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Skills & Training Needs 2013Victorian Health Careand Social Assistance Industry

Published by HESGDepartment of Education and Early Childhood Development

Melbourne February 2014

©State of Victoria (Department of Education and Early Childhood Development) 2014

The copyright in this document is owned by the State of Victoria (Department of Education and Early Childhood Development), or in the case of some materials, by third parties (third party materials). No part may be reproduced by any process except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968, the National Education Access Licence for Schools (NEALS) (see below) or with permission.

An educational institution situated in Australia which is not conducted for profit, or a body responsible for administering

such an institution may copy and communicate the materials, other than third party materials, for the educational purposes of the institution.

Authorised by the Department of Education and Early Childhood Development,2 Treasury Place, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002. ISBN 978-0-7594-0755-8

This document is also available on the internet at http://www.education.vic.gov.au/training/employers/

industry/Pages/marketinfo.aspx

CIntroductionIndustry and data scopeData 3Industry trends and issuesSummary points 4Industry outlook 5Economic contribution 7Employer profile 8Industry workforce and skillsSummary points 10Employment 11Labour market characteristics 12Job vacancies 15Employment trends by occupation 16Specialised and in-shortage occupations 19Industry vocational training provisionSummary points 21Training activity 22Training providers 26Funding patterns 27Regional training activity 29Student characteristics 31

6 Skills & Training Needs 2013 – Victorian Health Care and Social Assistance Industry

Introduction

In the context of Victoria’s complex and dynamic economy, a demand-led approach is the best way to ensure a responsive and dynamic vocational training system that will help as many people as possible build skills that lead to better jobs. This is most evident in the results of the market approach embodied in the Victorian Training Guarantee, which has achieved positive outcomes for both students and the economy.

The Refocusing Vocational Training (RVT) in Victoria reforms are designed to satisfy important criteria for a strong vocational training market. Through these reforms the Government will be able to more effectively manage the training market, ensuring that the vocational trainingsystem continues to produce positive outcomes for students, businesses and Victoria.

Through the RVT, there is a role for government in monitoring, providing information and responding to the performance of the vocational training system. A key mechanism by which the government exercises this role is through the Industry Participation Model (IPM). The IPM is based on a new partnership approach between government, industry and training providers. It increases industry influence within the training market by supporting more direct relationships between industry and training providers and by increasing direct consultation with government.

An aim of the IPM is to seek to improve information sharing about training provision, options, outcomes, gaps and associated barriers between industry, training providers and employers to improve responsiveness. A suite of information products and tools are been developed, of which this report is one, to support this aim and an overview of these are provided in the table following.

This report describes training and economic activity and developments related to Victoria’s Health Care and Social Assistance Industry, bringing together a range of qualitative and quantitative insights from desk research and industry engagement. It highlights both the challenges the industry faces in attracting the right skills, and the opportunities businesses, training providers and government haveto address these challenges. Key metrics used in this report include enrolments by sub-industry, qualification level, occupation, courses, age group, gender, learners facing barriers, provider type, reason for study and completions by related industry sub-sectors. The report also covers apprentices and trainees, and an analysis of the responsiveness of training delivery to specific occupational needs. The report produces industry, sub-industry and region-specific findings and, wherever possible, presents comparisons to developments at the State-level.

The purpose of this report is:

1. To provide a basis for understanding the Health Care and Social Assistance sector in relation to employment levels, skills shortage occupations, current alignment and responsiveness of the vocational training market to the needs of the sector and to provide an overview of the challenges and opportunities in meeting industry vocational skills needs both now and into the future.

2. To give detailed information around vocational training enrolments by occupation, location, qualification levels and other student characteristics, as it relates to the Health Care and Social Assistance industry sector in order to gauge current trends in vocational training delivery.

3. To summarise the context of the Health Care and Social Assistance sector in relation to the size and scale of the labour and training markets as well as the current policy, economic and social drivers that it is facing.

Introduction 1

Suite of Information Products & ToolsVictorian Quarterly Training Market ReportsOn-going series of quarterly reports aimed at providing a summary of Victorian training market performance following the introduction of the student entitlement system. The report covers three sections – the first provides an overview of the performance of the Victorian training market, the second section examines the participation of learners facing barriers and the third examines the alignment of training to industry skills needshttp://www.education.vic.gov.au/training/providers/market/Pages/reports.aspx

Vocational Training: Victoria’s Regional ReportAnnual publication examining training delivery in each of Victoria’s regions in the context of the local population, economy and workforce, building a picture of the relationship between the local training system and regional skills needs, training market performance and responsivenesshttp://www.education.vic.gov.au/ training/providers/market/Pages/ regionaltrends.aspx

Vocational Training: Victoria’s Industry ReportPublished annually, this report combines industry intelligence and economic analysis with training data to build a more complete picture of the relationship between industry skills needs, employment opportunities and skills training. Each of the 19 industry training profiles provide economic context and a summary of training challenges and highlights from IPM initiativeshttp://www.education.vic.gov.au/training/employers/industry/Pages/ marketinfo.aspx

Industry Sub-sector summary reports & Industry Factsheets46 sub-sector industry summary reports produced annually highlight industry labour and training market dynamics with an overview of current and forecast employment needs and vocational training patterns across the sectors and at the regional levelA series of factsheets are also available for 19 industrieshttp://www.education.vic.gov.au/training/employers/industry/Pages/marketinfo.aspx

Business Toolkit and Case StudiesToolkit for employers providing information on how to get government- subsidised training under the Victorian Training Guarantee; getting the best training for your business, with a helpful checklist; information of Recognition of Prior Learning; and a range of interesting employer and training provider case studieshttp://www.education.vic.gov.au/training/employers/workforce/Pages/marketfacilitation.aspx

IPM Portfolio Industry ReportsReleased in line with IPM Portfolio cycles, these reports describe training and economic activity and developments related to key Victoria’s industry sectors. Highlighted are both the challenges the industry faces in attracting the right skills, and the opportunities businesses, training providers and government have to address these challenges. A range of key workforce and training metrics are also provided. There are two tiers of reports. One are detailed reports, representing the focus industries for the Department in 2013, and summary reports covering other industry sectorshttp://www.education.vic.gov.au/training/employers/industry/Pages/ marketinfo.aspx

