BROTTKRRSHJDEN SKANSKAFACTS ABOUT THE PROJECT Main contractor: Skanska Sub contractor: Skanska Vg & anlggning Vst Area: Brottkrr Type: Villas Type of ownership: Proprietorship Fixed price: 5 460 000 - 7 200 000 SEK OUR METHOD Brief interviews with the site manage-ment of the ground works Free observations,: order in the con-struction site, 7+1 waste Systematic observations, following two excavators and workers EXCAVATOR 1 (ORANGE) Observationsanddatawerecollectedon the excavators and we defined added value, in this case, as when the excavator was per-forming tasks directly effected the product. However,movingequipmentandmaterial withtheexcavatorisnotaddingvalueto theproductperse,butwearguethatitis notwasteeitherandthereforeanindirect value.Thustheprocesscarriedoutre-quires both an excavator and ground work-ers. A challenge is that they can not work in the same space at the same time. When the excavatorisfinishedwithitstask,ground workers starts their and the excavator have towaituntilthegroundworkersarefin-ished. When the excavator wait for ground workers,orviceversa,materialsandlabor are prepared for the next round in the pro-cess. The dependency described is why lean andmeasuringproductivityisproblematic in relation to foundation and groundwork. 6%4%2%88%Yellow loaderAdded valueIndirect added valueNon added valueUnmannedEXCAVATOR 2 (GREEN) & LOADER FINDINGS, DATA & REFLECTIONS WORKER 1 & 2 Observationsanddatawerecollectedon twoworkersandwedefined,inthiscase, thatthevalueaddingworkwasperforming work on the ground, such as rake and meas-uring heights. The non-value adding work is when one worker was waiting for the other workertocompletethework.Inthatcase oneworkerwaitswhentheotherisstill working. Resting time is when both workers do not do anything. As for excavator 1, one challengeisthatthetwoworkerscannot work in the same space at the same time.FREE OBSERVATIONS The construction site was divided into ground worksandconstructionofhousesandthe twoSkanskateamsdidnotcollidesincethey worked in different places on the site. There-foretheycouldperformtheirtaskswithout disturbingeachother.Thesizeofthesiteenabledtheactorstouseallthespacethey needed,thereforematerialandequipment could be placed where found appropriate. BOM 025 Construction, Processes and Management - Group Assignment - Group 8 -Annie Hallman, Jonas Landin, Erik Olsson, Jan Vatter, Charlet Sandra Chinnaparaj SUMMARIZING REFLECTIONS Reducingnonaddedvalueingroundworkis problematicinthesensethatitisdifficultto say what is in the ground even though investi-gationsareperformedinadvance.Another challengeisthatseveralactorsworkatthe samelocationandareinterdependent.The environmentontheconstructionsitecan changerapidlyandanareausedformaterial storage could a few days later be the area of a house.Thiscouldleadtodelaysthateffects theprojectwhichrequiresgoodplanningof surfaces and logistics. Wedefineindirectvalueaswhenthe driver of the excavator performed tasks such as moving material, set out heights, readingandcommunicatingdrawingsto the others, set outs of locations of wells andplacementofcellularplastic.The nonaddedvaluewaswhennothingwas done,neitheraddedvaluenorindirect value.UNNECESSARY TRANSPORT Theworkershadtowalkfromthe workingareatothematerialstorageto pickupcellularplastic,whichincluded walkingacrossthefoundationofhouse 11.Thisresultedintimelossfortrans-portingmaterialanditcanalsoleadto damagesonthefoundationtheyhadto cross.Todisposeofunusablematerial the workers had to walk to the contain-erforrubbishwhichmostlyisatiring work but also a time loss because of the longwayoftransportation.Maybethe workerswalkedtothecontaineronly because they had nothing else to do. In this case, the added value was when the excavatorwasrunning,indirectaddedval-uewhenmovingmaterial.Thenonadded valuewaswhennowork wereperformed but the driver was inside the excavator.Duringtheobservation,boththeexcava-torandtheloaderstoodstillmostofthe time and were only used to lift heavy con-creteelements.Machinesstandingstillis costly,butthetaskcouldnothavebeen performedwithoutthetwomachines.In thiscase,wethinkthatthereisabigop-portunity to improve.18%10%4%68%Green small excavatorAdded valueIndirect addedvalueNon added valueUnmanned