School of Architecture, Buildings and Design

Bachelor of Quantity Surveying (Honours)

Sem I March/2015

Individual Assignment:

SITE REPORT

Name: Siong Jia Yii

Student ID: 0318239

Subjects:

Measurement I [QSB60104]

= Sr. Ang Fuey Lin

Building Materials [BLD62003]

= Ms Myzatul Aishah Binti Kamarazaly

Construction Technology I [BLD60104]

= Ms Azrina Binti Md Yaakob

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CONTENT

1.0 Content 2

2.0 Introduction 3

3.0 Objective 4

4.0 Introduction to the site 5-6

5.0 Report of the site visit

- Technical observation 7-14

- Types of reinforced concrete grade 15-16

- Type of foundation used 17

6.0 Conclusion 18

7.0 Annexes 19

2

INTRODUCTION

In this project, students are required to do a report on a technical

site visit to a construction site. Students need to observe and explore the

site technically in order to complete this project by meeting all the

requirements. There are 3 subjects are involved in this project, which is

Building Materials, Measurement I and Construction Technology I.

Different task is given from each subject to all students. For Measurement

I, students need to make technical observations on a site and write report

with photos and description. For Building Materials, students required to

identify the grade of reinforced concrete used in construction site for

column, slab, beam and foundation and explain the advantages and also

disadvantages of these concrete grade used. For Construction Technology

I, students have to identify and explain the type of foundation used in site

with advantages and disadvantages.

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OBJECTIVE

Understand the basics of the construction process.

Understand the practical aspect of construction techniques in

comparison to the theory aspect in books and its application on

site.

Exposure to actual working environment on site including

uncertainty circumstances e.g. weather.

Ability to communicate with the construction team members on

site and to see the importance of teamwork in the building team.

Witness the usage of construction equipment on site including

mechanical plants.

Explore and identify various types of building materials and

technology on site.

Awareness of the importance of safety on site and understanding of

safety problems and site conditions.

Recognize the items measurable for sub-structure and reinforced

concrete frame works.

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INTRODUCTION TO SITE

On 26th June 2015, a construction site visit to The Andes

Construction Site is organized by Ms Ang Fuey Lin to all BQS Sem 1

students. Attendance is compulsory. The site is near to Taylor’s

University with around 15 minutes car distance.

Location of the construction site

The construction site is strategically located at the borderline of

Puchong and Bukit Jalil which is very convenient for transportation,

especially KIDEX Skyway that gives road users a lot of advantages.

Before the site visit get started, lecturer had collected students’

name, I.C and student ID to mark our attendance easily. She had

separated all students into 2 groups and gave us some brief on safety

precautions such as wearing helmet and proper attire. The first group is

left from campus at 7:30am sharp and the second group is left at 8:30am.

Bus fee per student is RM15.

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For this site project, The Andes is comprising two towers of

condominium and villa.

Site Plan

Piling Plan

6

Measurement I: Technical Observation

Upon arrival, students were all checked to have wearing proper

attire and helmet to ensure our safety during site visit. Project manager,

Mr James Siow is briefly introduced about the site by providing us a

process report of the construction site.

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Figure 1:

Mr James Siow, project manager with green shirt is giving some introduction in front of students.

A temporary work – office is spotted behind.

Figure 2:

An information board which showing companies that involved in this project.

Hoarding is used as defence of the site from unauthorized trespasser.

Figure 3:

A temporary work – Accommodaton for workers is spotted at the corner of site. Genset is provided as temporary power supply for the workers.

After briefing, students were formed into groups with 8 people and

led by a site worker per group for further exploration and understanding

of the site. Along the way, the supervisor keep reminding us to be careful

of the ground to ensure our safety. Since the construction is only partially

completed, we only managed to view slab, column, wall, pilecap and also

excavation.

The supervisor led us down to the basement construction by using

a temporary stairs that only fixed into the soil which is very unstable.

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Figure 4:

This is a basement construction taken from original ground level.

Red and white plastic line is used to stop lawful visitors from stepping forward.

Figure 5:

Students going down carefully by a temporary stairs.

The first thing I saw after walked down safely from stairs is

reinforcement bars that used in basement slab. The supervisor told us that

mesh fabric would only be used started from first floor.