Industry BlogA forum for people interested in industry skills and training issues in Victoria, the blog features a range of topics relevant to stakeholders, information on recent industry events, groups and forums and new initiatives focused on enhancing market performance through facilitation activitieshttp://skillsblogvic.wordpress.com/

Industry Skills Update - e-AlertsRegular email update featuring the latest news about IPM activities; market facilitation and related government initiatives; reports; and training performance informationTo subscribe contact: Department of Education & Early Childhood Development, skills.online@edumail. vic.gov.au

Web Pages – Industry Training Market Information19 webpages with information about the skills and training market for industry sectors. For each industry, there’s a training snapshot, information about skills in demand, training market intelligence reports and factsheets along with more detailed reporting for each industry sub-sector. Information is updated regularlyhttp://www.education.vic.gov.au/training/employers/industry/Pages/ marketinfo.aspx

Rate Your TrainingNew ratings tool for industry and employers is a simple-to-use system where employers can rate the performance of a training provider in a particular study area against selected criteria, and review and compare the ratings of other employershttp://rateyourtraining.com.au/

E-Marketplace (in development)Website which facilitates connections between employers and training providers. Employers can anonymously post their training requirements and training providers are able to provide structured response online. Employers are then able to review the response with no obligation, create a shortlist and follow up directly with their preferred providers

Victorian Skills GatewayOne-stop-shop of Victorian vocational education and training to help find the best option for students. Searches can be performed on occupations, courses, training providers, video and written case studies. This website is also viewable via a purpose-built smartphone interface http://www.education.vic.gov.au/victorianskillsgateway/Pages/home.aspx

Hospitals

Hospitals (Except Psychiatric Hospitals)

Psychiatric Hospitals

Medical and Other Health Care Services

General Practice Medical Services

Specialist Medical Services

Pathology and Diagnostic Imaging Services

Dental Services

Optometry and Optical Dispensing

Physiotherapy Services

Chiropractic and Osteopathic Services

Other Allied Health Services

Ambulance Services

Other Health Care Services

Other Health Care Services n.e.c.

Residential Care Services

Aged Care Residential Services

Other Residential Care Services

Social Assistance Services

Child Care Services

Other Social Assistance Services

Industry and data scope 3

Industry and data scope

This section summarises the scope of the Health Care and Social Assistance Sector, as defined by the Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC) classification. The (ANZSIC) classifies the Health Care and Social Assistance industry into four broad sub-divisions:

• Hospitals• Medical and Other Health Care Services• Residential Care Services• Social Assistance Services

For the purposes of representing the industry’s employment levels, workforce characteristics, occupations in demand, job vacancies and vocational training activity, the above definitions have been used as far as possible (depending on data availability).

DataThe source of data on vocational training activities presented in Section 4 is the Department of Education and Early Childhood Development, Higher Education and Skills Group, Skills Victoria Training System (SVTS) – Government subsidised enrolments, accredited (state or national) qualifications only (excludes foundation training).

The report presents findings for the time period from 2008 to 2012, with an analysis of developments and patterns through to the 2012 calendar year. All enrolments referred to in the report are government subsidised only, except for one inclusion of summary TAFE fee-for-service activity. Fee-for- service activity is currently only available for the TAFEs and not for private training organisations or Adult and Community Education (ACE) providers.

All other data sources are referenced as appropriate within the report.


Industry trends and issues

This section focuses on the industry trends and outlook for the Health Care and Social Assistance sector; the economic contribution the industry makes to the overall Victorian economy and the number of businesses operating across the sector.

Summary points• The sector currently contributes around $19.6 billion to the State economy (7 per cent of the total - based on

conservative employment forecasts of around 330,600 in 2011-12). By 2016-17, this is forecast to rise to $22.1 billion. 73 per cent of this comes from the Melbourne metropolitan area.

• Current employment estimates are approximately 330,600 representing 12 per cent of the Victorian workforce. The sector is projected to grow to 346,000 workers by 2017.

• It is estimated that there are currently around 25,200 businesses operating in the sector across Victoria, of which 88 per cent are within the Medical and Other Health Care Services sub-sector. 75 per cent of establishments in the industry are located in metropolitan Melbourne and the other 25 per cent in regional Victoria, with the biggest concentrations in the 10 largest population centres.

• Major challenges for workforce development and skills utilisation for the sector include:o High demand for care from the community, driven by growing expectations, increasing co-morbidity, the

contribution of technology and an ageing population;o Ambitious government reforms to move the industry towards a client-led model of funding and care;o An increased focus on productivity and monitoring of roles to ensure greater appreciation of generalist roles

and better matching of the job requirements and skills; ando Development of more sustainable workforce development models, which provide more fluid pathways for workers

to move between sectors and from VET-based to higher education-based roles and vice versa.

Industry trends and issues 5

Industry outlookPolicy agendaThe Health Care and Social Assistance sector is currently at the centre of a government reform agenda that is fundamentally changing traditional models of care, with the pace of change accelerating.

The urgency for reform is driven by the continued growth in demand for health and community services across Australia, due to factors including population growth, population ageing, the shift of the burden of disease to chronic conditions, the demand for wellness promotion, and increasingly sophisticated consumer and workforce expectations.

As a result, some significant service delivery reforms are underway and summarised below. These reforms, at both the national and State level have substantial workforce implications, in terms of the capacity of the workforce, the re-structuring of jobs, and the skills required to deliver them, with subsequent knock-on effects on the demands placed on the vocational training system.

National Healthcare Agreement

• The Council of Australian Government’s (COAG) National Healthcare Agreement became effective in July 2012, with an overarching aim of improving health outcomes for all Australians and the sustainability of the health system. The agreement has seven objectives focused around prevention; primary and community health, hospital and related care;aged care, patient experience; social inclusion and indigineous health and sustainability.

National Disability

Agreement

• The National Disability Agreement, effective from December 2012, commits the Commonwealth and the States to improve the provision of services and opportunities to enhance the capacity of people with disability; ensure that services are person-centred; are responsive at an early stage and at key life transition points, and support the role of carers and families.

National Disability Insurance Scheme

• DisabilityCare Australia is the national disability insurance scheme. This is the new way of providing individualised support for eligible people with permanent and significantdisabilities, their families and carers. The scheme is being introduced in stages in Victoria and will begin in the Barwon area for people up to age 65 with a progressive roll out of the full scheme from July 2016.

