slide 1-1 chapter 1 terms information systems overview introduction to information systems judith c....

Slide 1-11

Chapter 1 TermsChapter 1 Terms

Information Systems Overview

Introduction to Information Systems

Judith C. Simon

Slide 1-22

"Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. "Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted in Section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without in Section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without

the express written permission of the copyright owner is the express written permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Request for further information should be addressed unlawful. Request for further information should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The purchaser may make back-up copies for his/her own use only purchaser may make back-up copies for his/her own use only and not for distribution or resale. The Publisher assumes no and not for distribution or resale. The Publisher assumes no

responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages, caused by the responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages, caused by the use of these programs or from the use of the information use of these programs or from the use of the information

contained herein."contained herein."

Slide 1-33

Chapter 1 Terms ReviewChapter 1 Terms Review

Analog computer: hardware designed primarily for scientific uses, such as

measurements

Application program: instructions for specific purposes or business uses, such as

letter writing or mathematical calculations

Competitive advantage: an organization’s unique qualities that allow it to compete

successfully with other organizations offering similar products or services

Slide 1-44


Data: raw facts that are collected

Database: a group of related files

Data/information flow: overall process of movement of data through an

information system

Digital computer hardware designed to use the digits 0 and 1 to store data

and instructions

Slide 1-55


Feedback: appropriate communication related to performance of

data/information flow process

Field: an individual category or item of interest in a file

File: a collection of fields and records

Slide 1-66


GIGO: acronym for “garbage in, garbage out,” meaning that the

computer is no more accurate than the data provided to it by humans

Hardware: equipment in a computer system, such as the processor and

external (peripheral) items such as a keyboard, display screen, printer

Slide 1-77


Information: result after data is converted into something meaningful

Information system (IS): components including IT, people, and procedures that

work together to provide appropriate information in the proper format whenever needed; one business can have multiple information systems

Information technology (IT): the combination of hardware, software, and data needed by

an information system

Slide 1-88


Input: process of collecting data and entering it into the

information system

Knowledge: productive use of information

Mainframe computer: large, high-capability computer designed for multiple users

and requiring special personnel to operate and maintain it

Slide 1-99


Microcomputer: also called desktop computer, personal computer (PC),

laptop, or notebook; designed as a single-user system, but groups of computers can be linked to share resources

Minicomputer: multiple-user system designed with fewer capabilities and

at a lower cost than a mainframe computer

Multimedia: use of special forms of input or output, such as sound and

animation

Slide 1-1010


Operating system program: instructions for hardware operations or activities

Output: results of processing that can be viewed by humans

Procedures: the IS component that provides instructions to the people

involved in the system

Processing conversion of data into meaningful form (information)

Slide 1-1111


Record: individual row in a file containing data about one person,

place, or thing based on designated items of interest (fields)

Software: instructions or programs for computer hardware

Supercomputer: very high-capability, high-cost computer, used primarily

for complex calculations such as those in research projects

Slide 1-1212


System: related elements working together to achieve a goal

Workstation: high-end (highest capability) desktop computer, sometimes

considered as a separate category of computer

Slide 1-1313

slide 1-1 chapter 1 terms information systems overview introduction to information systems judith c....

Documents