simon hughes' presentation
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International Scaffolding Best PracticeBy
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mon ug es CMIOSH
Simian Risk GroupIOSH Middle East Annual Conference
4th May 2011
Content
Major Scaffolding Hazards
Product Standards
Scaffold Design Engineering Preventing Falls & Rescue
Falling Object Protection
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Training & Competence
Summary & Questions
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Who are Simian?
Occupational Health & Safety Consultants
Scaffolding & Work at Height Specialists Access Industry Safety Experts Independent Scaffold Inspection Service Scaffoldin Audits Worldwide
London | Warrington | Dubai
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Training Providers
Scaffolding & Work at Height Training International Scaffolder Training Scheme CISRS Scaffolding Training Centre's (UK) NVQ Assessment
Major Scaffolding Hazards
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Risk Interface with the Public
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Risk - Scaffold Collapse
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Why do scaffolds collapse?
Poor design
Risk - Scaffold Collapse
Poor construction
Poor quality materials
Inadequate ties or sub-structure
Undermining or subsidence
Adverse weather High Winds
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ver oa ng Interference
Vehicle or plant impact
Or a combination
Risk Falls from height
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Risk Falling Objects
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Risk Emergencies
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International Performance Standards
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Poor standards of scaffolding indirectly caused by:
Lack of legislative framework
Lack of enforcement
Government Regulation
No meaningful penalties or deterrent for employers andworkers
Thereby scaffolding and access standards are then drivenby cost no perceived commercial consequences!
Results in:
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n er or qua y o ma er a s use
Poor standards of assembly
Inefficiencies in the tasks to be performed
Avoidable accidents (collapses, falls etc)
Falls from height = Most Fatalities Worldwide!
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Best Practice
Developing countries/states benchmarking establishedlegal frameworks:
Government Regulation
European Directives
National Legislation (e.g. Labour Ministry, Department of Labour)
Health & Safety Executive (UK)
Occupational Health & Safety Administration (OSHA)
Tiered Approach:
Enforcement of Directives, Acts, Regulations, ACoPs
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(Prescriptive Vs Goal Setting) Minimum Standards
(e.g. European or National Standards, Codes of Practice)
Guidance (Goal setting best practice)
Education and awareness campaigns
Best Practice Education and awareness campaigns
Government Regulation
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Best Practice
Establish minimum performance standards for:
Product Specifications (Design, Testing, Instructions etc)
Standards & Codes
Design Codes (minimum requirements for engineering design andcalculations)
Safe Practices (Codes of Practice)
Establishes minimum performance standards(demonstrate you did as good as?)
Provides Enforcement Guidelines for Government Authorities
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an atory s o untary on orm ty
Developed with industry involvement (Trade Associations)
Provides minimum specifications for clients andcontractors
Best Practice
Policy conditions (minimum performance standards)
Role of com ulsor insurance E. . German & UK Models
Role of Insurers
Pro-active Risk Management Approach
Risk Management Survey (Industry experts)
Recommendations become compulsory requirements
Agreed timescales for improvement
Failure to comply may undermine cover
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Competitive cover for good performers
Hardening of the insurance market for poor performers
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Best Practice
Government Ministries/Authorities sponsor, support orestablish trade associations to produce industry guidance.
Industry Associations & Guidance
Guidance developed by industry experts(I.e. the National Trade Associations).
Used as enforcement guidelines and recommended bestpractice.
Provides minimum specifications for clients and contractors.
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Best Practice
Clients who strive for world-class EHS standards
Scaffoldin S ecifications
Client Specifications
Material Specifications
Standards & Codes of Practice
Design requirements Training requirements
Safe systems of work
Ph sical re uirements e. . access methods fall rotection etc
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Temporary Works Procedures (Checking)
Prequalification & Capability Assessments
Used as part of Tender and Conditions of Contract
Minimum performance criteria for site management team
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Product Standards
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Best Practice
Federal Standards (E.g. European Norms, ANSI etc.)
National Standards E. . BSI DIN NF etc
Product Standards
Minimum requirements include:
Design & Testing
Materials Requirements Manufacturing Standards (ISO 9001 Quality Assurance)
Instructions for Safe Use
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Best Practice
Product Testing for Conformity to: EN 12811 / 12810 Scaffolding
Product Standards
EN 39 Tube
EN 74 Fittings etc
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Scaffold Design Engineering
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Scaffold Design
When is design required? Height Limit (EHS 10m) Complexity
Design Codes (Standards?)