National Indigenous

Reform Agreement

• Effective from November 2012, the agreement sets out the objectives, outcomes and outputs needed to close the gap in Indigenous disadvantage. COAG has agreed to six ‘closing the gap’ goals, of which two are specially health related.

• Close the current life expectancy gap within a generation

• Halve the gap in mortality rates between indigenous and non-indigenous children under age five within a decade.

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Workforce challengesIn order to meet the ongoing demands on the sector, workforce-specific challenges that the vocational training sector will need to respond to:

i. High demand for care – from the community, driven by growing expectations, increasing co-morbidity, the contribution of technology and an ageing population.

ii. Ambitious government reforms – to move the industry towards a client-led model of funding and care, beginning with the Aged Care Reform Package and the National Disability Insurance Scheme.

iii. Reduced growth in public expenditure – will facilitate an increased focus on productivity and monitoring of roles to ensure greater appreciation of generalist roles and better matching the actual job requirements and skills.

iv. Sustainable workforce development models – that make more efficient use of higher education and Vocational Education and Training (VET) based roles, and which provide more fluid pathways for workers to move between sectors and from VET-based to higher education-based roles and vice versa.

The skills needs focused around delivering against these workforce challenges can summarised below:

• An increased number of employees working outside of centralised services and who are instead based in the community, reducingtheir access to supervisory support and specialist assistance meaningthey need to work much more autonomously, and therefore need additional goal based planning skills, the ability to build client capacity and casemanagement and financial/ budgeting skills.

• Augmenting existing job roles with additional skill sets, such as disability care with education and support needs; aged care in the home while maintaining the patient’s healthy diet and home independence;co-morbidity support in the home, with the additional ‘all-round” needs that this brings from the patient.

• The move to client-led funding and the changing policy context means new skills demands for managing staff across multiple locations, withflexible work arrangements, and funding appropriate activities not covered off by traditional funding streams.

• Lack of leadership and management development opportunities in regional areas has a huge bearing on capacity in morerural areas.

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Economic contributionFigure 2.1 shows the historical and forecast growth of both employment and output in the sector from 2003-04 to 2016-17. Forecast figures are shown as dashed lines on the graph.

Figure 2.1: Employment and output trends in Victoria’s Health Care and Social Assistance sector, 2003-04 to 2016-17

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Sources: Monash Centre of Policy Studies (CoPS), employment and output forecasts, June 2012.

Between 2003-04 and 2011-12, the Health Care and Social Assistance industry across Victoria grew in terms of employment from 234,700 workers to an estimated 330,600 The sector currently represents 12 per cent of all employment across Victoria, and 25 per cent of Australia’s total Health sector workforce (see section 3 for further details). By 2016-17, current employment forecasts suggest that the industry will employ around 346,800 workers, and represent 11.4 per cent of the Victorian workforce.

At the national level, it is estimated that in 2011-12, the Health Care and Social Assistance sector contributed $97.4 billion to the overall Australian economy – Victoria’s proportion of this stood at 20.1 per cent, which equated to $19.6 billion of the State’s economy (7 per cent of the total). This is forecast to rise to $22.1 billion by 2016-17 – an increase of $2.5 billion.

At the sub-sector level, Hospitals accounted for 29 per cent of Victoria’s total Health Care and Social Assistance sector’s output in 2011-12; 31 per cent came from the Medical and Other Health Care Services; 17 per cent from Residential Care Services and 23 per cent from Social Assistance Services.

At the regional level, the Melbourne Metropolitan area accounts for 73 per cent of Victoria’s Health Care and Social Assistance sector’s output. However, it forms only 7 per cent of Melbourne’s total industry output (2011-12 figures), compared to a high of 8.5 per cent in the Grampians.


Employer profileIn June 2011, there were 25,177 businesses operating in the Health Care and Social Assistance sector; of which there were 12,100 businesses employing staff. Of the 13,100 sole traders (non-employing individuals), most (89 per cent) are in the Medical and Other Health Care Services sub-sector.

Table 2.1: Number of businesses by employment, by industry sub-sector, June 2011

Non employing

1 to 19 20 to 199 200+ Total

Hospitals (except Psychiatric Hospitals) 197 54 32 20 303

Psychiatric Hospitals 9 3 - - 12

Total - Hospitals 206 57 32 20 315

General Practice Medical Services 4,059 3,962 160 7 8,188

Specialist Medical Services 1,468 1,471 36 3 2,978

Pathology and Diagnostic Imaging Services 229 147 29 4 409

Dental Services 1,101 1,496 92 3 2,692

Optometry and Optical Dispensing 263 553 21 - 837

Physiotherapy Services 700 568 32 3 1,303

Chiropractic and Osteopathic Services 715 666 3 - 1,384

Other Allied Health Services 2,992 1,176 41 8 4,217

Ambulance Services 3 - 3 - 6

Other Health Care Services 77 66 9 3 155

Total - Medical and Other Health Care 11,607 10,105 426 31 22,169

Aged Care Residential Services 215 158 218 38 629

Other Residential Care Services 93 58 35 6 192

Total - Residential Care Services 308 216 253 44 821

Child Care Services 528 393 355 11 1,287

Other Social Assistance Services 428 127 24 6 585

Total - Social Assistance Services 956 520 379 17 1,872

Overall Total 13,077 10,898 1,090 112 25,177

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Count of Australian Businesses, including entries and exits, June 2011. Employment of those firms operating at the end of the 2010-11 financial year.


Overall, 43 per cent of businesses in the Victorian Health Care and Social Assistance sector are made up of businesses employing 1 to 19 people – in part driven by a high proportion of General Practice Medical Services (average across all industries is 35 per cent). The sector is also more likely to have a slightly larger workforce than average with 5 per cent employing 20 or more staff, compared to 4 per cent on average across all industries.

The high proportion of non-employing Hospitals and Medical and Other Heath Care (including Ambulance services) businesses is explained by self-employed contractors working within the sector who are register as businesses themselves.

46 per cent of firms in the Health Care and Social Assistance sector reported a turnover of between $200,000 and $2 million in 2011, compared to 30 per cent of businesses across all industry sectors in Victoria.

