-high-techSuper-high-techSuper-high-techSuper-high-techSuper-high-techSuper-high-tech

High-techHigh-techHigh-techHigh-tech

Medium-techMedium-techMedium-techMedium-tech

Low-techLow-techLow-techLow-tech

Complexity Array Array AssemblyAssembly PlatformPlatform

NoveltyComplexity NoveltyComplexity NoveltyComplexitySystemSystem DerivativeDerivative BreakthroughBreakthrough

Novelty

RegularRegularRegularRegular

Fast/CompetitiveFast/CompetitiveFast/CompetitiveFast/CompetitiveFast/CompetitiveFast/Competitive

Time-CriticalTime-CriticalTime-CriticalTime-CriticalTime-CriticalTime-Critical

BlitzBlitz

PacePacePacePace

Who?The Stakeholder Analysis Matrix & Project Organisation

Failureor

Cost-effectiveness

Strong working methods: local/international links

High level of safety management

Knowledge learnt about ground under Kuala Lumpur

Communicate scope of project to public

Properly explore post-project requirements

Avoid setting unrealistic deadlines; uncertainty with tunnelling projects

Avoid rushing into projects; have correct contracts in place

What was Learnt?

What’s Next?Thailand

• Emulates the technology of SMART Tunnel to channel rainwater surplus to refill its underground reserves

• Proposed Budget: US$ 3.5 billion

Indonesia• Jakarta SMART Tunnel to overcome

flood problems and traffic congestions in the capital

• Estimated Cost: US$ 1.7 billion

Within Malaysia• Using the same TBM technology to construct Mass

Rapid Transit (Underground) in Greater Kuala Lumpur

• Long-Term measures to build more floodwater retention ponds to divert water from one river to another

Risks?The PESTEL Model

Risk Type Risk Identification Risk Mitigation

Political Change of governmentConvince party of the importance of project

EconomicalHigh opportunity cost; recovering from 1997 “Asian Financial Crisis”

Project costs shared - 70% government-funded, 30% Joint Venture

Social Lack of public confidence Communicate uniqueness of project

Technological

Sinkholes resulting from tunnelling

Thorough site investigationTechnological

High reliability on two TBMs TBMs fitted with redundancy schemes

EnvironmentalPollution, vibration and noise disturbance

Work spread over 24 hour shifts

LegalProperty rights extending to the centre of the earth

Tunnel designed to follow existing public properties

Objectives: 1. Mitigating Floods! 2. Reducing Traffic Congestion

Property damage and loss of lives Negative impact on

socio-economic activities

Deterioration of the Capitalʼs image

Fast economic and population growth• More congestion• Higher frequency and greater impact of floods

3:

Government

DID MHA

Project ManagersPrivate Joint Venture MMC-Gamuda Berhad

Subcontractors and Suppliers

SSP! W & F! HK! ! ACPI SunwayMM!

!

!

! ! ! ! !

!

!

Design &! North! ! TBM! Precast! DeckConstruction Tunnel! ! Supplier! Segments Panels! ! Drive

Users

Suppliers

!"#

INTEREST

POWER

Keep satisfied Key players

Minimal effort! Keep informed

Local Communities

Press & Media

Government

Project Managers

Subcontractors

Employees

InternalExternal

KEY

DID: Department of Drainage & IrrigationMHA: Malaysian Highway AuthoritySSP: Sepakat Setia Perunding

MM: Mott MacdonaldW&F: Wayss & FreytagHK: HerrenknechtACPI: ACP Industries

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

! !

!

Success !

!

! ! ! !

• Unique and Innovative Dual-Concept

• Project completed on budget at c. US$514 million • Expected to prevent US$1.58 billion in flood damage and US$1.26 billion in traffic congestion

• No major floods in area since opening in 2007 • Mode 3 used c.8 times and Mode 2 over 35 times

• C. 30,000 car users/day. Travel time into city centre reduced from 15-20 to only 4 minutes

• Project recognised by national and international awards

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

Failure !

!

! ! ! !

• Highway opening delayed by almost a year • Stormwater Tunnel opening delayed by six months

• Was there a cheaper alternative? • Unexplored post-project cleaning and management costs

• Public not given correct info on areas tunnel would protect. Tunnel only handles 45% of floodwater

• Encouraging people to use cars and not public transport Kuala Lumpur transit usage already very low at c.16%

• Reservoir water contamination caused by dirt, oil, chemicals from Tunnel

Success