Separatists

Separatists

vs. vs.

PuritansPuritans

PuritanismPuritanism

Puritans:

Want to totally reform [purify] the Church of England.

Separatists:Separatists:

Separatists felt they had to share Separatists felt they had to share churches with the unworthychurches with the unworthy

believed in a total break from the believed in a total break from the Church of England.Church of England.

So they……So they……

SeparatistsSeparatists

1620 1620 a group of 102 a group of 102 SeparatistsSeparatists

Negotiated with theNegotiated with theVirginia Company to Virginia Company to settle ship is settle ship is

Blown off course…Blown off course…

Plymouth BayPlymouth Bay outside the domain of outside the domain of the Virginia Company.the Virginia Company.

Became squatters without legal right to Became squatters without legal right to land & specific authority to establish a land & specific authority to establish a govt.govt.

The MayflowerThe Mayflower

The Mayflower Compact

November 11, 1620

The Mayflower Compact

November 11, 1620

The Mayflower Compact

November 11, 1620

The Mayflower Compact

November 11, 1620an agreement to form a crude govt. and submit to majority rule.

Signed by 41 adult males.

Plymouth’s Contributions to American History.

Mayflower Compact• First document to establish the

practice of self-government and majority rule.

How can the themes of the Mayflower Compact be seen in the United States Today?

The MA Bay ColonyThe MA Bay Colony1629 Puritans got a royal charter to form the MA Bay Co.

Wanted to escape attacks by conservatives in the Church of England.

They didn’t want to leave the Church, just its “impurities.”= PURITANS

1630 1,000 people set off in 11 well-stocked ships

Established a colony with Boston as its hub.

“Great Migration” of the 1630s

Turmoil in England [leading to the English Civil War] sent about 70,000 Puritans to America.

Characteristics of New England Settlements

Characteristics of New England Settlements

Low mortality Low mortality average life average life expectancy was 70 years of expectancy was 70 years of age.age.

Many extended families.Many extended families.

Average 6 children per family.Average 6 children per family.

Average age at marriage:Average age at marriage: Women – 22 years oldWomen – 22 years old

Men – 27 years old.Men – 27 years old.

The New England WayThe New England Way

Hard Work

Duty

Godliness

Honesty

Plain clothing

NO FUN!!

Puritan “Rebels”Puritan “Rebels”Young, popular minister in Young, popular minister in Salem.Salem.

Argued for a full break Argued for a full break with the Anglican Church.with the Anglican Church.

Condemned MA Bay Condemned MA Bay Charter.Charter.

• Did not give fair Did not give fair compensation to Indians.compensation to Indians.

Denied authority of civil Denied authority of civil govt. to regulate religious govt. to regulate religious behavior.behavior.

1635 1635 found guilty of preaching found guilty of preaching newe & newe & dangerous opinionsdangerous opinions and was exiled. and was exiled.

Roger Roger WilliamsWilliams

1636 1636 Roger Williams fled TO Roger Williams fled TO

RHODE ISLANDRHODE ISLAND

I becomes known as the “Sewer” I becomes known as the “Sewer” because it is seen by the Puritans as a because it is seen by the Puritans as a dumping ground for unbelievers and dumping ground for unbelievers and religious dissenters religious dissenters More liberal than More liberal than any other colony!any other colony!

Rhode IslandRhode Island

Intelligent, strong-willed,Intelligent, strong-willed,well-spoken woman.well-spoken woman.

Threatened patriarchal Threatened patriarchal control.control.

[direct revelation][direct revelation]

Truly saved didn’t need to obey the law of Truly saved didn’t need to obey the law of either God or man.either God or man.

Puritan “Rebels”Puritan “Rebels”

AnneAnneHutchinsonHutchinson

1638 1638 she confounded the Puritan she confounded the Puritan leaders for days.leaders for days.

Eventually bragged that she had Eventually bragged that she had received her beliefs DIRECTLY from God.received her beliefs DIRECTLY from God.

Direct revelation was even more serious Direct revelation was even more serious than the heresy- than the heresy- WHY??WHY??

Puritan leaders banished herPuritan leaders banished her

Anne Hutchinson’s Trial

Anne Hutchinson’s Trial

New England Spreads Out

New England Spreads Out

New England Colonies, 1650

New England Colonies, 1650

Indians especially weak in New England Indians especially weak in New England epidemics wiped out ¾ of the native epidemics wiped out ¾ of the native popul.popul.

Wampanoags [near Plymouth] Wampanoags [near Plymouth] befriended the settlers.befriended the settlers.

Cooperation between the two Cooperation between the two helped by helped by SquantoSquanto..

1621 1621 Chief Massasoit signed Chief Massasoit signedtreaty with the settlers.treaty with the settlers.

Autumn, 1621 Autumn, 1621 both groups both groups celebrated the First Thanksgiving.celebrated the First Thanksgiving.

Puritans vs. Native Americans

Puritans vs. Native Americans

The First Thanksgiving?

The First Thanksgiving?

In 1863, President Lincoln proclaimed In 1863, President Lincoln proclaimed Thanksgiving an official US holiday.Thanksgiving an official US holiday.

Only hope for Native Only hope for Native Americans to resist Americans to resist white settlers was to white settlers was to UNITE.UNITE.

MetacomMetacom [King Philip to [King Philip to white settlers]white settlers]

Massasoit’s son united Massasoit’s son united Indians and staged Indians and staged coordinated attacks coordinated attacks on white settlements throughout New on white settlements throughout New England.England.

Frontier settlements forced to retreat to Frontier settlements forced to retreat to Boston.Boston.

King Philip’s War (1675-1676}King Philip’s War (1675-1676}

The war ended in failure for the IndiansThe war ended in failure for the Indians

Metacom beheaded and drawn and Metacom beheaded and drawn and quartered.quartered.

His son and wife sold into slavery.His son and wife sold into slavery.

Never a serious threat in New England Never a serious threat in New England again!!again!!

King Philip’s War (1675-1676}King Philip’s War (1675-1676}

Population of the New England Colonies

Population of the New England Colonies

Population Comparisons:New England v. the

Chesapeake

Population Comparisons:New England v. the

Chesapeake