At the sub-sector level, differences to the overall Health Care and Social Assistance sector are most obvious in the following areas:

• 38 per cent of Social Assistance Services businesses operated with a turnover of less than $50,000 per year in 2011• 16 per cent of Residential Care Services have a turnover of $50,000 to $200,000 per annum, compared to an overall

average of 32.5 per cent for the Health Care and Social Assistance sector• 30 per cent of Residential Care Services have a turnover of $2 million or more per annum, compared to an average of

3.8 per cent across the whole sector.

Table 2.2: Proportion of businesses by turnover, by industry sub-sector, June 2011

Zero to less than $50k

$50k to less than $200k

$200k to less than $2m

$2m or more

Hospitals 19 31.7 31.7 17.5

Medical and Other Health Care Services 16.5 33.7 47.2 2.6

Residential Care Services 15.6 16 38.4 30.1

Social Assistance Services 37.7 25.6 32.2 4.5

Overall Health and Social Assistance 18.1 32.5 45.6 3.8

All industries 29.1 34.8 30.3 5.9

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics, Count of Australian Businesses, including entries and exits, June 2011. Employment of those firms operating at the end of the 2010-11 financial year.

In terms of business location, 75 per cent of establishments in the industry are located in Metropolitan Melbourne and the other 25 per cent in Regional Victoria.

In Metropolitan Melbourne, businesses are broadly spread throughout the city and suburbs, reflecting the population service delivery nature of the industry, with higher concentrations in areas where the major hospitals are located.

In Regional Victoria, the biggest concentrations are largely confined to the 10 largest population centres including Geelong, Bendigo and Ballarat. The average number of establishments per regional shire or regional city area is around 100, well below the Metropolitan average of 470.


Industry workforce and skills

This section focuses on the employment levels of the major occupations within the Health Care and Social Assistance sector, including employment by age, gender and qualification levels. It also includes information about current levels of job vacancies and the degree to which the occupations are likely to be in demand in the future.

Summary points• In 2011-12, the Health Care and Social Assistance sector across Victoria employed 330,600 people, 24.6 per

cent of Australia’s total Health-related workforce. By 2016-17, current forecasts suggest that the sector will grow by an additional 16,200 workers.

• Currently, 43.3 per cent of the sector’s workforce is aged 45 or above, compared to an all industry average in Victoria of 38.5 per cent. In particular, almost half of the Residential Care Services workforce is 45 or above. A high proportion of aged care workers do not enter the sector until they are 40 or above

• Almost three-quarters (74.1 per cent) of the workforce in the sector is female, with the highest proportion of males (29.8 per cent) in the Medical and Other Health Care Services sector. The industry also has 47.9 per cent of its workforce that are part-time, compared to an all industry average of 31.6 per cent across the State

• While the workforce of the Hospitals and Medical and Other Health Care Services sub-sectors are dominated by a graduate-qualified workforce, the Residential Care Services and Social Assistance Services sub-sectors have a qualification profile more similar to the overall State average, with Certificates III–IV being of more relevance across these sectors, reflecting the importance of VET

• Taking both employment growth and replacement demand into account, it is estimated that the sector will require an average of 20,100 new jobs per year, to 2016-17 across Victoria. Registered Nurses and Aged & Disabled Carers are forecast to show the most substantial annual employment requirements

• VET-specific occupations in shortage include Welfare Workers, Enrolled Nurses, Community Workers, Disabilities Services Officers, Family Support Workers, Child Care Workers and Aged or Disabled Carers .

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Industry workforce and skills 11

EmploymentIn 2011-12, it was estimated that the Health Care and Social Assistance sector across Victoria employed around 330,600 people– 12 per cent of employment across the State, and 25 per cent of Australia’s total Health-related workforce.

Hospitals and Medical and Other Health Care Services make up the largest proportion of employment at around 31 per cent each, and each representing just over 100,000 workers. The Residential Care Services sub-sector constitutes around 55,900 workers (17 per cent of the overall sector’s workforce), whilst Social Assistance Services makes up the remaining 21 per cent (70,700 workers).

Current forecasts suggest that between 2011-12 and 2016-17 the industry will increase net employment by around 16,200 people – up to 346,800 workers; representing a 4.9 per cent increase, compared to a current forecast of 5.6 per cent across all industries on average in Victoria.

Figure 3.1: Forecast employment increases in Health Care and Social Assistance to 2016-17

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Source: Monash Centre of Policy Studies (CoPS), employment forecasts, June 2012. Figures show ‘000s of workers.

Figure 3.1 shows how this increase in employment is likely to affect the different elements of the overall Health sector, with an additional 4,500 jobs in Hospitals, 3,100 in Residential Care Services, 2,600 in Other Social Assistance Services and 2,300 in Allied Health Services.

3.3 2.8 2.7 3.1 2.7 2.6

5.6 6.1 6.6 5.5 6.9 5.7


Labour market characteristicsEmployment by ageFigure 3.2 shows the age profile of the workforce of Victoria’s Health Care and Social Assistance sector, compared to the average across all industries. The workforce is older than average, with 43.3 per cent aged 45 or over, compared to an all industry average of 38.5 per cent.

At the sub-sector level, the workforce has a higher than average proportion of workers that are 45 or above in the Residential Care Services sector (48.9 per cent), while over a quarter (26 per cent) of the Medical and Other Health Care Services sub-sector is aged 25 to 34.

Concerns around the age profile of the workforce, and the fact that it is ageing faster than the Australian workforce overall, are flagged by the latest Community Services and Health Industry Skills Council E-Scan. Three implications of this are highlighted:

• The re-emergence of wide-spread skills shortages, as workers in the older age groups exit the workforce in the near future;

• Models of workforce retention and training with older workers to keep their skills and experience in the industry; and

• Skilled migration options.

Figure 3.2: Age profile of Victoria’s Health Care and Social Assistance workforce, compared to the average across all industries, 2011-12100%

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Hospitals Medical and Other Health Care services

Residential Care services

Social assistance services

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55 to 59 60 to 64 65+


Source: Monash Centre of Policy Studies (CoPS), employment forecasts, June 2012.


Employment by genderThe Health Care and Social Assistance sector is predominantly staffed by females, who represent 74.1 per cent of the workforce, rising to 76.8 per cent in the Social Assistance Services sub-sector.

