I

• SiST,iNO

139

• ••Dt4.DCl~•• ........,• (1)

y i.s POI••J."DJ.. • _lP"'''.ft_

( ) o f • r

t •) . t..( h

1t

.Dt~U.CI••

) .).

"..,.._.r• .1.

•

) -- i

t ,

( )

(

- Vll&.I!ilUW

• . [ .)1

)

140Sa(l) and (2) are the negative forms of Ss(la) and

(2a) respectively.

1 (a) M - atu pustakam aanu•

that book 1s

T _ ad! pustakamthat book

(that is a book)

2(a) M - atu raaman aanu•

that Rama be

T - vaad raamudu.h Rama

(He is Rama)

In T it is possible to have the re ular verb forms,

of !s!!.!. 'to b come' with r e ape c t i ve per onal markers

(c.f. Ohapter I - Asre ment). ~ giv two meanings in

certain instanc s - wh re there is possibility of giving

th meanin 'to b comet.

(3) T - neenu presi~ ntunu kaanu•

I president no

(t am not a president/I will not b come apresident) •

3.1.2. The existential verbs - 1untu (M) and ~- (T) - are••-

negated by replacine these v rbs by~ (M) an ~-(T)

lIn M UDtu••- doe s not "take the tense markers. In T - un--

can bave the forms unnaadu (ast tense vailavle in somee • •

dialects). unnaadu (pre~ent~tense) and untaadu (future-_--..- . .t nse).

141(4) M - -pu takaa e sappuRattu il1a

book table on/above no

T - pu t m t bilumiida 1eedu• •

book table on no

(Th book is not th re on the table)

(3 ) 'M - var avite illa•

they there be+not

T- vaa11u akkad 1 eru• • •

th y th re be+not

(they ar not there)

8.(4) and (5) are the ne8 ti • forma of (4a) and

('a)

(4a) M - pustakam me - ppuRattu untu••

book table on be(exist)

T - pustakam t ebilumiid undi•

book table on b (exi t)

(BoOk is on th tabl)

) - v r vi•., • •

(

142

- v 1• •t\1C11(ft<l'a "~DnF.lllllr

•

( y r

(

. 1. • o xt r

t r

i. ti y.

(6) t

b o

..•

i

(1 di no )

143

a ) t )

7

)tl•(

)

- 1

aii 1

( . )

)

r •

•v-

•

1. t

tor a, • t. ttle

i i •

tr

f a.

.. (

.. ...

l' ..uv"18<ie

n'f"ll1l A.'"t tGlrJee.

t

( ) - tit1

-.1 t - ,

( ttt1 h

.. l'aerMn

- r u J'• •o 0(-

(

( ) ( ) • r • i ttv

) (9 ).

( ) l - allt•

i.t { •

- it -t i•

it i ( :?( 1 a. / t i~ )

( ) - r ftlln»l,n 'V.""'Ift."lI

)

14:1

- raaln\ltlu..

1 I 1 c

• t v t

-

. - ..

- ( 1. )

r 1 in 1 1 1

f - f t-ocr b

b 1.1 ..-

146

i -1

11

- 1 t -• •

i i )

(11 ) v so a-1

- raaJ~u.(fU

•1

•

( . t '111

1 n 11 I' t i 0 10

(11 )

(1 ) "• •t

-)

(

•

•era) pa

v 11ft

( t i )

147

n (on 1 .)~.rl••

B+I)Dn)

-.. ( 1

r in b t

i i • \Ire

u fix .,,;- t

u. Y t•of

ta _D &

•- i a '..._........

it 1nR'''!HJi~-pn

( i i )

1 ) ) 11

148

-

(

(1 ; 1- -

11

•

)

- t

i. - •

• raarmldlU p d -ta -• • •

(t. )

1n xe t t t r •- ( + t)

- (V ... )

zG • te a.

149

-- n }

e •

150

i b y o )

151

(1 -1

•

t

•• •

) ( .5 •

( i

- r

)-

•

-.. 0

( .y )

15~

- int-·Olla.•• •r •

)

(, 1

1 ) 1. • ••

-

t

t

)••

• • • • rt i

., 1 •v • •

•

i

f • t

--

--• 1 ) (1')

- --J (Iftlll ....n •• -r t- Rfl

-

•

- -..

(il) • I' 1

o J.angUGaea

•• ••

•

+

•

tr. --

-

... (VU...IMUH.V

(VB+na

+ II

f, )

f ) •

-Ulloa.•

r 1 .nt.no••

f .~ •• t n 1 •

•

o ,.1

-I' )

• •..··.s....·.. )

(1 ) -,

( .•

• t (• • •

) .17.) • • 1

1• -

11• • •

• 1111,. ..-0.. en

(

......"..........,,,..vl:f··~e:D8. -aWIl-lirt"

•) + (Vl'l......... + )+

r .t

(1 -•

--( ) t n t • COIl1C12. 1 1

'1 •

.1 ( )

156

• ••(1 ) -

) --

- 1

1 •-

- - 0- •-p t

• Ut!!~III ...·t

.............- ---..._...-.

