Sigmund FreudSigmund FreudMay 6, 1856 – September 23, 1939May 6, 1856 – September 23, 1939

General BackgroundGeneral Background

Austrian neurologist who Austrian neurologist who founded the psychoanalytic founded the psychoanalytic school of psychology.school of psychology.

Known for theories into the Known for theories into the unconscious mind and unconscious mind and defense mechanisms of defense mechanisms of repression.repression.

Created the practice of Created the practice of psychoanalysis.psychoanalysis.

Conscience Conscience

ConsciousConscious

                                                                                                                                                              

   

Interpretation of DreamsInterpretation of Dreams“On Dreams”“On Dreams”

Theories of SleepTheories of Sleep

Repair/Restoration – Sleep allows for Repair/Restoration – Sleep allows for recuperation from physical emotional, and recuperation from physical emotional, and intellectual fatigue.intellectual fatigue.

Survival Value – Evolved to conserve Survival Value – Evolved to conserve energy and protect our ancestors from energy and protect our ancestors from predatorspredators

General Dream TheoryGeneral Dream Theory-Psychoanalytic Theory--Psychoanalytic Theory-

Dreams represent disguised symbols of Dreams represent disguised symbols of repressive desires and or anxieties.repressive desires and or anxieties.

- - Manifest ContentManifest Content includes symbols includes symbols

used to disguise true meanings of used to disguise true meanings of dreams. dreams.

-Latent Content attempts to reveal -Latent Content attempts to reveal the the

true unconscious meaning of dreams.true unconscious meaning of dreams.

The Pervasiveness of Freud's The Pervasiveness of Freud's Ideas Ideas

(1)"Dreams are the fulfillment of a wish"

(2) "Dreams are the disguised fulfillment of a wish"

(3) "Dreams are the disguised fulfillment of a repressed wish"

(4) "Dreams are the disguised fulfillment of a repressed, infantile wish"

The Psyche: Id, Ego, and Superego in The Psyche: Id, Ego, and Superego in Freud's Study of Dreams and Human Freud's Study of Dreams and Human

Nature Nature

Dreamwork: Displacement, Dreamwork: Displacement, Condensation, Symbolization, and Condensation, Symbolization, and

ProjectionProjection Displacement is the redirection of an impulse onto a substitute target.

In Condensation, a number of dream-elements (themes, images, figures, ideas etc) are combined into one.

Symbolism is a one-term comparison, i.e. a represents b.

Projection is pushing one’s thoughts, fears, feelings onto someone or something else.

How Modern Society Regards the How Modern Society Regards the Work of Sigmund Freud Work of Sigmund Freud

Although dream interpretation has become less important in the therapeutic application of psychoanalysis, nevertheless he always saw it as one of the keystones of his theory and the means by which anybody can achieve conviction about the reality of unconscious processes.

Things to Know!Things to Know!

((According to Freud, the purpose of According to Freud, the purpose of dreaming is to satisfy, through fantasy, the dreaming is to satisfy, through fantasy, the instinctive urges that society judges instinctive urges that society judges unacceptableunacceptable.) .)

((The four components of dreamwork are The four components of dreamwork are displacement, condensation, displacement, condensation, symbolization, and projectionsymbolization, and projection.) .)