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Figure 6:

Reinforcement bars used in the basement slab. This showing the part that have not been covered by reinforced concrete.

Figure 7:

Plastic Sheets is used to protect the slab concrete.

Figure 8:

Synthetic Fibres is used to prevent the concrete loss.

There are many columns spotted on the basement slab. Some of it

had formwork and reinforcement bars installed while some are done with

reinforced concrete poured and formwork had also been removed. Each

column is less than 4m2 which means that it weighed 8.5 tonne. (1m2 =

2.2 tonne)

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Figure 9:

Column that wait for reinforced concrete to be poured.

Figure 10:

A so called “penimbang” is hang on the column to ensure the formwork of column is straight.

Figure 11:

There are many holes on the concrete of column with pipes installed is used to stabilize and strengthen the concrete.

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Figure 12:

There is a tower crane in the site that used to lift heavy loads.

Figure 13:

Scaffolding are spotted in the site too.

Figure 14:

There are walls around the sides above the slab with formwork and reinforcement bars installed.

Figure 15:

Water stop is installed in the wall to prevent water from entering into basement.

After exploring for every single part of basement construction, the supervisor then brought us to the next two areas which is doing piling works and also excavation. There is no beam found in the site because it had been covered underground.

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Figure 16:

This photo shows the inner side of formwork of the wall.

Figure 17:

The component that hold by supervisor is used to tie the formwork of walls as shown in the Figure 13.

Figure 18:

Construction of pile cap in the pit excavation. Steel sheet piles are used to prevent the soil from leaking into the excavation.

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Figure 19:

An excavator is spotted while excavating soil.

Figure 20:

This area is where the biggest pilecap among all of the pilecaps in the site get constructed. This pilecap weighed around 85 tonne.

Figure 21:

Bored piles is used at the site to support high building that has heavy vertical load.

There were also some construction materials found at the site, which is:

i) ii)

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Figure 22:

Precast bored piles

Figure 23:

50mm diameter concrete cover is spotted.

Figure 24:

Wastage found at the site is not properly deal with. The construction team only let it flow to the drain.

Building Materials:

Grades of Concrete Used for Slab, Beam, Foundation and Column

Grade 35

Reinforced concrete Grade 35 is used for slab, beam and foundation.

Advantages:

- It is cheaper than Grade 40.

- It is commonly used in construction industry.

- It has better resistance to fire.

- It has Long service life with low maintenance cost.

Disadvantages:

- It has low compressive strength compared to Grade 40.

- It can cracks easily under service load as the grade of reinforced concrete is low.

- Its ability to resist sulphate attack is lower than Grade 40.

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Slab Foundation

Grade 45

Reinforced concrete Grade 45 is used for columns at basement.

Advantages:

- It can maintain the size of column uniform throughout the

building height.

- Ability to earthquake resistance is greater than Grade 35.

- It has higher strength to resist more loads.

- Higher modulus of elasticity, which increases stability and

reduces deflections.

Disadvantages:

- More expensive than Grade 35.

- It is lack of adequate research under field conditions.

- High-performance standards must meet consistently.

- Careful and high quality materials selection is necessary.

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Column

Construction Technology I: Type of Foundation Used

Pile foundation

Advantages:

- Length can be readily varied to suit varying ground conditions.

- It can be installed in very large diameters.

- End enlargement up to two or three diameters are possible in

clays.

- Material of piles is not dependent on handling or driving

conditions.

- It can be installed in very long lengths.

Disadvantages:

- Concrete is not placed under ideal conditions and cannot be

subsequently inspected.

- Water under artesian pressure may pipe up pile shaft washing

out cement.

- It cannot be readily extended above ground level especially in

river and marine structures.

- Boring methods may loosen sandy or gravely soils requiring

base grouting to achieve economic base resistance.

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CONCLUSION

I have learned a lot of things which cannot be found in the books or

notes in this site visit. This is my first time to enter a site as a lawful

visitor and see how a site looks like clearly. A lot of equipment and

complicated techniques used for the construction such as tower crane,

scaffolding, excavator, bull dozer and etc. Now I knew how hard it is to

build a building under scorching sun and dusty environment. This site

visit is a really great time for students to learn and understand

construction which is very helpful in our future. I hope that Ms Ang could

organize such activity again for us to visit site again.

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Annexes

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