sid machine detector interface (mdi) tom markiewicz/slac alcw 2015, kek, japan 23 april 2015
TRANSCRIPT
SiD Machine Detector Interface (MDI)
Tom Markiewicz/SLAC
ALCW 2015, KEK, Japan
23 April 2015
MDI Activities (I)
• Backgrounds and Detector Design– Primary particles produced in the beam-beam interaction
• Disrupted e- or e+ beam (off energy, off angle), beamstrahlung photons, e+e- pairs, hadrons
– Muons from beam halo scraping in the collimation system– Synchrotron radiation (SR) photons, especially from the final doublet– Secondary particles in detector after primary particles strike something
• Beam gas interactions• e+e- pairs striking BeamCal cause backgrounds in VXD, Tracker and Calorimeters• Neutrons streaming back from beam dumps
• Accelerator Design– Work closely with the BDS “Beam Delivery System” group
• Collimation system, Final Focus, Extraction Line
– Work with the LEP “Luminosity, Energy & Polarization” group– Work with those selecting IP spot parameters
• Detector Design– Beampipe and BeamCal in particular– Detector resident masks, apertures
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MDI Activities (II)
• Engineering– Work with the magnet designers: QD0 and QF1 especially
• May be possible to shorten QD0/QF1 &/or change crossing angle
– Work with mechanical engineers: • Location, support & alignment of everything within r<30cm out to z=9.5m• Push-pull mechanical and cryogenic systems
– Work with civil engineers: underground IR Hall, above ground Assembly Hall
• Multidisciplinary:– Radiation protection: self-shielding, “PACMAN” design, etc.
• Shielding design and radiation calculations
– Vibration measurement & control, especially of QD0– Alignment, especially of QD0– Metrology
• Frequency Scanning Interferometer to re-establish alignment after a push-pull
– Cryo: • guaranteeing system, lines, interconnects consistent with detector design and push-pull operation
– Vacuum for z<200m– Feedback to stabilize/maximize Luminosity: “FONT” BPM and Kicker– Beam commissioning with or without detectors
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MDI People
• The Future– Everything that has been done to produce the LOI/DBD will need to be re-done in the
context of the Japanese site specific design• Many results used for the design are >7 years old• Details have changed yet not been incorporated into a self-consistent collection of results• Design changes: new L* desired by AD&I team• “Value Engineering” should be applied as ILC project comes on the mass shell
– A new team must learn how to use existing tools or develop better tools– Many projects have not begun or have been abandoned for lack of available
personnel
• Past contributors (partial list):– Takashi Maruyama & Lew Keller (backgrounds)
– Mike Woods, Mike Hildreth(NDU), Eric Torrence (UO), Ken Moffeit (LEP Issues)
– Mario Santana (FLUKA radiations calculations)
– Wes Craddock (Solenoid & Yoke design; Cryo)
– Marty Breidenbach, Phil Burrows(OU), Marco Oriunno, TWM (all)
– Brett Parker, Andy Marone & Bill Sporre (BNL QD0)
– Bill Cooper(FNAL), Mike Sullivan, Sasha Novokhatski (Beam Pipe, Vacuum, HOM Heating)
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-0.3
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SiD 4.1/9.5m FD with FB Kicker Behind QD0(Door Closed)
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC
HCAL Door Yoke PACMAN
QD0 CryostatQF1
Cryostat
QD0 L*=4.1m
QF1 L*=9.5m
QD0 Service Pipe
FB Kicker
BPMs
BeamCal
PolyCarbonate
LumiCal
W MaskBeampipe
ECAL
Movers
Beampipe Spider
Support
Bellows & Flange
117cm156cm
Valves/Pumps
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SiD 4.1/9.5m FD with FB Kicker Behind QD0(Door Closed)
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC
HCAL Door Yoke
QD0 CryostatQF1
Cryostat
QD0 L*=4.1m
QF1 L*=9.5m
QD0 Service Pipe
FB Kicker
BPMs
BeamCal
PolyCarbonate
LumiCal
W MaskBeampipe
ECAL
Movers
Beampipe Spider
Support
Bellows & Flange
117cm156cm
Valves/Pumps
2.8m
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SiD Schematic(Door Open 2.8m)
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC
HCAL
Door Yoke
QD0 L*=4.1m QF1
L*=9.5m
QD0 Service Cryostat
FB Kicker
PACMAN
Barrel Yoke
Solenoid Cryostat
HCAL
Cryo Chiller
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“Recent(?) Past” MDI Projects
2011-12 for DBD:– Add real vacuum components to beamline to
make sure it is buildable– QD0 Support Tube and Magnet Mover System– Frequency Scanning Interferometer System– Vacuum and High Order Mode Calculations
