skos & linked data - trinity college, dublin skos.pdf · 2015-03-03 · some skos applications...
TRANSCRIPT
SKOS & Linked DataAlexander O’Connor
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Tuesday 6 March 12
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Tuesday 6 March 12
Linked Open Data
1.On the Web, Open License
2.Machine Readable
3.Non-proprietary Format
4.RDF Standards
5. Linked RDF
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Tuesday 6 March 12
Linked Open Data
1.On the Web, Open License
2.Machine Readable
3.Non-proprietary Format
4.RDF Standards
5. Linked RDF
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Tuesday 6 March 12
How to Link Data?•Links happen at the instance level
•cf. Hyperlinks in HTML
•OWL:SameAs -- equivalence
•RDF:SeeAlso -- associative
Bib:aBook OWL:SameAs DBPedia:aBook.
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owl:sameAs• http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/eurostat/resource/regions/Berlin• fbase:Berlin• http://linkedgeodata.org/triplify/node/240109189#id• http://sws.geonames.org/2950159/
DBPedia Berlin
• Can use one concept list to query another databse:• ask Geonames about the concept known in DBPedia as Berlin
http://dbpedia.org/page/Berlin
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Agenda•RDF Recap•Vocabularies, Thesauri, KOSes•SKOS•SKOS-Mapping•Other Key Linked Data Vocabularies
•Dublin Core•Organisations•FOAF
•Linking Data•Asssignment
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How do we Establish
a Common Understanding?3
Tuesday 6 March 12
How do we Establish
a Common Understanding?
Agreed set of words (Vocabulary)
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Tuesday 6 March 12
How do we Establish
a Common Understanding?
Agreed set of words (Vocabulary)
Agreed set of word groups (Thesaurus)
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Tuesday 6 March 12
How do we Establish
a Common Understanding?
Agreed set of words (Vocabulary)
Agreed set of word groups (Thesaurus)
Agreed word Hierarchy (Taxonomy)
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Tuesday 6 March 12
How do we Establish
a Common Understanding?
Agreed set of words (Vocabulary)
Agreed set of word groups (Thesaurus)
Agreed word Hierarchy (Taxonomy)
Agreed Concepts & Relationships (Ontology)
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How do we Establish
a Common Understanding?4
Tuesday 6 March 12
How do we Establish
a Common Understanding?
Agreed File Format
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Tuesday 6 March 12
How do we Establish
a Common Understanding?
Agreed File Format
Agreed Character Set
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Tuesday 6 March 12
How do we Establish
a Common Understanding?
Agreed File Format
Agreed Character Set
Agreed Transfer Protocol
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Tuesday 6 March 12
How do we Establish
a Common Understanding?
Agreed File Format
Agreed Character Set
Agreed Transfer Protocol
Agreed Representation
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RDF Recap
http://www.sxc.hu/photo/3328725
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aBook
RDF Graph
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“Javascript”^^xsd:String
aBookhasTitle
RDF Graph
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“Javascript”^^xsd:String
aBookhasTitle
0596000480^^xsd:integerhasIsbn
RDF Graph
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“Javascript”^^xsd:String
aBookhasTitle
0596000480^^xsd:integerhasIsbn
aPublisherhasPublisher
“O’Reilly”^^xsd:StringhasName
RDF Graph
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“Javascript”^^xsd:String
aBookhasTitle
0596000480^^xsd:integerhasIsbn
aPublisherhasPublisher
“O’Reilly”^^xsd:StringhasName
aBook aPublisher
is-ais-a
RDF Graph
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Turtle
@PREFIX Ex:<http://example.com/>
exampleOne a Ex:Example.
exampleOne hasColour “Red”@en.
exampleOne hasOther Ex:ExampleTwo.
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Exercise 1: Write Triples
“Javascript”^^xsd:String
aBookhasTitle
0596000480^^xsd:integerhasIsbn
aPublisherhasPublisher
“O’Reilly”^^xsd:StringhasName
aBook aPublisher
is-ais-a
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SPARQLPREFIX Bib: <http://ex.org/Bib/>
SELECT ?isbn, ?title
WHERE {
?Book a Bib:Book.
?Book Bib:isbn ?isbn.
?title Bib:title "Javascript" .
