building capacity on asti systems : cta’s experience michael hailu and judith francis cta
TRANSCRIPT
BUILDING CAPACITY ON ASTI
SYSTEMS : CTA’S
EXPERIENCE
Michael Hailu and Judith FrancisCTA
About CTA
CTA is a joint international institution of the ACP Group of States
(79) and the EU (27).It operates under the
framework of the Cotonou Agreement.
CTA is funded by the EU.
Our MissionTo advance food and nutritional security, increase prosperity
and encourage sound natural resource management by
providing access to information and
knowledge, facilitating policy
dialogue and strengthening the
capacity of agricultural and rural
development institutions and
communities in ACP countries
3 Strategic GoalsTo support well informed, inclusive agricultural policy processes and strategies in each ACP region to empower smallholder producers, women and youthTo promote priority value chains in the ACP, especially for smallholder producersTo strengthen the information, communication and knowledge management capacities of ACP institutions and networks
Strategic Plan 2011- 2015
Food security, climate change, regional trade & markets, agricultural innovation, ACP generated contentMulti-disciplinary/multi-stakeholder knowledge platformsIntegrated information systems and communities of practiceTools, methods and approaches to facilitate policy formulation and analysisCase studies & synthesis studies for evidence-based policy & decision-makingPublications – print and electronic, websites
Themes & Activities
Challenges for ACP AgricultureLittle diversification in
products or servicesIncreasing hunger and food insecurityInability to compete in domestic, regional and international marketsSector is under-resourced (human & financial capital)Low investments in S&T & limited capacity torespond to challenges e.g. climate change and achieve sustainable developmentLimited engagement of S&T experts in policy processes
Africa's increasing population
Africa has the lowest on expenditure on R&D
SOURCES: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/seind10/c4/c4s5.htm
R&D Investment in Sub-Saharan Africa Scenario
Just 8 countries of 31 countries for which data is available met the 1% of total GDP national R&D investment target put forward by NEPAD.
Name of University
Country African Ranking
World Ranking
University of Cape Town
South Africa 1 324University of Pretoria
South Africa 2 507Stellenbosch University
South Africa 3 540Makerere University Uganda 10 1,256University of Johannesburg
South Africa 12 1,395Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology
Ghana 13 1,559
University of Nairobi
Kenya 26 2,452
University of Ibadan
Nigeria 41 3,499
Université de Ouagadougou
Burkina Faso 63 4,984
African Universities Ranking
Africa’s top university is 324th
Most significant barrier to
innovation in Africa is lack of qualified
people
Source: Webometric, world university ranking http://www.webometrics.info/top100_continent.asp?cont=africa
Innovation SystemA complex
network of policies, institutions and actors
CTA Capacity Building on ASTI Systems in ACP Countries
2003 – Sensitization of key decision makers to gain buy-in (e.g. CORAF, FARA)
2004 - Initial training of 6 ACP experts (e.g. ISRA, IRAD) on understanding innovation processes and applying the innovation systems approach (ISA) to analyzing the ACP agricultural, science, technology and innovation (ASTI) system
Development of TOT manual, conducting regional ASTI System training workshops & incorporating ACP experts in the training (e.g. 2010 CTA/ANAFE /CORAF/Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey Niger workshop)
Support for national case studies (>20) – led by ACP experts (e.g. Rice and fisheries in Senegal, plantain & fisheries in Ghana, cassava in Cameroon & Nigeria)
Piloting the development of ASTI system performance indicators
Key Partners (EU & Africa only)
Photo: 2010 CTA/ANAFE /CORAF/Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey Niger workshop
CountriesCommodity for
Diversification
Export Commodity under threat
Commodity for Food Security
Cameroon (IRAD)
Cocoa Cassava
The Gambia (NARO)
NERICA rice
Ghana (CSIR & UoG)
Plantain, fisheries
Grenada Nutmeg
Jamaica Ginger & Mango Sugar
Kenya Floriculture
Malawi Maize, fisheries
Nigeria Cassava
Papua New Guinea
Rice Banana
Senegal (ISRA) Rice, fisheries
St. Vincent & The Grenadines
Banana
Tanzania & Uganda
Banana
Samoa & Tuvalu Noni (Morinda citrifolia)
Lessons from CTA Case Studies (1)
Lessons from CTA Case Studies (2)Linkages
among actorsActor LinkageIntensity
Jamaica – Ginger & mango
Cameroon – cassava & cocoa
Senegal - rice
Public research - enterprise
Weak Average Average - strong
Public research – extension/diffusion
Average Average Average - strong
University – enterprise/farms
Weak Weak - Average
None - Weak
National – international research
Weak - Average
Strong Strong
Extension / diffusion – Enterprise
Average Average Average - strong
Enterprise – enterprise/ Farmer - farmer
Strong Strong Very strong
Lessons from CTA Case Studies (3)
Cassava Innovation System Cameroon (IRAD)
Lessons from CTA Case Studies (4)Infrastruct
urePNG – Rice Jamaica -
gingerGrenada - nutmeg
Tanzania - banana
Malawi - maize
Government incentives for innovation
Weak Weak Weak Weak Average
Scientific / skilled manpower
Weak Average Weak Weak Average
Competence of local universities
Weak Weak Weak Weak Average
Competence of R&D org
Average Average Weak Very Weak Weak
Intellectual Property Rights
Weak Weak Weak Very Weak Weak
Venture Capital
Very Weak Weak Weak Very Weak Weak
Quality of ICT services
Weak Strong Average Weak Weak
State of Power
Average Strong Average Weak Weak
State of water supply
Average Average Average Weak Weak
Environment for Innovation
ConclusionsMajor Lessons ISA is relevant but not well understood
National policies exist but implementation is weak
Little innovation is taking place (except at farm & SME level)
Knowledge infrastructure is inadequate – universities and research organizations outside of the innovation system & extension is weak;
Low investments & limited access to funding for research, training and new technologies for key commodities that are important for food security etc;
Competencies are lacking in critical areas for innovation
Small holder farmers not valued as allies in the fight against hunger and poverty
Recommendations Enhance the policy &
institutional framework Invest in research, tertiary
education & extension Improve science & technology
infrastructure Develop human resources
(youth and women) Facilitate access to
information – technical, financing and marketing (local, regional, international)
Optimize the use of ICTs
Innovation is essential 4 Development
CTA & ASTI in the Future
Integrate training material into existing university programmes (ANAFE, FARA & RUFORUM as partners)
Support further training and case studies with a focus on French West and central Africa (ANAFE, CORAF/WECARD as partners)
Publish the outputs of ACP case studies on CTA K4D website
Build a community of practice of ACP experts on innovation systems
Link CTA innovation systems and value chain development work
