skyscraper history
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SKYSCRAPERSSKYSCRAPERS
SKYSCRAPER HISTORY
THE FIRST • HOME INSURANCE BUILDING,
• CHICAGO 1890
1871: Great Fire of Chicago destroys downtown
SHIBAM AD1
• SAN GEMINIANO ITALY 1200 AD
Los Angeles
WAINWRIGHT BUILDING, CHICAGO 1890
RELIANCE BUILDING 1894
The Economics of Skyscrapers: New York City
NEW YORK
• GRID PATTERN – 7M X 30M• NO DISPUTES• Downtown Manhattan bedrock is
very close to the surface. • Bedrock is stable.• As a result, costs of digging and
laying foundation are relatively low.
FLATIRON BUILDING 1903
1890: World Building Joseph Pulitzer's 1890: World Building Joseph Pulitzer's New YorkNew York WorldWorld (Newspaper row, 26 stories, first building in (Newspaper row, 26 stories, first building in NYC to surpass 284’ spire of Trinity Church) NYC to surpass 284’ spire of Trinity Church) 1902: Flatiron Building 1902: Flatiron Building 1913: Woolworth Building1913: Woolworth Building1915: 42-story Equitable Building.1915: 42-story Equitable Building.1916: NYC Zoning Laws1916: NYC Zoning Laws
PARK ROW BUILDING NEW
YORK 190830 FLOORS
SINGER BUILDING 1908
40 FLOORS
Jewellers' building Chicago
WOOLWORTH BUILDING 1913,
55 FLOORS
1916-WORLD WAR ONE 1916 zoning created ‘wedding cake’ style.
1920’s (“The Roaring Twenties”) saw a massive speculative and building frenzy.
Result: Race to the heavens. e.g. Chrysler vs. 40 Wall Street. Empire State Building Art Deco style. Depression and WWII put ‘kybosh’ on skyscraper market.
CHRYSLER BUILDING 1930,
77 FLOORS
EMPIRE STATE
BUILDING 1930, 90 FLOORS
LEVER BUILDING SEAGRAM BUILDING
WORLD TRADE CENTRE 1970, 110 FLOORS
NEW YORK
NEW YORK – SOLOW BUILDING
NEW YORK AT & T BUILDING
CHICAGO
TRANSAMERICA TOWER SAN FRANCISCO
SHANGHAI
MOSCOW
MEXICO CITY
PARIS
THE GHERKIN LONDON
HONG KONG
KHUALA LUMPUR
Ryugyong Hotel, Pyongyang, North Korea
JIN MAO SHANGHAI
BURJ - KALIFA
TWISTING TORSO
MALMOSWEDEN
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4muhc_QUGcI&feature=related
http://www.skyscraperpicture.com/index.htm
Good Night