Older:– Self Shielding Calculations (2010?)– PACMAN Engineering (2008?)– Beam-Beam Backgrounds, DID/Anti-DID,
Apertures (2006 and for “SB2009”)
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Hot Topic Again
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Granada LCWS’11 Engineering ModelGo from PPT Engineering to COTS parts
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC
G. Anzalone/SLAC
Transitions Critical
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More Aggressive Bellows Design
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Assume functionality of double multi-convolution
bellows provided by bellows outboard of the
VXD support
Need to ensure adequate clearance between
beampipe and all FCAL components
Suggested that this bellows “comes for free” if
back end of cone appropriately engineered
Handshake with QD0/FCAL Support Scheme Essential
Rejected Conservative Design2-multi & 1-single convolution
bellows to allow FCAL position & VXD angle adjust
22% Evts in LumiCal lost
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Vacuum: Still Assumes QD0 Cryo-Pump Only,But…..
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC
(“Virtual”?) Single Convolution Bellow in front of BeamCAL
Recent suggestion to eliminate individual beampipes within BeamCal and the
Low-Z absorber for better conductance
Previous VersionImplication to reduced BeamCal acceptance
not yet considered
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Space Behind BeamCal Increased from 100mm→277mm to accommodate BPM
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC
W-Mask to protect QD0 from Pairs
Common or Individual bellows
4-electrode 100mm stripline
1um resolution BPM(2nd BPM Now Requested)
Increased separation to accommodate
bellows, BPM and flanges
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Transverse Space Behind BeamCal Tightly Constrained
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Electro-mechanical Design of Fast Feedback BPM & Kicker
by S. Smith/SLAC 2006
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Evolution of QD0-QF1 region(L* = 3.5m Design; needs updating)
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC
•Valve/Pump Out/RGA assemblies near QF1 end•QD0 Service Line to 2K chiller extended maximally to rear•Support tube behind QD0 extends to allow 2.8m door opening transitioning to a half-cylinder for access
Door plates Door Ring5683mm
QD0 Service Line
Wedge Alignment System in Pockets in Door Ring
Back end of QD06933mm
Back end of Support Tube
Valve Assembly550mm FB Kicker8090mm from IP
FB BPMG. Anzalone/SLAC
Front QD03283mm
Front QD09236mm
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Plan & Elevation Views of Disconnect & Pumpout ValvesRequired for Rapid Push-Pull
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC
1-1/2” Gate Valves
Formed Bellows & Disconnect
Flanges
Angle Valve for Roughout Pump
G. Anzalone/SLAC
Ion Pumps
All Vacuum Parts from MDC Catalog
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Integration of the QD0 cryoline
Hilman Rollers
QD0 service cryostat
He2 cryoline
Ancillary platform
T. Markiewicz/SLAC2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 16 of 40
M. Oriunno/SLAC
BNL Design of QD0 Support and Alignment System
• ANSYS analysis of QD0 outer can in either original 0.25” or suggested 1” thickness shows unacceptable deformation of cold mass support structure
• BNL designed an external support tube and a compact mover system
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Bill Sporre/BNL
Bolt Hole Rotation Pt.
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Support Tube Analysis Weight Distribution When LumiCal & BeamCal Supported on Extension of QD0 Cryostat
Support Tube 980 kg
QD0908 kg
M. Oriunno/SLAC2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015
Needs Updating after L* Change to 4.1m
Displacements (mm)VM Stresses (Kgf/mm2)
Door Closed: 100um deflectionAt LumiCal
Supports
M. Oriunno/SLAC
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Needs Updating after L* Change to 4.1m
Displacements (mm)VM Stresses (Kgf/mm2)
2.8 mDoor Open 2.8m: 6mm deflectionAt LumiCal
VXD Tracker Supports
M. Oriunno/SLAC
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC 20 of 40
Needs Updating after L* Change to 4.1m
QD0 Wedge Design Concept
Total Pad Travel as is = .475in
Height of pad and distance of displacement will be changed pending analysis on sagging of beam line.
