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chemistry

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Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases

Naming Acids

Naming Acids

What are the three rules for naming acids?

9.4

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An acid is a compound that contains one or more hydrogen atoms and produces hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water.

9.4 Naming Acids

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Three rules can help you name an acid with the general formula HnX.

When the name of the anion (X) ends in -ide, the acid name begins with the prefix hydro-. The stem of the anion has the suffix -ic and is followed by the word acid.

9.4 Naming Acids


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> Naming Acids

When the anion name ends in -ite, the acid name is the stem of the anion with the suffix -ous, followed by the word acid.

9.4


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When the anion name ends in -ate, the acid name is the stem of the anion with the suffix -ic followed by the word acid.

9.4 Naming Acids

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A Summary of the Three Rules for Naming Acids.

9.4 Naming Acids


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Writing Formulas for Acids

Writing Formulas for Acids

How are the formulas of acids determined?

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Use the rules for writing the names of acids in reverse to write the formulas for acids.

9.4 Writing Formulas for Acids

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>9.4 Writing Formulas for Acids


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Names and Formulas for Bases

How are bases named?

9.4 Names and Formulas for Bases

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Bases are named in the same way as other ionic compounds—the name of the cation is followed by the name of the anion.

For example, aluminum hydroxide consists of the aluminum cation (Al3+) and the hydroxide anion (OH–). The formula for aluminum hydroxide is Al(OH)3.


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Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a base that is used to make paper.


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Cleaners and soap contain sodium hydroxide.



Section Quiz

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Continue to: Launch:

Test yourself on the concepts in Section 9.4.

Section Assessment


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9.4 Section Quiz

1. The name for H2S(aq) is

a) sulfuric acid.

b) hydrosulfuric acid.

c) sulfurous acid.

d) hydrosulfurous acid.


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2. The chemical formula for chlorous acid is

a) HClO2.

b) HClO3.

c) HClO4.

d) HCl.

9.4 Section Quiz


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3. The correct chemical name for NH4OH is

a) nitrogen tetrahydrogen hydroxide.

b) nitrogen pentahydrogen oxide.

c) ammonium oxyhydride.

d) ammonium hydroxide.

9.4 Section Quiz

END OF SHOW

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