}
?Book
?isbn
“Javascript”hasTitle
hasIsbn
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SKOS
http://www.sxc.hu/photo/85963414
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SimpleKnowledgeOrganisationSystem
(for the web)16
Tuesday 6 March 12
SimpleKnowledgeOrganisationSystem
(for the web)
Simple, machine readable format for
KOS
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SimpleKnowledgeOrganisationSystem
(for the web)
Simple, machine readable format for
KOS
Small Core with extensions
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SimpleKnowledgeOrganisationSystem
(for the web)
Simple, machine readable format for
KOS
Small Core with extensions
Support Decentralised,
Information Sharing
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Some SKOS Applications
2.1 Use Case #1 — An integrated view to medieval illuminated manuscripts
• 2.2 Use Case #2 — Bio-zen ontology framework for representing scientific discourse in life science
• 2.3 Use Case #3 — Semantic search service across mapped multilingual thesauri in the agriculture domain
• 2.4 Use Case #4 — Supporting product life cycle• 2.5 Use Case #5 — CHOICE@CATCH ranking of candidate terms for
description of radio and TV programs• 2.6 Use Case #6 — BIRNLex: a lexicon for neurosciences• 2.7 Use Case #7 — Radlex: a lexicon for radiology• 2.8 Use Case #8 — NSDL Metadata Registry
http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/NOTE-skos-ucr-2009081817
Tuesday 6 March 12
Some SKOS Applications
2.1 Use Case #1 — An integrated view to medieval illuminated manuscripts
• 2.2 Use Case #2 — Bio-zen ontology framework for representing scientific discourse in life science
• 2.3 Use Case #3 — Semantic search service across mapped multilingual thesauri in the agriculture domain
• 2.4 Use Case #4 — Supporting product life cycle• 2.5 Use Case #5 — CHOICE@CATCH ranking of candidate terms for
description of radio and TV programs• 2.6 Use Case #6 — BIRNLex: a lexicon for neurosciences• 2.7 Use Case #7 — Radlex: a lexicon for radiology• 2.8 Use Case #8 — NSDL Metadata Registry
http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/NOTE-skos-ucr-2009081818
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Exercise 2
•Examine the Library of Congress Subject Headings
•What classes/properties would you suggest?
http://www.loc.gov/aba/cataloging/classification/lcco/lcco_q.pdf
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Terms & Concepts
http://www.slideshare.net/seanb/skos-past-present-and-future20
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Relationship Model
http://www.slideshare.net/seanb/skos-past-present-and-future22
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Labels
http://www.slideshare.net/seanb/skos-past-present-and-future
•Lexical Labels associated with Concepts•Preferred: one per language•Alternate: variants •Hidden: mis-spellings
•No domains stated, so usage possible on any resource.
•Labels pairwise disjoint.
•Label Extension (SKOS-XL) provides additional support for descriptions of labels and links
between them•E.g. acronyms, abbreviations
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Documentation
http://www.slideshare.net/seanb/skos-past-present-and-future24
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Semantic Relations
http://www.slideshare.net/seanb/skos-past-present-and-future
•Hierarchical and Associative (Taxonomy & Thesaurus)•Broader/Narrower
•Loose (i.e. no formal) semantics•A publishing vehicle, not a set of
thesaurus construction guidelines•Domain/Range restrictions on semantic relations•Broader/narrower not transitive in SKOS
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Exercise
Devise a Taxonomy for Digital Humanities
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Library of Congress
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Library of Congress
http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2002000569.html#concept
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SKOS Mapping• Used to state mapping (alignment) links between SKOS concepts in
different concept schemes
• Hierarchichal
• skos:broadMatch
• skos:narrowMatch
• Associative
• skos:relatedMatch
• Equivalence
• skos:closeMatch
• skos:exactMatch
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equivalent in some sensenot transitive
strongly equivalentis transitive
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Summary•Organise Knowledge to suit
•Distributed
•Decentralised
•SKOS for terms, builds on RDF
•Reuse common Vocabularies for everything else
•Interlink Instances
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Links
•http://dublincore.org/resources/training/NISO_Webinar_20120222/NISO-DCMI_Webinar_20120222.pdf
•http://www.sameas.org
•http://wordnet.princeton.edu
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