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Sex, Gender and Equality Rikki Arundel MSc, FPSA, FRSA

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Page 1: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

Sex, Gender and Equality 

Rikki Arundel MSc, FPSA, FRSA

Page 2: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

Labels, Labels, Labels• Trans• Transgender• Transsexual• Transvestite• Trans‐Man/Woman• FTM/F2M – MTF/M2F • Crossdresser• Tranny/Trannie• Androgyne• BiGendered• Pangender• Cisgender• Gender Queer• Non‐binary• Gender Variant• Gender Fluid• Gender Normative

• Intersex• Hermaphrodite• Drag Queen• Drag King• Female Impersonator• She Male• LadyBoy/Kathoey• Hijra/Metis• Travestie/Quariwarmi• Two Spirit (Berdache)• Muxe• Ashtime/Mashoga/Man

gaiko• Xanith/Khanith• Bantut/Bakla• Mahu/Mahu Wahihi• Bissu/Calabai/Calalai• Eunuch

• Asexual• Bicurious• Bisexual• Butch• Camp • Dyke• Fag Hag• Femme• Gay• Homosexual• Heterosexual• Lesbian• Metrosexual• Nellie • Pansexual• Straight

Page 3: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

European Union ‐ Social Chapter• General Election 1997• Human Rights Act 1998• Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment) Regulations 1999• The Employment Equality (sexual orientation) Regulations 2003• Local Government Act 2003 (Section 28 repeal)• Gender Recognition Act 2004

– Gender Recognition (Disclosure of Information) Order 2005 • Civil Partnership Act 2004• Equality Act 2006

– Equality and Human Rights Commission– Gender Equality Duty – April 2007– The Equality Act (Sexual Orientation) Regulations 2007

• European Directive 2004/113/EC  December 2007 – (December 21st 2007)• Sex Discrimination (Amendment of Legislation) Regulations 2008• Equality Act 2010• General Election 2010

GenderSpeaker.com

Page 4: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

Equality Act 2010• Protected Characteristics

1. Age2. Disability3. Gender reassignment4. Marriage and civil partnership5. Pregnancy and maternity6. Race7. Religion and belief8. Sex9. Sexual orientation

GenderSpeaker.com

Page 5: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

Gender Reassignment• Planning to undergo, is undergoing or has undergone a “Medically Supervised” process of gender reassignment

• Planning to undergo, is undergoing or has undergone a “Personal” process of gender reassignment

• Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM v) – Removed Gender Identity Disorder– Gender Dysphoria– Transvestic Fetishism

GenderSpeaker.com

Page 6: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

Equality Act 2010• Direct Discrimination• Indirect Discrimination • Associated Discrimination• Perceived Discrimination• Positive Action• Victimisation• Harassment

GenderSpeaker.com

Page 7: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

Harassment Harassment occurs when someone 

engages in unwanted behaviour which is related to a relevant protected characteristic 

and which has the purpose or effect of:violating a persons dignity or

creating an intimidating, hostile, degrading, humiliating or offensive 

environment for the person.

Page 8: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

OMG! That is So Gay

What language is appropriate in the workplace? 

Page 9: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

What not to say...

• Are you a man or a woman?• Do you have sex with men or women? • Have you had the operation? • Which toilets do you use?• You pass really well• I can tell you were a man/woman• When did you decide to become trans?

GenderSpeaker.com

Page 10: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

Public Sector Equality Duty 2011Public Bodies – due regard• Eliminate discrimination, harassment and victimisation • Advance equality of opportunity • Foster good relations

Advance equality of opportunity includes• Remove or minimise disadvantages • Meet differing needs • Encourage participation in public life

Foster good relations includes• Tackle prejudice• Promote understanding

GenderSpeaker.com

Page 11: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

Treat everyone with

dignity and respect

Page 12: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

John Powell

Why Am I Afraid To Tell You Who I Am

Page 13: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

“Pinkification” of Girls

GenderSpeaker.com

Page 14: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

How Many Genders are There? 

Page 15: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

How Many Gender Variant? • Presenting for treatment at clinics

– 12,500  ‐ 11% pa growth• Gender Variant

– 6 in 1000– 300,000  ‐ 80% male to female– 500,000  ‐ if gender balance equal 

• Sexual Orientation – 60 in 1000 – Source www.Gires.org.uk

• Masculine Girls Effeminate Boys– 10% of population Gender Variant

GenderSpeaker.com

Page 16: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

GenderSpeaker.com

Blurring Gender

Page 17: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

GenderSpeaker.com

Blurring Gender

Page 18: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

GenderSpeaker.com

Blurring Gender

Page 19: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

GenderSpeaker.com

Blurring Gender

Page 20: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

GenderSpeaker.com

Blurring Gender

Page 21: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

Blurring Gender

Page 22: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

Rikki Arundel The Gender Speaker

www.GenderSpeaker.com

Page 23: Sex, Gender and Equality - RDaSH NHS Foundation Trust · European Union ‐Social Chapter • General Election 1997 • Human Rights Act 1998 • Sex Discrimination (Gender Reassignment)

Questions and

Answers