PreliminaryDrawing
System Manufacturers Instructions Tube & Fitting Scaffolds (BS 5973/TG20:08)
Competent Engineer Design Checks Standard Design Solutions Generic
Drawings & Calculations
ForApprovalOnly
WorkingDrawing
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Drawing Status Drawing Issue Records Design Variations Inspection & Commissioning
Design Risk Assessment
No Design Input Wind Impact
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Design Variation Inadequate Ties
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More than 10ms high Not Tied
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Preventing Falls
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Best Practice
NASC SG4 or similar adopted by many States/Countries(UK)
Preventing Falls
National Insurance Scheme dictate acceptable practices(Germany)
National Guidelines include non-specific requirements e.g.: Personal Fall Protection Equipment (PFPE) must be worn
Height they must be attached (i.e. 4m)
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ca o ers mus e ra ne
Provide supervision
No meaningful guidelines in place (how, what, where)
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Clipped on!
Preventing Falls
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Clipped on 6kN Anchor Points!
Preventing Falls
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Safe Working Platforms
Preventing Falls
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Preventing Falls Safe Working Platforms
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Scaffolders Working Platform Users Working Platform
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UK Case Study
NASC SG4
PFPE Worn at all times
Preventing Falls
Clip-on at 4m
Use collective protectionbefore resorting to PFPE
Includes suitable andunsuitable anchor-points
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ra n ng uperv s on PFPE Inspection
Sold over 150,000 copiesworldwide
Accident Performance - Falls
According to NASC accident statistics
Falls form a working platform or scaffold
Significant reduction in falls since 2000
1999 93 falls
2009 20 falls
78% reduction
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. ncrease n opera ves(10,679 13,124)
84% reduction in Accident Frequency Rate
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Accident Performance - Falls
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The SG4 Safe Zone
Scaffolder must focus on creating a Safe Zone with:
A fully boarded platform without gaps
A sing e main guar rai 950mm , w ere t ere is a ris oa fall.
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The SG4 Safe Zone
Decking out below, where possible.
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The SG4 Safe Zone
Features the tunnelling principle
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The SG4 Safe Zone
Must be clipped on within 1m of the leading edge
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The SG4 Safe Zone
Must be clipped on when working below the guardrail
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The SG4 Safe Zone
Must be clipped on when within 1m of an opening, gap orvoid, including:
Window opening
Inside gaps
Unprotected stop-ends
Ladder trap
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Etc
Preventing Falls
Examples of Collective fall protection equipment
Short-lift S stem Advanced ScaffoldersGuardrail Systems Steps
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Preventing Falls
Dubai scaffolders being trained to SG4
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Rescue
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All scaffolding operations relying upon PFPEmust have a rescue plan.
UK research into suspension trauma
Rescue Planning
.
Latest HSE advice for first aid treatment
Rescue plans indentified in contractors riskassessments / method statements.
All scaffolders must be trained.
Rescue Kits
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ea y ava a e n goo or er Suitable for the task
Remote rescue over fully assisted recue.
Rescue Planning
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Rescue Planning
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Rescue Planning
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Rescue Planning
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Rescue Planning
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Rescue Planning
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Rescue Planning
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Rescue Planning
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Falling Object Protection
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Best Practice
Prevent Objects Falling
Minimise gaps
Falling Object Protection
Toeboards, sheeting, netting and brickguards
Control storage of materials
Controlled Handling of Materials
Manual handling training for operatives
Segregate the work area below
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Barrier off the area
Post warning signs
Protection Fans
Pedestrian Gantries / Crash decks
Access & Egress
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Access & Egress Methods
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Approx. 1m
Access & Egress Methods
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Scaffold Inspection
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Best Practice
Statutory vs Voluntary
Fre uenc of Ins ections
Scaffold Inspection
Before use
Every 7 days
After substantial alteration After any event that may jeopardise
safety
Visual or more ri orous ins ections
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Testing, where required (e.g. ties)
Inspector Competence
Reports & Tagging Systems
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Training & Competence
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Best Practice
Recognised Training & Qualifications
National (CISRS, OSHA)
Training & Competence
International (InterScaff, SIA, PASMA)
Specific training is essential for
Scaffolding Relevant to the country and nature of
the work
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, ,offshore etc.
Product specific (system or T&F)
Method of Assessment
Certification, Record Cards & Validation
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New International Scaffolder Scheme
Training & Competence
Certification
Photo ID Card
Training record
Central Database
UV anti-counterfeiting
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Written tests & practicalassessments
Can be linked to NVQ
QuestionsSee our standard outside
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