•---+ID 4)111(1+-

----• •

In-£l~a.t )

-- ...........-.....

•

I

1l0DI)ast)

~_..- _....uff.

157

v • l'

- .........- ---+v { ) ....+CODG+------

... ..--._.......~

•_ --- ---+ ( n at) [: tt-J +D + c ol:Ja+-._..~..

.. ~.._........... ......_-+

• 1••

/ o U""".".IA,, ..ve • i ., b i i

f ( 1 • •

~( ) v1t••

158

-

(

1'. • -

•

••• - - 1 C )+

• • •

( )

-r

•

t

t

• re

S 001'1" apolmdi.D8

• f·Al~~'Il'. 'Y r

C tv • .e

159

b ••

to 0 • ••

o

{ : t 1:I.' )

( )•- -

- enu 'Y•

160

7)

( J k)

- .~ Yt t t { 1 0 }

( ) - tu u.jl~·no It :1.

- [ u : .J1. 0

( 8 [~8 1

( 9)- --" 1 i1••

i 1

161

•••

)

16~

• I

(1) Te.1 0 u ationa.

(11) Wb-tye.

(iil) a q eattoD •

(1) 1 terro at! I

l' 1. t,.. of ue. 10 ee a 0 1,.. 'yea'

01' t t • t e ."er. I the 1. •• der

.tud,.. t Ye.1 0 t,.. 10 • ar for d y

autfix! the i err 8 tlve ker to the DOUII,

verb, dJectl -, adverb I' .e tenoe bieh torm.

the 1 o1pal ubJe t f 1 erro tion. Th

8uffixe. u • 1n M ad T r - d - a- -re tively.

(1 ) M - .u•

co tort e( 8)

T - 1'- a?-q •

( ow are you?)

163

e. t lv v ,f.

'n t', v. t w t '0 II t' C D •••I' - • • t •

( ) - t r

J-( .)

t rr ti .. -

- /.. ..

• f 1 '" r tty o 1 b

• .......Uil,•••

ro t v• ..

r. ronc:tua( b ) V l' • 0'

• tu

tu

il •

•• • . tt

D .....II~m)• • •

n 1'. t ,•v •

,. . • --

{ 6,,1t. t• •

1 i •• /0 • n t•• •• •• t

.,.

•

0 1'.j.

r

•+ r te

Tn

CO

16 r·'J

X it t o • • fll tio •

i erro to • t

( ) - I' I., h

.... Ii' •

166

itt • • tl.

( 0 )-0

•

,. I ... 1 1 ..

1 - -

b( let)

nt-."11 • u" - e -

- u • ,167

•

• -e- -

( i • • it ,)

- u i1 • u t 0• • •

I y- o -qu •

- 1 • un ,1•• •

t .., ...

(t Y do t )t

- U . ill.?

t t - •

- v i • 1 ?••

•

t o %. o' y? )

- y 1 • {t ,}•w 1

- t u v • t••t

( i • b )•

- ,u· ,t 1-i '1 - 0" •

168

• n

t ia II r n o

•

riti • s

tie> t

8

te

( f r • 11 I 1 I ~

( ) i i•

( ) .. c 1 1 / ~u

ttl / 11•

(0 ) t 1 / I v

( ) t lillel d I..~

----------------------------_..-.,.------

169

M - T contra ts

1. In copular type of sentences the ro ess ot negation

is similar in the two languages. Negation is by the

addition of negative copular verb to the verbless

sentence in T and by the r placement of the copula

by the negativ copular v rb in M.

2. N gatton of Existential sentences also is similar

in Maw 11 a T. th proc s is the 18placement of

the b (exi) v rb by the orrespondinl negative verbs.

In th cas of past t n ne ation M and T show

difference. Pa t ne ation i ff cted in M by adding

th v rb ~ to the past t nse form of the verb,

vherea in T the ne ative v rb Ie du is added to the

infinitive form of th verb and the tense is Dot

ov rtly mark d in such cases.

4. Th ne ativ verb ilia is added to the present ten e-form of th verb in M while in T, the present tense

(generally expressed by the durative form) is negated

by the addition of the negative verb 1eedu to th

g rundial form of the verb.

5. In future t ns~, negation is by. the addition of the

v rb ilia to the verb bas in M and the future tense-suffix g ts deleted. In T futur n gativ is expressed

by th ne ativ uffix -a-

11,06. In participial constructions the process of negation

is similar in both the languages. ~t 1s by theI

addition of the negative ~rker in between th9

verbal base and the participle suffix. the negative( ,

R.P form is the same in all the tense s. However,

past ten can b specified in M by the suffix -nn- •

7. Th proces 'of n gation is similar in M and T

in the verbal participial·forms.I

8~ In copditional s ntenc s too the process of

ne ation is imilar.

,9. Int rrogative sentences shows similarity in M

, I

, an'd T. They have the structure:

"

NP + f~-tEJDSe Jl:;-<COPUla) + que s • sut f •