The sector also has a significant level of part-time employment, with 52.1 per cent of workers employed full-time and 47.9 per cent employed part-time, compared to the overall industry averages across Victoria of 68.4 per cent and 31.6 per cent respectively.

Table 3.1: Gender profile of workers in Health Care and Social Assistance occupations in Victoria, 2011-12

All industries Overall Health sector

Hospitals Medical and Other

Health Care

Residential Care

Social Assistance

Male workforce %

54.2 26 24.7 29.8 25.2 22.9

Female workforce %

45.9 74.1 75.4 70.1 74.8 76.8

Source: Monash Centre of Policy Studies (CoPS), employment forecasts, June 2012.


Employment by qualification levelA high proportion of workers employed in the Health Care and Social Assistance sector across Victoria are qualified to graduate level or above, with 43 per cent qualified to this level, compared to an average of 29 per cent across all industries.

Figure 3.3: Qualification profile of workers in key Health Care and Social Assistance occupations in Victoria, 2011-12

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sector

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Residential Care services

Social assistance services

No post school quals Certificate I or II Certificate II or IV Diploma Graduate level or above

In the Hospital and Medical and Other Health Care Services sectors these figures rise to 55 per cent and 48 per cent respectively. The workforce of the Residential Care Services and Social Assistance Services sub-sectors on the other-hand have a qualification profile closer to the overall State average, with Certificates III-IV being of more relevance across these sectors, reflecting the importance of a VET-trained workforce.

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Job vacanciesFigure 3.4 shows the number of on-line vacancies advertised for key VET-trained employing occupations in the Health Care and Social Assistance sector over the past two years.

• Child Carers and Aged and Disabled Carers are the occupations most frequently advertised. However, recent research by DEEWR suggests that only 48 per cent of Child Carer vacancies get filled.

• Across Nursing Support and Personal Care Workers there has been a broad trend downwards in the number of on-line advertisements since March 2012, from a high of just over 200, down to an average of around 130 in May 2013.On-line advertisements for Enrolled Nurses and Welfare Support Workers have remained broadly similar across the last two years, with an average of around 80 and 100 advertisements per three-monthly average respectively.

Figure 3.4: Number of newly lodged online vacancies in key Health Care and Social Assistance occupations in Victoria, January 2011 to May 2013

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Child Carers Aged and Disabled Carers Nursing Support and Personal Care Workers

Welfare Support Wrks Enrolled Nurses Massage Therapists

Source: Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations (DEEWR), Internet Vacancy Index (based on count of on-line vacancies newly lodged on SEEK, My Career, CareerOne and Australian JobSearch), June 2013.


Data shown is three-monthly averages, and is not seasonally adjusted.


Employment trends by occupationTable 3.2 highlights the occupations at four-digit ANZSCO level (Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations) that align to the Health Care and Social Assistance industry.

Forecasts presented in the table estimate the expected average annual employment needs. The average annual employment needs includes employment growth or decline2 and replacement demand3 by occupation for the next five years.

Over the next five years within the Health Care and Social Assistance industry average annual employment needs are expected to be approximately 20,100 per year.

Table 3.2: Estimated annual employment growth + replacement demand figures for occupations in the Health Care and Social Assistance sector across Victoria

Occupation name 2011-12employment

total

Average annual employment needs

to 2016-17

Overall employment growth to 2016-17

for occupation

Registered Nurses 51,830 3,180 2,730

Aged & Disabled Carers 28,000 1,730 2,600

Receptionists 23,090 1,030 -630

Kitchenhands 7,920 620 510

Nursing Support Workers 17,880 600 -570

Occupational Therapists 2,670 530 450

Medical Imaging Professionals 4,820 520 780

Child Carers 19,660 490 -2,040

Generalist Medical Practitioners 9,550 450 290

Midwives 3,880 420 290

Medical Technicians 5,760 410 810

Social Workers 4,820 400 690

Health & Welfare Services Managers 4,450 370 520

Physiotherapists 2,980 340 380

Welfare Support Workers 6,380 340 230

2 Forecast employment growth or decline is the expected change in the number of jobs within an occupation year to year. The period presented in the table from 2011-12 to 2016-17.

3 Replacement demand is the number of existing workers that are forecast to leave the occupation through retirement, moving into a different industry or occupation or moving interstate etc. that require replacing to meet existing employment needs.



total


to 2016-17


for occupation

Enrolled & Mothercraft Nurse 4,360 320 -480

Ambulance Officers and Paramedics 4,100 310 -100

Dental Assistants 4,240 300 100

Nurse Managers 2,490 300 570

Complementary Health Therapists 2,110 290 260

Psychologists 3,520 290 700

Dental Practitioners 3,260 280 390

Massage Therapists 2,850 270 450

Dietitians 1,480 230 330

Medical Laboratory Scientists 3,470 200 530

General Clerks 4,380 190 390

Commercial Cleaners 6,120 180 -10

Nurse Educators & Researchers 1,290 170 290

Other Medical Practitioners 2,080 170 380

Pharmacists 1,340 160 210

Podiatrists 1,660 160 0

Speech Professionals & Audiologists 1,420 160 80

Child Care Centre Managers 1,560 140 0

Contract, Program & Project Administrators 2,450 140 430

Welfare & Community Arts Workers 3,010 140 270

Payroll Clerks 1,220 130 130

Practice Managers 3,410 120 170

Accounting Clerks 2,090 110 120

Chiropractors & Osteopaths 1,970 110 -190



total


to 2016-17


for occupation

Counsellors 1,930 110 -170

Diversional Therapists 1,490 110 190

Office Managers 3,150 110 130

Surgeons 1,570 110 190

Internal Medicine Specialists 1,330 100 190

Optometrists & Orthoptists 890 100 0

Note: VET-related Health occupations are highlighted in green


Specialised and in-shortage occupations4

This section focuses on current skills shortages in specific occupations related to the Health Care and Social Assistance industry as well as those occupations that are specialised. The Department’s analysis of skill shortages considers both quantitative evidence and intelligence gathered through industry consultation.

Highlighted below are the occupations within the Health Care and Social Assistance industry that are deemed to be specialised and/or in shortage.

Child Care Centre Managers are identified as in shortage and are a specialised occupation within Victoria. In particular, metropolitan employers report experiencing difficulty recruiting Bachelor degree qualified Child Care Managers or those with prior management experience.

