small engines ch 1
TRANSCRIPT
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PowerPointPresentation
Chapter 1Chapter 1Internal Combustion EnginesInternal Combustion Engines
Engine Classification Small EngineEngine Classification Small EngineDevelopment Energy ConservationDevelopment Energy Conservation
Principles Small Engine HistoryPrinciples Small Engine History
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Chapter 1 Internal Combustion Engines
CompetenciesCompetencies Explain the classification small engine and discuss theExplain the classification small engine and discuss the
main small engine types.main small engine types.
Descrie types of cylinder design and cooling systems.Descrie types of cylinder design and cooling systems.
Explain small engine development history.Explain small engine development history.
Explain energy conversion principles that apply to smallExplain energy conversion principles that apply to smallengines.engines.
Explain heat transfer.Explain heat transfer.
!ist the common energy conversion calculations.!ist the common energy conversion calculations.
Explain the chemistry of fuel comustion in small engines.Explain the chemistry of fuel comustion in small engines.
Descrie the small engine industry.Descrie the small engine industry.
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Chapter 1 Internal Combustion Engines
Small EnginesSmall Engines internal comustion engineinternal comustion engine
converts heat energy from theconverts heat energy from the
comustion of fuel into mechanical energycomustion of fuel into mechanical energy
rated up to "# horsepo$er %HP&rated up to "# horsepo$er %HP&
spar' ignition or compressionspar' ignition or compression
four(stro'e or t$o(stro'e cyclefour(stro'e or t$o(stro'e cycle
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Chapter 1 Internal Combustion Engines
Engine DesignEngine Design one) t$o) or four cylindersone) t$o) or four cylinders
cylinder orientationcylinder orientation vertical) hori*ontal) or slantedvertical) hori*ontal) or slanted
cylinder configurationcylinder configuration +) hori*ontally(opposed) or in(line+) hori*ontally(opposed) or in(line
air(cooled or li,uid(cooledair(cooled or li,uid(cooled
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Chapter 1 Internal Combustion Engines
Development HistoryDevelopment History gunpo$der enginegunpo$der engine
steam enginesteam engine
coal gascoal gas internalinternal
comustioncomustion
gasoline po$ergasoline po$er diesel enginediesel engine
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Chapter 1 Internal Combustion Engines
Energy Conversion PrinciplesEnergy Conversion Principles small engines convert potential energysmall engines convert potential energy
into 'inetic energyinto 'inetic energy
all internal comustion engines operateall internal comustion engines operateutili*ing asic principles of heat) force)utili*ing asic principles of heat) force)
pressure) tor,ue) $or') po$er) andpressure) tor,ue) $or') po$er) and
chemistrychemistry
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Chapter 1 Internal Combustion Engines
Heat -ransferHeat -ransfer conduction is heat transfer from atom toconduction is heat transfer from atom to
atom via molecules in direct contactatom via molecules in direct contact
convection is heat transfer y currents inconvection is heat transfer y currents ina fluida fluid
radiation is heat transfer that occurs asradiation is heat transfer that occurs as
radiant energy $ithout a material carrierradiant energy $ithout a material carrier
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Chapter 1 Internal Combustion Engines
Energy ConversionEnergy Conversion
CalculationsCalculations temperature is the intensity of heattemperature is the intensity of heat
C / %0 1 2"& 3 4.5C / %0 1 2"& 3 4.5
0 / %4.5 6 C& 7 2"0 / %4.5 6 C& 7 2"
pressure is a force acting on a unit ofpressure is a force acting on a unit of
areaarea pressure / force 3 areapressure / force 3 area
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Chapter 1 Internal Combustion Engines
Energy ConversionEnergy Conversion
CalculationsCalculations tor,ue is a force acting on ator,ue is a force acting on a
perpendicular radial distance from aperpendicular radial distance from a
point of rotationpoint of rotation tor,ue / force 6 radiustor,ue / force 6 radius
$or' is the movement of an o8ect y a$or' is the movement of an o8ect y a
constant forceconstant force $or' / force 6 distance$or' / force 6 distance
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Chapter 1 Internal Combustion Engines
Energy ConversionEnergy Conversion
CalculationsCalculations po$er is the rate at $hich $or' is donepo$er is the rate at $hich $or' is done
po$er / $or' 3 timepo$er / $or' 3 time
horsepo$er %HP& is a measure of po$erhorsepo$er %HP& is a measure of po$ere,ual to 9: $atts or 22);;; l(ft per mine,ual to 9: $atts or 22);;; l(ft per min HP / $or' 3 %time 6 22);;;&HP / $or' 3 %time 6 22);;;&
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Chapter 1 Internal Combustion Engines
Comustion ChemistryComustion Chemistry comining of hydrocaron fuel $ithcomining of hydrocaron fuel $ith
oxygenoxygen
a chemical reaction et$een thea chemical reaction et$een thehydrocaron molecule and atmospherichydrocaron molecule and atmospheric
oxygen comining at ignitionoxygen comining at ignition
temperature causes an exchange oftemperature causes an exchange ofelements that releases heat energyelements that releases heat energy
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Chapter 1 Internal Combustion Engines
Small Engine Stratton?S- program?S- program
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Chapter 1 Internal Combustion Engines
Chapter 4 @evie$Chapter 4 @evie$In a typical small engine, approximatelyIn a typical small engine, approximately
what percent of the energy released iswhat percent of the energy released is
converted into useful work?converted into useful work? Approximately 2;B of the energy is convertedApproximately 2;B of the energy is converted
into useful $or'.into useful $or'.
What is horsepower?What is horsepower? Horsepo$er is a unit of po$er e,ual to 22);;;Horsepo$er is a unit of po$er e,ual to 22);;;
l(ft per min.l(ft per min.