1Company Proprietary and Confidential

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESMENT OF F1 RACE AT MARINA BAY

Nurul Athirah

Ahmad

Nurul Balqis Jamil

Siti Nasuha Johari

August 16, 2011

PDD1 2011

2Company Proprietary and ConfidentialBrief History of F1

Formula One – “Formula” refers to a set of rules to which all participants

and cars must comply to

In 1930s – Plans for Formula One drivers’ championship discussed

In 1946 – The first Formula One race was held.

By May 1950 – First world championship was held at Silverstone.

3Company Proprietary and ConfidentialHistory of Formula One in Singapore

Singapore Grand Prix went on until

1973.

Stopped after several fatal accidents in 1972

and 1973 races.

Known as Suez Canal Crisis.

28th September 2008 – First country to

host a night-time event in history.

4Company Proprietary and ConfidentialFormula One in Singapore now

In September 2011, held the most recent F1 race scheduled.

Singapore Grand Prix will take place on public roads around Marina Bay

area.

5Company Proprietary and ConfidentialFormula One in Singapore Now

Estimated to be able to accommodate about 80,000 spectators.

Grandstand seating and hospitality areas lined the track.

Permanent pit area built adjacent to the existing Singapore Flyer complex.

Revised route disrupts lesser businesses and is 5.2 kilometers longer.

6Company Proprietary and ConfidentialWhy we chose this topic?

• Concerns – younger audience about the environmental issues

• Future – health of the locals

• Risks – critical to minimal issues

Environmental Impact of F1 race in Marina Bay

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Background information

• Massive preparation• Funded by government, 60% = $90 million• Pit Building = $33 million• Road works = Approximately $24 million• Road works affecting more than 70% of existing roads.

8Company Proprietary and ConfidentialAdvantages

• Economic– Profits gained– Tourists receipts– 195 million international viewers (1st & 2nd race)– Integrated Resorts

• Job creation– Worked with ITE schools– Temporary jobs

9Company Proprietary and ConfidentialDisadvantages

• Road closures• Business opportunities

– Descending number of visitors

• Lighting

10Company Proprietary and Confidential

Problems faced

• Location• Road works• Lighting• Security

11Company Proprietary and ConfidentialImprovements

• Shorter period of road closures– Reduces 12 hour.

• Engines– Biofuel engines

12Company Proprietary and ConfidentialEnvironmental Impact Assessment

• What is Environmental Impact Assessment?

• The EIA Process in Sequence of Application

• Various Methodologies

• Selected Methodology for PDD1

13Company Proprietary and ConfidentialEnvironmental Impact Assessment

Environmental Impact Assessment

Planning Tool Decision Making Impact & Effects

EIA

15Company Proprietary and ConfidentialVarious Methodologies

We look at 6 types of methodologies:

• Ad-hoc

• Checklist

• Matrices

• Networks

• Overlays

16Company Proprietary and Confidential

Selected Methodology for PDD1

Environmental Impacts Air (CO2)Solid waste Noise Dust

Pre - Race * * * **

Actual - Race *** ** *** ***

Post - Race ** *** ** *

The table above shows how we incorporated the matrix methodology into our PDD1:

* Meaning

* Can be avoided

** Not very serious

*** Very serious, actions needed to be taken

17Company Proprietary and ConfidentialMatrices

Matrices links

• Projects activities & checklist of a potential environmentally impacts

• Identify cause & effect relationship

• State the severity of each factor

• List the range of possible actions & characteristics

18Company Proprietary and ConfidentialEnvironmental Impacts During Singapore F1 Race

There are 5 impacts that we look into:

• Littering

• Noise

• Carbon Dioxide Emission

• Lighting System Used

19Company Proprietary and Confidential Carbon Dioxide Emission from F1 Cars

An F1 car is able to emit

• 1, 500g of CO2 for every 1km ≈10 times a regular saloon car emission

During the race

• CO2 emitted is close to 10 tonnes (excluding practice session)

F1 cars use gasoline (rich high octane fuel) as a fuel for their engines

• 6 pounds (2.722kg) of gasoline used =20 pounds (9.072kg) of Co2

20Company Proprietary and Confidential

Carbon Dioxide Emission from F1 Cars

Friday 23 September 2011

Practice 1 16:00 - 17:30

Practice 2 20:00 - 21:30

Saturday 24 September 2011

Practice 3 17:00 - 18:00

Qualifying 20.00

Sunday 25 September 2011

Race 20.00

21Company Proprietary and ConfidentialLighting System

22Company Proprietary and Confidential

The lighting system consist of :

• Circuit of 5.067 kilometres

• Power 3,180,000 watt

• Track Projectors 1, 485 @ 2,000 watt each

• Power Generators 12 (twin-power)

• Power Cables 108, 423m

• Overall Luminosity 3000lux levels (4 times brighter than a sports stadium)

Lighting System

23Company Proprietary and ConfidentialLighting System

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Power generation is one of the main contributions of pollutants

• Sulphur Dioxide

• Nitrogen Oxides

• Mercury

Lighting System

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Metal Halide Lamp (MHL)

• 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit ≈ Temperature of liquid magma

• The glass shatter when it is exposed to intense heat for very long (can cause injury)

Effect of Lighting System Used

26Company Proprietary and ConfidentialExcessive Emission of Carbon Dioxide

By having event such as F1 race:

• Singapore contributes towards anthropogenic CO2 emission

• Sharp increase in anthropogenic CO2 emission

• Natural CO2 cycle will not be balance

27Company Proprietary and ConfidentialExcessive Emission of Carbon Dioxide

When there is a rise in CO2:

• More plants are needed to balance up the whole CO2 cycle

HOWEVER

In hot & dry weather

• The plants pores will be closed

• Prevent the loss of water & photorespiration will take place

28Company Proprietary and ConfidentialExcessive Emission of Carbon Dioxide

• In which the plants will consume oxygen and carbon dioxide is produced

• CO2 is only responsible for 20 % of the natural greenhouse effect

• 60 % of the anthropogenic greenhouse effect that contributes to current

global warming

29Company Proprietary and Confidential

The damage done to the ear could cause certain situations:

• Piercing to the eardrum• Breaking of the bone• Constant exposure to high intensity sounds leading to noise-induced deafness• Presbycousis- loss of acuity with increasing age.

Human Response

Sensitive10,000 Hz8,000 Hz

2,000 Hz500 Hz0 Hz

F1 cars

Noise Pollution

30Company Proprietary and ConfidentialEFFECTS

PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS

PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OTHER EFFECTS

Respiratory systemMuscular systemCardiovascular systemNeuroendocrine system

Task interferenceHearing lossSpeech interferenceSleep interferenceAnnoyance

Effects of Noise

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Thank

You !!!!!!!

!!!