Job market patterns indicate that on average 60 per cent of vacancies are filled, with an average number of applicants per post of 4.2, with 1.3 being deemed suitable.

Child Care CentreManagers Skills Shortage S

pecialised Occupation

Welfare Support Workers are identified as in shortage or a specialised occupation within Victoria.

Welfare Supportworkers Skills Shortage S

pecialised Occupation

Enrolled Nurses are identified as an in shortage and specialised occupation within Victoria. On average 68 per cent of advertised posts get filled, with 5 applicants per post of which less than 1 is deemed suitable.

Changing service models are impacting on the nature of practice and skills required for enrolled nurses in aged care with endorsement in medication administration.

Specialisations with specific skill needs include: mental health, clinical assessment, chronic disease, community and home based care, supervision and delegation, clinical priority setting, and clinical risk management and quality processes.

Enrolled Nurses Skills Shortage Specialised Occupation


4 DEECD used the Australian Workforce and Productivity Agency (formerly Skills Australia) list of specialised occupations. These occupations have a long lead-time for training, high economic value and a significant match between training and employment

Industry vocational training provision 23

Disabilities Services Officers: The introduction of the National Disability Insurance Scheme is driving demand for both new and existing workforce and the increasing demand for individualised services, with Disabilities Services Officers both specialised and in shortage within Victoria.

DisabilitiesServices Officers Skills Shortage

Specialised Occupation

Child Care Workers are identified as an in shortage and specialised occupation within Victoria. In Metropolitan areas for example it was found that there were less than one applicant per post is deemed suitable, compared to 1.4 in regional areas. On average 48 per cent of advertised posts get filled.

Regional employers in particular experienced difficulty recruiting diploma qualified or experienced Child Care Workers.

Child Care Workers Skills Shortage Specialised Occupation

Aged or Disabled Carers are identified as an in shortage and specialised occupation within Victoria. Changes to service models such as the Homes and Community Care Active Service Model are increasing demand for community-based aged care workers. In addition, Australia’s ageing population, improved health treatments and the ageing of the existing workforce are adding to the demand for skills in this occupation.

Aged or DisabledCarers Skills Shortage

Specialised Occupation


Industry vocational training provision

This section focuses on government subsidised vocational training across the main Health Care and Social Assistance occupations in Victoria. It covers enrolments in vocational training activity over the period 2008 to 2012 by course and occupational level, the most popular courses undertaken, funding patterns, regional training activity and student characteristics.

Summary points• Government-subsidised Health Care and Social Assistance-related course enrolments increased by 160 per cent

between 2008 and 2012. Of these, the largest proportion (around 47,000 enrolments) is aligned to the Social Assistance Services sub-sector. Between 2011 and 2012, enrolments in courses supporting the industry increased by

26.5 per cent.

• There currently seems to be good alignment of enrolments to specialised/in-shortage occupations in the Health Care and Social Assistance industry. However, enrolment numbers in the following occupational areas may warrant further monitoring: Welfare Centre Managers, Dieticians, Drug and Alcohol Counsellors and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Workers.

• Enrolments are spread across most age groups and have remained broadly stable over the last five years. There are examples of increased enrolment numbers by younger aged students in courses supporting occupations with an ageing workforce

• In 2012, 59 per cent of enrolments in courses in the Health Care and Social Assistance sector were by employed students, compared to 65.7 per cent in 2008. Over the same time period, there has been a significant increase in the proportion of enrolments by unemployed students. In particular, courses supporting the Residential Care Services sector attracted a high proportion of unemployed students.

• In 2012, 70.4 per cent of all Health Care and Social Assistance related enrolments were delivered in the Melbourne Metropolitan area, 26.2 per cent in Regional Victoria and 3.4 per cent were non-region specific e.g. delivered on-line. Between 2011 and 2012, all regions showed a growth in enrolments. The highest proportion of enrolments (20.2 per cent) were delivered in the Southern Metropolitan region


Training activityEnrolmentsIn 2012, there were around 77,600 enrolments in government funded, accredited vocational training courses aligned to the Health Care and Social Assistance sector. The majority of these (61 per cent) were in courses that primarily support the Social Assistance Services sub-sector

Between 2011 and 2012, enrolments across all Health related courses increased by 27 per cent, with the strongest growth (35 per cent) in courses aligned to Residential Care Services.

Table 4.1: Government subsidised vocational training activity in Health Care and Social Assistance courses, 2008-2012

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 % change 2011-2012

Hospitals 20 20 20 190 240 28.5

Medical and Other Health Care Services

2,420 2,970 4,030 6,210 7,220 16.2

Residential Care Services 3,490 4,300 5,000 7,730 10,410 34.6

Social Assistance Services 16,750 21,240 28,380 37,080 47,040 26.8

Health Care and Social Assistance (generic)

7,220 7,580 8,410 10,190 12,740 25.1

Total Health Care and Social Assistance enrolments

29,900 36,100 45,830 61,400 77,650 26.5

Source of data for all tables, graphs and text in this section is: Department of Education and Early Childhood Development (DEECD), Higher Education and Skills Group, Skills Victoria Training System (SVTS) - Government funded enrolments, accredited (state or national) qualifications only (excludes Foundation training), February 2013.

Qualification levelsTable 4.2, opposite, highlights course enrolments under each industry sector and the occupations to which they are best aligned.

For Hospital-related occupations supported by the vocational training sector, enrolments were in courses aligned to Nursing Support Workers, Operating Theatre Technicians and Medical Technicians n.e.c. (not elsewhere classified).

For Medical and Other Health Care Services, the key occupations for enrolments in 2012 were for Massage Therapists, Emergency Services Workers, Medical Technicians n.e.c., Dental Assistants and Natural Remedy Consultants.

For Social Assistance Services, the largest proportion of enrolments were in courses supportive of Child Care Workers, Aged or Disabled Carers, Disabilities Services Officers, Welfare Workers and Residential Care Officers.

Significant increases in enrolments in the Certificate III in Children’s Services and Diploma of Children’s Services in response to the amendments to the Children’s Services Act 1996 (Victorian Act) and the Children’s Services Regulations 2009 which made it mandatory for children’s services workers to be qualified with either a Certificate III or Diploma in Children’s Services by 1st January 2014.


