sergey chernomorets, stephen g. evans, dmitry petrakov,,g ... · sergey chernomorets, stephen g....
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Glacier Hazard Workshop 2009 Vienna
Sergey Chernomorets, Stephen G. Evans, Dmitry Petrakov, Olga Tutubalina, Irina Seynovay , g , y
Moscow State UniversityUniversity Centre for
Engineering GeodynamicsUniversity of Waterloo
C dyFaculty of Geography
Russia
Engineering Geodynamics and Monitoring
Russia
Canada
Russia
Bl k SCaspian Sea
GeorgiaBlack Sea Sea
AzerbaijanArmenia
Azerbaijan
S r200
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Turkey
Iran Terr
a M
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Nov
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“Kazbek blockages”: the beginning of glacial hazard research in the Caucasus (1860s)
“Kazbek blockages”: the beginning of glacial hazard research in the Caucasus (1860s)g g g ( )
BoleslavStatkowsky
g g g ( )
BoleslavStatkowskyStatkowsky,
a railway engineer andthe first expert
on glacial hazards
Statkowsky,a railway engineer and
the first experton glacial hazards
and debris flowsin the Russian Empire.
and debris flowsin the Russian Empire.
Glacial debris flows: Glacial debris flows: hazard assessmenthazard assessment
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tor:
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Map
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Debris flow disaster:Gerkhozhan-Su River, 2000
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Debris flow initiation zone just after the event, July 2000
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Damaged area: mining town of Tyrnyauz
Protective dam destroyed in 1999
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Tyrnyauz, 2000 Pho
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Changes 1 year after the disaster
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Tyrnyauz: risk zoningTyrnyauz: risk zoning
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Map
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Map
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Monitoring network: repeat photography, geodetic measurements, temperature loggers etc.gg
tin: M
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GLOFs: prediction experienceGLOFs: prediction experienceGLOFs: prediction experienceGLOFs: prediction experience
Database of glacial lakes: 71 lake in the Central Caucasus
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NE slope of Mt. Elbrus
Newlakes
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Change of glacial lakes north of Mt. Elbrus
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Year Year 19571957 19971997 20012001 20052005
Sate
Map
Lake area, 10Lake area, 1033 mm22 40 40 5757 235235 254254
28 July 2006
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17 August 200626 July 200617 August 200626 July 2006er
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17 August 200617 August 2006er
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17 August 2006er
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Photo: Sergey Chernomorets
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17 August 2006
ko: I
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Ч С СЧ С Сo: S
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Черноморец С.С., Черноморец С.С., Петраков Д.А., Сейнова Петраков Д.А., Сейнова И.Б., Тутубалина О.В. И.Б., Тутубалина О.В. 2121
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19 August 2006er
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Pho
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Kidy
aeva
Phot
o: V
era
K
July 2008Volume: 800 000 m3 Volume: >1,000.000 m3
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July 2007Volume: 800,000 m Volume: 1,000.000 m
Mitigation: Mitigation: outburst hazard of Lakeoutburst hazard of Lake BahskaraBahskaraoutburst hazard of Lake outburst hazard of Lake BahskaraBahskara
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2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006yeararea volume
Lake Lapa. Area and volume in 2001-2006
aps:
Ale
ksan
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Changes of Lake Lapa and Lake Mizinchik 800
Ma
Changes of Lake Lapa and Lake Mizinchik as recorded by repeated geodetic surveys. y = 7.9868e0.0515x
R2 = 0.9294400
600
800cu
b.m
0
200
0 20 40 60 80 100
c
Lake Lapa. Relationshipsbetween area and volume 0 20 40 60 80 100
sq.m
between area and volume in 2001-2006Graph: Inna Krylenko
omor
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Warning system at the Lake Bashkara
Water level automatic sensorData loggerData loggerRadiomodemTransmitterReceiverSiren/ buzzer
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Glacier disasters around Glacier disasters around Mt. Kazbek, Russia/GeorgiaMt. Kazbek, Russia/Georgia
Mt. Kazbek: transboudary locationTa
rbee
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; A
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Map of glacial and debris flow hazardKolka Glacier Disaster,
North Ossetia, 20 September 2002North Ossetia, 20 September 2002
Wiped out the New Karmadon villageD t dDestroyed infrastructureTourist facilities ruined
nom
oret
s 125 victims Costs 17 M Euro
130 140 M 3
Origin – remains of Kolka Glacier
Ser
gey
Che
r ~130-140 M m3transported material, including ~110 M m3 ice-debris dam
The largest (by volume) recorded glacier event
Map
:
in the Karmadon depression
gin the world
Kolka: precatastrophic rock and ice avalanches, August-September 2002
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57 95 M+
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9.02
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ands
at7
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atio
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Inte
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Modelling: DAN-3Dg
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Mod
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Processes in the Kolka glacier repository: one year after the disaster
I. Features unchanged in the 2002 disaster: 1.Rock ridges. 2. Summits. 3.ridges. 2. Summits. 3. Rocks and slopes with screes. 4. Denudation ravines on slopes. 5.Screes. 6. Moraines. 7. Morainic ridges 8 GlaciersMorainic ridges. 8. Glaciers and snow fields. II. Features linked to the 2002 disaster: 9. Boundary of the disaster area. А. Glacial erosion forms: 10. Area from where the glacier ice was removed. 11. Surfaces with glacial striation and polish,
Map compiled by S.S. Chernomorets, O.V Tutubalina, D.A. Petrakov on the basis of field
glacial striation and polish, fluting. 12. Ice break-up lines. B. Accumulation forms: 13. Masses of displaced ice. 14. “hummocky moraine” 15 D.A. Petrakov on the basis of field
data and IRS LISS/Pan satellite image of 11.07.2003
III. Changes after the disaster: 17. Active rock falls and screes. 18. Ice falls. 19. Renewed ravines with active rock falls 20 Renewed screes 21 Debris flows of high frequency 22
hummocky moraine 15. Ice blocks pressed into slope depressions and ravines (on 17 August 2003). 16. Displaced
ravines with active rock falls 20. Renewed screes. 21. Debris flows of high frequency. 22. Debris flow deposits. 23. River channels with traces of debris flows. 24. Thermokarst и degradation of “hummocky moraine”. 25. Landslides. 26. Temporary lake in October 2002. 27.Temporary lakes in July 2003.
morainic material with ice inclusions.
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Карта: составлена И.В. Крыленко, И.Н. КрыленкоS
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Informing the population of vulnerable areasna om
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Beware: Kazbek glaciers!Popular booklet in Russian
Sergey [email protected]
Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!