“THE SIMPLE TENSES OF THE VERB”

A. DEFINITIONS

• PRESENT TENSE - action occurring at the present time ;

• PAST TENSE - action occurring at a definite time before the present moment;

• PAST PARTICIPLE - used to form perfect tenses and passive voice;

• FUTURE TENSE - action occurring at some time beyond the present moment.

I. SIMPLE PRESENTA. Simple present habitual

1. Formation in the Active and Passive Voicea) The simple present habitual of all

verbs except BE in the active voice is based on the simple or base form. The third person singular of almost all verbs is made by adding -es or -s to the simple form.

b) The simple present habitual of verbs in the passive voice is a combination of the verb BE (am,is,are) + past participle of the verb. The verb be agrees in person and number with its subject.

ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICESee: see sees- (third person singular)

amis seenare

Study: study studies (third person singular)

amis studiedare

Be: am (first person) is (third person) are

None

Examples:The boy delivers newspapers everyday.

Examples:The newspaper is delivered everyday by the boy.

The verb BE has no passive voice form because it does not show voice.

2. USAGE a) The verb forms in the simple present habitual express activities that regularly occur in the present time. It also expresses activities that have occurred at intervals before, and will probably continue to occur at the moment of speaking. Adverbials of frequency such as everyday, daily, often, etc. help intensify the kind of activity and the period if its occurrence.

EXAMPLES: 1. I read a book everyday.2. He plays piano piece every program.3. They practice their dance every night.

b) The verb forms in the simple present habitual also expresses activities that extend for varying lengths of time beyond the moment of speaking. The activities have existed before and will probably continue to exist after the moment of speaking, but the beginning and the ending are unknown or unimportant.

EXAMPLES: 1. My brother plays the violin well. 2. He knows many residents in Cabanatuan.3. We have faith in you.

c) In the future activity, adverbials of time that express futurity such as tomorrow, an hour from now, etc. help to intensify the period of the activity.

EXAMPLES:1. They leave tomorrow.2. The program begins an hour from now.3. I arrive tonight.

d) The verb forms in the simple present habitual also express activities that are relatively permanent. In other words, these verb forms express general truths.

EXAMPLES:1. The sun rises in the east.

II. SIMPLE PASTA. Simple Definite Past

1. Formation in the Active and Passive Voice

The definite past in the active voice is the same as the past form of the verb. The form is the same for all persons whether singular or plural. The verb BE is an exception. The definite past in the passive voice is a combination of the verb BE (was, were) + past participle form of the verb. The verb BE agrees in number and person with its subject. Below are examples of verb forms in the definite past tense.

2. USAGEa) The verb forms in the simple definite

past tense express activities that happened in the past. These verb forms are used to indicate a completed action at a definite point of time in the past. Adverbials of time such as yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, etc. help intensify the period of the activity.

EXAMPLES:1. They played tennis last Saturday.2. Mr. Cruz walked home from work yesterday.

b) A verb form in the simple definite past tense may also occur with a verb form in the simple past progressive in a complex sentence. In this case, the verb form in the simple definite past expresses the shorter activity. Usually this shorter activity is found in a dependent clause introduced by the word when.

EXAMPLES:1. I was eating supper when I heard the telephone ring.2. The class was having choral recitation when the principal entered the room.3. When the lights went off, I was solving an interesting problem.

C. Simple Past Habitual1. Formation

One form of the past habitual is a verb phrase combination used to + simple or base form of the verb. This is the active voice form. The passive voice form of this verb phrase combination is rarely used. Below are examples of verb forms in the Simple Past Habitual Tense.

ACTIVE VOICE - used to + simple form sing - used to sing

accompany - used to accompany

EXAMPLES: 1. Mario used to study hard before.2. He used to come here everyday.

2. USAGEThe simple past habitual tense form of

the verb indicates activities, state or condition that existed over a period of time in the past but may not be existing anymore at present.

EXAMPLES: 1. Mario used to be studious when he was in high school.2. I used to spend my free hours in the park.3. I used to visit her every weekend.

III. PAST PARTICIPLE

• To gain assurance in your use of verbs, you must remember how the past tense and past participle are used:1. The PAST TENSE is always a single-word verb; it is never used with an auxiliary:I ate my lunch. [Not I have ate my lunch.]2. The PAST PARTICIPLE is never a single-word verb; it is used with the auxiliary HAVE (to form the perfect tenses) or the auxiliary BE (to form the passive voice):I have done the work. [Not I done the work.]

PRESENT PAST PAST PARTI

Become became becomeBegin began begunBreak broke brokenChoose chose chosenCome came comeDo did doneDrink drank drunkDrive drove drivenFall fell fallenFly flew flownFreeze froze frozenGive gave givenGo went goneRide rode riddenRing rang rungSpeak spoke spokenSink sank sunk

PRESENT PAST PAST PARTI

Blow blew blownBring brought broughtBuild built builtCatch caught caughtCreep crept creptDeal dealt dealtDraw drew drawnThrow threw thrownLend lent lentShine shone

shoneDig dug dugHang hung hung

BE* was,were BEEN

Burst burst burstBuy bought boughtClimb climbed climbedCling clung clungDrag dragged draggedDrown drowned drownedEat ate eatenFling flung flungShake shook shakenSting stung stungTake took takenSkin skinned skinned

PRESENT PAST PAST PARTI

Lay laid laidLie lay lainSet set setSit sat satRaise raised raisedRise rose

risen

IV.SIMPLE FUTUREA. The Simple Future (non-progressive) and

Simple Future Progressive1. Formation

a) The Simple Future (non-progressive)The simple future form in the

active voice is a verb combination composed of the verb (will/shall) + simple form of the verb. The passive form of this is will BE or shall BE + past participle form of the verb.

ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE

write: will write shall

will be writtenshall

speak: will speak shall

will be spokenshall

be: will be shall

None

B. Other Verb Forms that express Futurity

The following verb forms also express actions that will occur or will take place in future time.

e.g. I am going to study here next year. He is going to work abroad in the near future.

e.g. He is to finish this work tonight. You are to submit your report tomorrow.

be + going to + simple form of the verb

be + to + simple form of the verb

PRESENT PAST PAST PARTI FUTURE

See saw seen will see_____ studied have studied ______Sing _____ _______ shall sing_____ spoke _____ will speak_____ _____ written ______Take took taken shall be takenBreak _____ broke ___________ became become ______Buy _____ bought ___________ chose chosen ___________ _____ driven ______Fly _____ _____ will flySee _____ seen ______

THE ENDREPORTERS:

Taguba, Roselyn Guigue, Susanna Jane S.Tangapa, JennyTantua

IGNATIUS JOSEPH ESTROGAINSTRUCTOR

THANK YOU ^_^

GOD BLESS :))