Table 4.2: Health Care and Social Assistance enrolments by occupation, 2008-2012

Occupation 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Courses aligned to Hospitals Medical Technicians <10 <10 20 20

Nursing Support Worker 20 10 20 120 160

Operating Theatre Technician <10 <10 50 60

Hospitals - Total 20 20 20 190 240

Courses aligned to Medical and Other Health Care Services

Ambulance Officer 10 10 50 80 110

Anaesthetic Technician <10 30

Community Arts Worker <10 30

Community Worker 10

Counsellors 120 390 480

Dental Assistant 690 810 840 850 780

Dental Technician 100 120 170 170 140

Dietician 20 50

Emergency Service Worker 320 450 440 1,120 1,000

Massage Therapist 830 950 1,450 2,300 2,960

Medical Technicians 290 290 440 590 820

Natural Remedy Consultant 20 180 340 480 630

Nursing Support Worker 20 <10 50 30

Optical Dispenser 100 90 90 80 90

Optical Mechanic 20 30 30 10 10

Practice Managers 10 50 50 70 70

Radio Despatcher <10 <10

Medical and Other - Total 2,420 2,970 4,030 6,210 7,220

Courses aligned to Residential CareServices

Aged or Disabled Carer 3,490 4,300 4,940 7,690 10,360

Policy and Planning Manager <10

Residential Care Officer 60 40 50

Residential Care Services - Total

3,490 4,300 5,000 7,730 10,410


Occupation 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Courses aligned to Social Assistance Services

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education Worker

10

Aged or Disabled Carer 2,900 3,940 3,890 5,270 6,540

Child Care Centre Manager 200 400 440 530 850

Child Care Worker 7,260 9,040 14,260 19,700 25,600

Community Worker 1,370 1,370 1,910 2,440 2,890

Counsellors 210 530 300 20 10

Disabilities Services Officer 2,000 2,640 3,110 3,850 4,860

Diversional Therapist 300 400 340 550 780

Drug and Alcohol Counsellor 210 300 170 50 20

Family and Marriage Counsellor 10 10

Family Support Worker 170 210 130 210 210

Residential Care Officer 680 620 850 880 1,200

Welfare Centre Manager 150 110 240 310 280

Welfare Worker 1,310 1,690 2,750 3,260 3,790

Social Assistance Services - Total

16,750 21,240 28,380 37,080 47,040


Occupation 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Courses aligned to Health Care and Social Assistance (generic)

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Worker

50 60 70 50 80

Ambulance Officer 20 40 20 80 890

Commercial Cleaner 30 40 30 360 110

Enrolled Nurse 4,640 4,820 5,330 6,440 7,240

Garden Labourer 10

Handyperson <10

Health Practice Manager 60 180 320 500 400

Health Promotion Officer 20 20 20

Hospital Orderly 180

Kitchenhand <10

Laundry Worker (General) 10

Medical Receptionist 260 540 600 610 880

Medical Technicians nec <10

Nursing Support Worker 1,560 1,210 1,460 1,510 2,490

Personal Care Assistant 260 610 510 590 630

Pharmacy Sales Assistant 60 20 <10

Pharmacy Technician 60 40 50 60 30

Generic - Total 7,220 7,580 8,410 10,190 12,740


Apprentices and traineesIn 2012, almost 90 per cent of Health Care and Social Assistance sector enrolments were neither apprenticeships nor traineeships. Almost all of the remainder were traineeships. In comparison, in 2008, just over 20 per cent of enrolments were traineeships.

Whilst the proportion of traineeships has declined as a proportion of all enrolments in courses aligned to the sector, the actual number has increased from around 6,100 in 2008 to 7,800 in 2012. Of these, 20 per cent were in the Diploma of Children’s Services (Early Childhood Education and Care); 17 per cent were in Certificate III in Children’s Services, 8 per cent in Certificate IV in Disability and 8 per cent in Certificate III in Dental Assisting.

Of the 80 apprentices across the sector in 2012, all were undertaking the Diploma of Dental Technology.

Top 5 courses by enrolmentIn 2012, the top 5 courses for enrolments were:

• Certificate IIII in Children’s Services (15,800 enrolments)• Diploma of Children’s Services (Early Childhood Education and Care) (9,100 enrolments)• Certificate III in Aged Care (8,700 enrolments)• Diploma of Nursing (Enrolled/Division 2 Nursing) (6,000 enrolments)• Certificate III in Home and Community Care (4,400 enrolments).

Training providersOverall across the Health Care and Social Assistance sector, TAFEs accounted for 35 per cent of enrolments in 2012, private provision, 53 per cent, and ACE (Adult and Community Education), 12 per cent. These proportions have changed over the past five years, with TAFEs and ACE losing market share to private provision, although the actual number of enrolments across all three provider types has increased.

In 2008, there were 155 providers delivering 1 or more enrolments in Health Care and Social Assistance related courses and 135 delivering 10 or more enrolments. By 2012, there were 230 providers, of which 212 were delivering 10 or more enrolments.

Table 4.3: Enrolments by training provider type, 2008-2012

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

TAFE % of all enrolments 68.1 62.1 54 41.1 34.5

Enrolments 20,360 22,430 24,770 25,260 26,790

Private % of all enrolments 16.8 20.2 31.1 45.9 53.2

Enrolments 5,020 7,310 14,240 28,200 41,350

ACE % of all enrolments 15.1 17.6 14.9 12.9 12.2

Enrolments 4,520 6,360 6,820 7,950 9,510

Total Enrolments 29,900 36,100 45,830 61,400 77,650


Funding patternsAs part of the Refocusing Vocational Training reforms which were introduced in July 2012, higher hourly subsidy rates have been attributed to foundation and apprenticeship qualifications, and lower rates to diplomas and above (where there is higher private benefit and income contingent student loans are available) and to lower-level certificates where direct vocational benefit is lower.

The subsidy for each course reflects an assessment of its current ‘public value’– with courses of greatest public value receiving the highest level of subsidy (Band A), and courses of lowest public value – the least (Band E). For example, the highest subsidy bands (Bands A and B) include all apprenticeships, all foundation courses and many courses relating to skills shortage and specialised occupations such as aged care and nursing professions.