Conceptual design only at this point
Motor & Drive Rod system not yet done
Limit SwitchesPotentiometer
Bill Sporre/BNL
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015
Pads located in cutouts in iron ring
to which door plates are welded
216<r<620mm
QD0 Wedge Design Concept
Bill Sporre/BNL
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015
Drive Shaft & motors also need work
Frequency Scanning Interferometry
• Pioneered by Armin Reichold et al at Oxford for ATLAS– Oxford has commercialized a system bought by LCLS to
monitor adjustable gap undulator: many heads
• In SiD context, R&D program by Keith Riles et al at U. Michigan 2003-2007 (for SiD tracker) & 2011-2012 (for QD0)
– Established an 8-channel optical table in Michigan lab
– Verified 1-D, 2-D displacement measurements with sub-micron precision – Available equipment limits 3-D displacement test to few-micron precision, but should be fine– Developing corner cubes and customized beam launchers – Currently compact and light enough for MDI application, but not for SiD tracker
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FSI Grid for Monitoring QD0
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Keith Riles, Hai-Jun Yang/U. Michigan
QD0 QF1
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IP Vacuum
• VACCALC: “ A Method for Calculating Pressure Profiles in Vacuum Pipes”, SLAC-PEP-II-APNOTE-6-94– The outgassing rate is taken to be 0.1 nTorr•l/s/cm2.
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC
If cryo-pump only 136 nTorr• If add 10 l/s pump 69 nTorr• If add 20 l/s pump 46 nTorr
M. Sullivan/SLAC
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Beam-Beampipe Interactionat the IP and in QD0
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Sasha Novokhatski/SLAC
Wakefields and Bunch field as beam passes BEAMCAL and LUMICAL
Beam-induced wakefields result in power loss due to trapped higher order modes and resistive wall heatingThese have been calculated by A. Novokhatski for the current IR geometry using MAFIA and NOVO codes:See: http://ilcagenda.linearcollider.org/materialDisplay.py?contribId=2&materialId=slides&confId=5596
Effects are very dependent on exact geometries, materials, shielding schemes and contact resistance
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Summary of HOM Heating at IP
• Average power of the wake fields excited in IR is around 30 W for nominal parameters (6 kW pulsed)– 90% from modes excited in pipe (geometry (R/Q) & frequency
dependent)
– 10% from resistive wall heating
• In the QD0 region there is an additional ~4W from resistive losses in the pipes and wakefields, excited by pipe diameter changes, due to the shielded bellows– Flange edge size, contact resistance, coatings important
• Heating from BPMs and kickers must be added
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Full 3D LOI Beam Pipe(no bellows, flanges, or pump ports included)
Sasha Novokhatski/SLAC 27 of 40
Self-Shielding and PACMAN
• PACMAN shields IR Area between the detector and the beam tunnel• Current Concept has a SiD-mounted piece and a ILC/SiD common
piece to accommodate different detector sizes and QD0 support schemes
• Figures of merit are “Total Dose” and “Dose Rate”– Relevant Japanese authorities need to be educated about the nature
of ILC pulsed beams
– Dose Rate limits (which seem artificially low given the short time scale of an “accident” (1ms)”) need to be re-evaluated
• Handling of PACMAN sub-pieces will likely determine underground crane requirements
• Design of UG IR Hall, tunnel lip that holds QF1, interface with platform motion system, QD0 support and push-pull all argue for active work in this area
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2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Electrical motor, low friction hinges
Current SiD “PacMan” Rotating Hinged Design
M. Oriunno, SLAC 29 of 40
T. Markiewicz/SLAC
Geometry: pacman and SiDB-B’
