skeletal system
TRANSCRIPT
SKELETAL SYSTEMPrepared by:
MARICARR D. ALEGRE
FUNCTIONS
• It gives support to the body• Protects the internal organs• Make the body movement possible
through the help of the muscles• It store and releases important mineral • It produces millions of red blood cells
every second of your life
• The human body has 206 bones, which may be grouped as follows:
I. Axial Skeleton
1. Skull2. Backbone3. Rib Cage
II. Appendicular Skeleton1. Bones of the forelimb2. Shoulder girdle3. Bones of the hind limbs4. Pelvic girdle
OSTEOLOGY
• The study of the bones which make up the skeletal system
BONES• The most complex and most versatile of all the
tissues• They have blood vessels, lymphatic vessels
and nerve tissues• They are also composed of 2/3 inorganic
mineral- calcium phosphate and 1/3 organic animal matter- a gelatinlike, elastic substance called collagen
• They are also hard yet flexible
COLLAGEN
PERIOSTEUM
• A tough membrane that surrounds and protects the bones
• It also holds the muscles in place and produces the bone forming cells
COMPACT BONE
• A hard, dense material beneath the periosteum
• It gives the bone the much needed strength to carry heavy objects
OSTEOCYTES
• Another term for bone cells• It make up the
compact bone
HAVERSIAN CANALS
• Concentric rings in which the osteocytes are arranged
SPONGY BONE
• Located at the end of the bone knob
• It makes the bone knob light
BONE MARROW
• Soft inner part of the bone
• Rich in nerves and blood vessels
• 2 types– Red marrow– Yellow marrow
CARTILAGE
• A softer version of the hard bone
JOINTS
BALL AND SOCKET JOINT
• One in which the rounded surface of one bone moves within a cup-shaped depression in another bone
• It allows the bone to rotate our arm 360 degrees
HINGE JOINT
• Allows movement in only plane- forward and backward
PIVOT JOINT
• It allows to rotate 180 degrees
SUTURE JOINT
• Immovable
GLIDING JOINT
• The surfaces of adjoining joint are flat