Table 4.4: 2012 Health Care and Social Assistance related enrolments by subsidy band

Subsidy band 2012 enrolments 2012 enrolments (%)

Hospitals Band B 240 100

Medical and Other Health Care Services Apprentice (Band A) 80 1.1

Band B 1,820 25.2

Band C 3,000 41.6

Band D 2,320 32.1

Residential Care Services Band B 10,360 99.5

Band C 50 0.5

Social Assistance Services Band B 10,210 21.7

Band C 36,810 78.3

Band D 10 0

Health Care and Social Assistance (generic) Band B 11,650 91.4

Band C 1,100 8.6

44.1 52.7 3

43.8 52.9 3.1


Figure 4.1 highlights the current number of enrolments by subsidy band for 2012 across the Health Care and Social Assistance sector, with figures for 2011 shown for comparison purposes only. In 2012:

• 0.1 per cent of all course enrolments attracted the highest subsidy band – Apprentice Band A. All of these enrolments are aligned to one course – the Diploma of Dental Technology;

• 44 per cent of enrolments were in Band B;• 53 per cent in Band C;• 3 per cent of enrolments were in Band D; and• No enrolments were in Band E.

Figure 4.1: 2012 Health Care and Social Assistance related enrolments by subsidy band

2012

2011

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Band A Band B Band C Band D

2011 figures shown for comparison purposes only. Course funding bands were introduced from July 2012 onwards.


Regional training activityIn 2012, 70 per cent of all Health Care and Social Assistance-related enrolments were delivered in the Melbourne Metropolitan area, 26 per cent in Regional Victoria, and 3.4 per cent that were non-region specific e.g. delivered on-line.

Over time, the proportion of overall enrolment delivery has shifted in favour of the metropolitan areas, but as can be seen from Table 4.5, all regions have shown an increase in the actual number of enrolments in their areas since 2008.

Table 4.5: Proportion of Health Care and Social Assistance enrolments by region, 2008 - 2012

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 % growth 2011-2012

Barwon South West 2,800 3,960 4,360 5,780 6,730 16.5

Gippsland 1,710 2,190 2,510 2,500 3,110 24.4

Grampians 1,670 1,940 2,040 2,190 2,520 15

Hume 2,540 3,500 3,670 3,580 4,370 22.3

Loddon Mallee 1,940 2,370 3,040 3,290 3,740 13.7

Eastern Metropolitan 3,490 4,440 6,550 8,550 9,370 9.6

Northern Metropolitan 2,590 3,970 4,820 6,490 9,210 41.9

Southern Metropolitan 4,570 5,590 7,190 11,450 15,240 33.2

Western Metropolitan 1,670 2,180 3,440 5,940 8,920 50.3

Inner Melbourne 4,780 4,910 6,910 9,470 12,290 29.7

Not Region-specific e.g. online 2,200 1,200 1,440 2,350 2,650 12.9


Figure 4.2 shows the number of enrolments and providers by region delivering Health Care and Social Assistance courses in 2012, with the largest number of providers offering training within regional Victoria in Barwon South West (30 providers); and within Metropolitan Melbourne in the Melbourne CBD (59 providers).

Figure 4.2: Number of enrolments and training providers by region, 2012


Student characteristicsFigure 4.3 shows the proportion of enrolments by age-band in 2012 for each of the industry sub-sectors covered in the

report. On average, across all enrolments aligned to the Health Care and Social Assistance sector, in 2012:

• 30 per cent were aged 15 to 24;• 22 per cent were aged 25 to 34;• 23 per cent were aged 35 to 44;• 18 per cent were aged 45 to 54; and• 7 per cent were aged 55 to 64.

The Health Care and Social Assistance industry has an older than average age profile. This particularly evident in the disability and aged care workforces. However, it appears the vocational training market is aligning to industry needs.

Figure 4.3: Age profile of government-funded students in accredited Health Care and Social Assistance related course enrolments, 2012

100%

80%

60%

8.9

39.2

5.4

15.6

20.6

10.6

24.2

6.0

16.9

23.6

6.8

19.0

20.2

6.7

18.2

23.0

40%30.4

20.8

25.2

24.019.2

22.2

18.9

20%

16.0

37.5

21.1

29.734.8 30.0

5.50%

Hospitals Medical Residential Social Generic Overall

15 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44

45 to 54 55 to 64


Table 4.5 highlights that in 2012 the majority of enrolments across all areas relating to the Health Care and Social Assistance sector were by employed students (59 per cent). However, there is a significant proportion that are also either unemployed (31 per cent) or not in the labour force (9 per cent). Over time, the proportion of unemployed students has increased, reflecting the current tightening of labour market conditions across Victoria. Figure 4.4 highlights the breakdown for 2012 by sub-sector.

Table 4.5: Proportion of enrolments in 2012 by employment status

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Employed 65.7 66.9 64.7 59.9 59

Not in labour force 8.8 7.5 7.5 8 8.5

Not stated 6.1 5 4.2 3.2 1.4

Unemployed 19.4 20.6 23.6 28.8 31

Figure 4:4: Proportion of enrolments in 2012 by employment status, by sub-sector

100%

80%

18.4

0.8

21.1

10.246.5

31.821.5

10.6

31.0

60% 8.1 8.5

40%

20%

80.3

68.0

6.9

45.2

58.4

67.359.0

0%

Hospitals Medical Residential Social Generic Overall

Employed Not in labour force Not stated Unemployed


Whilst the proportion of traineeships has declined as a proportion of all enrolments in courses aligned to the sector, the actual number has increased from 6,100 in 2008 to 7,800 in 2012. Of these, 20 per cent were in the Diploma of Children’s Services (Early Childhood Education and Care); 17 per cent were in Certificate III in Children’s Services, 8.2 per cent in Certificate IV in Disability and 8 per cent in Certificate III in Dental Assisting.

Of the 80 apprentices across the sector in 2012, all were undertaking the Diploma of Dental Technology.

Figure 4.5: Proportion of trainees and apprentices as a percentage of enrolments

100%

20.4 17.8

14.5 12.3

10.0

80%

60%

40% 79.3 81.9 85.2 87.689.9

20%

0%

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Not apprentice or trainee Trainee Apprentice

skills & training needs - health care · web viewdental practitioners 3,260 280 390 massage...

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