SiD elevation at beam plane Small PACMAN
SiD elevation at beam plane Large PACMAN
SiD elevation at beam plane Large PACMAN
50 cm steel +
170 cm concrete
120 cm steel +
250 cm concrete
M. Santana, SLAC, LCWS 20102015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 30/40
MSL - SLAC 31
20 R.L. Cu target in IP-9 m. Small pacman.
9 MW9 MW
BEAM PLANE PENETRATION PLANE
9 MW9 MW
µSv/event- 1000 µSv/event- 18000 mSv/h
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLACM. Santana, SLAC - 2010 LCWS Beijing 31/40
MSL - SLAC 32
20 R.L. Cu target in IP @ 9 m. Large pacman.
9 MW9 MW
BEAM PLANE PENETRATION PLANE
9 MW9 MW
µSv/event- 10 µSv/event- 180 mSv/h
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLACM. Santana, SLAC - 2010 LCWS Beijing 32/40
Provisional conclusions
• Small pacman and pacman-cavern interface are sufficient in terms of dose per event.
– Beam aborted after 1 Train• However, the dose rates for the small pacman are very high:
– Proven mechanisms should be installed to:• avoid these accidents to occur• shut off beam after 1 train (200 mS)
– Possible Debates• The large pacman complies with all criteria.• The penetrations in the pacman don’t require local shielding.• The shielding of the detector may be insufficient to comply
with dose rate limit. Exclusion area?• More studies ongoing (mis-steering…)
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLACM. Santana, SLAC 33/40
Backgrounds & Forward Calorimetry
• All studies done by T. Maruyama in GEANT3 (pairs, SR) and FLUKA (Neutrons from Dump, Dose Rates)
• Last looked at for “SB 2009” IP Parameters and presented early 2011
• Have not kept up with changes to nominal beam parameters, beam energy variations, or changes to FCAL
• Questions of DID/anti-DID implementation, “bent solenoid”, new L*, beampipe variants, etc. should be investigated
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC 34 of 40
SiD Forward RegionLumiCal20 layers of 2.5 mm W +10 layers of 5.0 mm W
BeamCal50 layers of 2.5 mm W
3cm-thick Tungsten Mask13cm-thick BoratedPoly
Centered on the outgoing beam line
EC
AL
Beampipe+/- 94 mrad (detector)+101 mrad, -87mrad (ext. line)
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLACT. Maruyama SLAC 35/40
Pair edge and Beam pipe design
Pt=0.032 Pz0.43
Pt
(GeV
/c)
Pz (GeV/c)
• Pairs develop a sharp edge and the beam pipe must be placed outside the edge.
• Find an analytical function of the edge in Pt vs. Pz space.• Taking into account the crossing angle and solenoid field,
draw helices in R vs. Z space. SB2009 500 GeV TF
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLACT. Maruyama SLAC 36/40
SiD beam pipe and pairs edgeMessage: Aggressive Beampipe
500 GeV RDR Nominal 500 GeV RDR Low P
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLACT. Maruyama SLAC 37/40
Detector-Integrated-Dipole
• Total pair energy into BeamCal is half.– 10 TeV/BX vs. 20 TeV/BX with NO-DID.
• Pair distribution is symmetric and more confined.• No. photons backscattering to the tracker is half.
We want Anti-DID. DID
SiD Solenoid
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLACT. Maruyama SLAC 38/40
VXD hit density / train
0.1
1
10
100
Hits
/mm
2/tr
ain
54321
VXD Layer
1000 GeV TF 1000 GeV NoTF 500 GeV RDR 500 GeV TF 500 GeV NoTF 350 GeV TF 350 GeV NoTF 250 GeV TF 250 GeV NoTF
100 hits/mm2
6 hits/mm2
• Detector tolerance
• Use generic 1% pixel occupancy
• Dependent on sensor technology and readout sensitive window.
– Standard CCD 20m x 20m
• 2500 pixels/mm2
• 6 hits/mm2/sw (assuming 1 hit 4 pixels)
– Fine pixel CCD 5m x 5m
• 40000 pixels/mm2
• 100 hits/mm2/sw (assuming 1 hit 4 pixels)
T. Maruyama SLAC
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC 39/40
Summary
Every area mentioned would benefit from increased collaboration and fresh ideas
Prototypes and experimental verification of design will eventually be reqired.
2015.04.23 SiD MDI ALCW2015 T. Markiewicz/SLAC 40/40