1Adopsi & Implementasi Hukum KesehatanInternasionalInternasional

Dr. Sigit Riyanto. SH., LL.M.

2Overview:

Latar Belakang Globalization & IHRInternational Health Regulations (IHR) / International Health Regulations (IHR) /

International Health Law (IHL);Mengapa IHR/IHL : Globalisasi; Global Mengapa IHR/IHL : Globalisasi; Global

problem need global solution;HK Intl sbg kerangka global public health;bg g g b p b ; Adopsi kedalam Hk Nasional

3Interaksi HK Intl & Hk Nasional dlm Public HealthHealth

WHOEnvironmental Human Rights

WHO:Soft LawRegime

o e aRegime

u a g sRegime

N ( L i l i Hk N i l)Negara ( Legislasi Hk Nasional)

4Latar Belakangg globalization is reshaping the role of international

law in contemporary public health governancelaw in contemporary public health governance.. Infectious diseases

Increased speed and volume of international trade and travel promotes cross-border transmission of pathogenic microbespromotes cross border transmission of pathogenic microbes

Increased cross-border microbial traffic reveals weaknesses of domestic public health systems

States cannot deal with these and other challenges unilaterally; international cooperation is needed

Mechanisms for international cooperation, such as international law, become crucial to public health responses

h bl d i i id d b l b li ito the problems and opportunities provided by globalization

5Mengapa perlu Intrumen HK IHR--- Globalisasi ?

Globalization : the process of increasing economic, political and social interdependence and global political and social interdependence, and global integration that occurs as capital, traded goods, people, culture, concepts, images, ideas and values diffuse

i l b d i across national boundaries .

It describes the growth in international exchange and interdependenceexchange and interdependence.

6Mengapa IHR/IHL : Globalisasi; Global problem need global solution

Globalisasi : The actorsGlobalisasi : The actors States/Governments; International

Humanitarian aid workers;International

Organisations; Diplomats;

MNC/ Global

; Migrant workers; Political refugees;

Transnational MNC/ Global Companies;

Diasphoric populations;

Transnational smugglers;

Transnational mafias; International managers; NGO activists; Diaspora middlemen;

Mercenaries, Transnational armed groups,

etcDiaspora middlemen;

7International Health Regulations (IHR) / International Health Law (IHL)

Sbg instrumen hukum internasional universal;

Instrumen utk Coordination & Collective managementmanagement

8Proses pembentukan (IHR) / International Health Law (IHL)

Neg BNeg. A

Neg. B

OI: WHOIHL/IHR

Neg. E

Neg DNeg. C

Neg. D

9(IHR) sbg instrumen hk

IHR : merupakan legal framework utkpenyakit menular yg menyebar secara penyakit menular yg menyebar secara internasional .

Framework Utk;Framework Utk; Surveillance, Investigation, g Notification and ; Control of Outbreaks of International Importance.

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Mengapa kita perlu IHR/IHL ?Mengapa kita perlu IHR/IHL ? Globalization :

Proses yg berimplikasi pada (salah satunya) : Proses yg berimplikasi pada (salah satunya) : public health and global public health governance. g

Global Problem need global solution IHR diperlukan :..globalization is reshaping the

l f i i l l i blirole of international law in contemporary public health governance

Public Health: konsep ( global national) konsep ( global < > national)

Kes nasionalKes. Global Kes. nasional

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Interconnected risks

Proses globalisasi dpt menimbulkan interconnected risks and opportunities that interconnected risks and opportunities that

affect the sustainability of health systems worldwide

Global problem need global solution x >irrespective of origin or source

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HK Intl sbg kerangka global public health

reshaping the role of international law : Public Health perlu International Law Approach : sbg kebutuhan ( global Public Health perlu International Law Approach : sbg kebutuhan ( global

national) krn

global health problems:. complex, inter-sectoral and interrelated vis a vis traditional sovereignty interrelated, .......vis a vis traditional sovereignty barrier.

frameworks for coordinated action is needed; Need a legal strategy.:International law approach for

international health development:

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Globalization & Tantangan Kes Masy

Teoritis & praktis: globalisasi public health; E.g. cross-border traffic, cross-border transmission..

Negara tdk mampu menyelesaikan secara unilateral : kerjasama intl diperlukan utk : x identifying, controlling, and preventing

Mekanisme kerjasama intl dgn HK Intl diperlukan sbgrespon thd public health: .. responses to the problems and opportunities provided by p p pp p y

globalization.

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Public Health dlm kerangka Hk Intl:

Negara mrpk subyek yg dominan ( Sovereignty & consent) x Merupakan aktor utamax Public health is a public good, tgjwb pemerintah/negara

Organisasi kesehatan internasional (WHO) berperang ( ) ppenting dlm global public health (konsolidasi , aggregasi & Regulasi )

Individu mrpk pemegang hak dlm public health Individu mrpk pemegang hak dlm public health melalui Hk nasional, Hk. internasional dan HAM khususnya hak asasi atas kesehatan.

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HK Intl sbg kerangka global public health

Public Health, Governance, and Gl b li tiGlobalization

Gl b li ti

Global Governance

Globalization

State InternationalGovernance

NationalGovernance

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Intl Health Law sbg frameworks melembagakan:

financial and technical assistance;information exchange; information exchange;

scientific research ; Surveillance; Surveillance; treaty supervision ; and dispute resolution and dispute resolution

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Horizontal International Legal Regimes: Infectious Disease Control, 1851-1951 ( Sovereign )

Classical Regime

OrganizationalState A State BOrganizationalRegime

Trade Regime

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International Legal Regimes and Public Health (Vertikal)(Vertikal)

WHOEnvironmental Human Rights

WHO:Soft LawRegime

o e aRegime

u a g sRegime

N ( Hk N i l)Negara ( Hk Nasional)

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International Legal Regimes and Public Healthg g

Soft-Law Regime: WHO-menegembangkan norma, prinsip, dan petunjuk dlm

public health policies and practices public health policies and practices Environmental Regime:

Hk Lingkungan Intl mencegah/mengurangi trans-boundary and internal problemsp

Human Rights Regime: HAM masuk ke dlm public health : e.g. via HIV/AIDS

pandemic; perlindungan hak-sipil dan politik (e.g., non-discrimination) dan pemenuhan hak atas kesehatan (e g access discrimination) dan pemenuhan hak atas kesehatan (e.g., access to essential drugs, perawatan )

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International Health Regulations (IHR)

Perlukah Indonesia Mengadopsi IHR ?

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Adopsi kedalam Hk Nasional

Adopsi IHR: meliputiAdopsi IHR: meliputi. Transformasi ke dlm Hk Nasional;

Implementasi Regulasi ( dlm arti luas) Implementasi Regulasi ( dlm arti luas)

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HK NasionalIHR/HK Intl

Implementasi : Vertikal&Horisontal(legislasi, upy kshtan, pengkn/ sanksi, promosi,etc)

Implementasi dlm Hk Nas:

dLegislasi Fact Finding

UpayaKshtn

EnforcementProm/dissm

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