seiya tsubone - wide projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · regular update when regular update...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Routing Protocol
Seiya Tsubone
The University of Tokyo
Apr. 25. 2013
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 1 / 60
![Page 2: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Table of Contents
1 The Concept of Routing
2 RIP
3 OSPF
4 BGP
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 2 / 60
![Page 3: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
The Concept of Routing
Routing is the process of selecting paths to transfer IPpackets.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 3 / 60
![Page 4: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
Direct Connected Network
In direct connected network, packets aretransfered by using Layer 2 Protocol.MAC address, ARP, Ethernet...
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 4 / 60
![Page 5: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
IP packets are transfered from router to routerhop-by-hop.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 5 / 60
![Page 6: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
Routing Table
Among networks, routers use Routing Table.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 6 / 60
![Page 7: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
Matching with Routing Table
Perfect MatchPartial Match ( in this case, Longest Match isadopted.)Default Gateway
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 7 / 60
![Page 8: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
Perfect Match
Entry : 203.183.224.3
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 8 / 60
![Page 9: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
Partial Match
Entry : 203.183.224.205
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 9 / 60
![Page 10: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
Default Gateway
Entry : 61.122.116.136
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 10 / 60
![Page 11: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
To Make Routing Table
Static RoutingDynamic Routing
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 11 / 60
![Page 12: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
Static Routing
Static Routing is achieved by manually adding routes tothe routing table. The route is fixed(not changed).
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 12 / 60
![Page 13: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
Static Routing Problems
Traffic can not be arrived if network structurechanged or an incident occured on the route.When the network is large, it takes a lot of costs tomanage the routing tables.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 13 / 60
![Page 14: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
Dynamic Routing
The router updates the routing table by exchaningrouting information among routers in response toconditions.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 14 / 60
![Page 15: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
Dynamic Routing Algorithms
Distance Vector MethodLink State Method
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 15 / 60
![Page 16: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
Distance Vector Method
Adjacent routers exchange routing information.Based on that infromation, routers make the table,then calculate the shortest path by usingBellman-Ford algorithm.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 16 / 60
![Page 17: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
Features of Distance Vector Method
Simple and easily implemented.It takes long time to prevail the routing informationamong all routes in the network.Infinity counting problem.Can not judge quolity of path (Bandwidth etc. . . ).
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 17 / 60
![Page 18: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
Link State Method
Routers have LSDB(Link State Data Base) andknow network topology.Routers exchange LSA(Link State Advertisement).Based on topology, each router calculate theshortest path by Dijkstra’s algorithm.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 18 / 60
![Page 19: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
Features of Link State Method
Faster caluculation compared to Distance VectorMethod.If the network becomes large, efficiency is down.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 19 / 60
![Page 20: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
Dijkstra’s algorithm
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 20 / 60
![Page 21: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
Dynamic Routing Protocol
Divide broadly into two categories.IGP - Interior Gateway ProtocolEGP - Exterior Gateway Protocol
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 21 / 60
![Page 22: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
AS - Autonomous System
a collection of connected Internet Protocol (IP) routingprefixes under the control of one or more networkoperators that presents a common, clearly definedrouting policy to the Internet(e.g. ISP,WIDE)
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 22 / 60
![Page 23: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
AS number
AS has a unique numberassigned by NIC(Network Information Center)NIC includes JPNIC.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 23 / 60
![Page 24: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
IGP
within an AS (autonomous system).RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, OSPF
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 24 / 60
![Page 25: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
The Concept of Routing
EGP
among AS (autonomous system).EGP, BGP
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 25 / 60
![Page 26: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
RIP
RIP
Routing Information Protocolusing Distance Vector Method.version 1 and 2
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 26 / 60
![Page 27: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
RIP
RIP v1 Features
Regular UpdateDelete path informationAvoid Routing Loop
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 27 / 60
![Page 28: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
RIP
RIP Packet
using UDP port 520.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 28 / 60
![Page 29: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
RIP
Metric
the number of router hopsmetric is between 0 to 16Each time passing a router, metric is counted up.The number 16 represents that the network isunreachable.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 29 / 60
![Page 30: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
RIP
Regular Update
When Regular Update received, routers update thetable based on
Destination IP AddressNext Hop AddressMetricElapsed time since last update
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 30 / 60
![Page 31: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
RIP
Elapsed Time
To broadcast regular update(update message) every 30seconds to the next hops. If elapsed time exceeds 180seconds, routers recognize the routing path is dead.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 31 / 60
![Page 32: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
RIP
Removing Path
If elapsed time exceeds 180 seconds, routers recognizethe routing path is dead( not removed). If elapsed timeexceeds 120 seconds, routers remove the routing path.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 32 / 60
![Page 33: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
RIP
Triggered Update
To reduce the time of removing dead path, If thenetwork structure changed, routers quickly send pathinformation to next routers.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 33 / 60
![Page 34: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
RIP
Avoid Loop
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 34 / 60
![Page 35: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
RIP
Split Horizon
Not send the routing update to sender back
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 35 / 60
![Page 36: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
RIP
Poizoned Riverse
If a path is down, send information whose metric is 16.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 36 / 60
![Page 37: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
RIP
Unavoidable Infinity Counting
However using Split Horizon and Poizoned Riverse,unavoidable infinity counting occured. Countermeasureis only reducing time to convergence by TriggerdUpdate.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 37 / 60
![Page 38: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
RIP
RIP v2
RIP v1 is classful routing protocol, but RIP v2 isclassless.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 38 / 60
![Page 39: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
RIP
Class
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 39 / 60
![Page 40: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
RIP
Problems on RIP
Take a long time to convergence.The maximum of the metric is 15.Can not detect the true shortest path (e.g.considering bandwidth).
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 40 / 60
![Page 41: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
RIP
IGRP and EIGRP
Interior Gateway Routing Protocol Enhanced InteriorGateway Routing Protocol
Cisco Inc. developed this protocol.Only use with Products of Cisco Inc.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 41 / 60
![Page 42: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
OSPF
OSPF
Open Shortest Path Firstusing Link State Method.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 42 / 60
![Page 43: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
OSPF
Features of OSPF
not use Transport Protocol.use Unicast and Multicast.Metric is cost considering bandwidth or delayRouting Loop does not happen.Saving bandwidth and convergence is fast.Hierarchial routing for large-scale network
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 43 / 60
![Page 44: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
OSPF
OSPF Packets
HelloDatabase DescriptionLink State RequestLink State UpdateLink State Acknowledgement
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 44 / 60
![Page 45: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
OSPF
LSA and LSDB
In OSPF network, each router has information ofnetwork topology as LSDB(Link State Data Base).LSA(Link State Advertisement) is an entry of LSDB.LSA types.
Router-LSANetwork-LSANetwork-Summary-LSAASBR-Summary-LSAAS-External-LSA
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 45 / 60
![Page 46: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
OSPF
Behaviour of OSPF
Detect Neighbors.Elect Designated Routers.Synchronize LSDB.Each router calculate the shortest path based onLSDB.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 46 / 60
![Page 47: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
OSPF
Detect Neighbors
One router send hello packet with multicast, anotherone which received the packet responses, thenconnection established. This process is like TCP.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 47 / 60
![Page 48: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
OSPF
Elect Designated Routers
Instead of establishing adjacency with all neighbors,each router establishes one with DR and BDR router.Electing process is too complex. . .
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 48 / 60
![Page 49: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
OSPF
Synchronize LSDB
Routers can detect diffrence among their LSDB byexchanging Database Description Packets.If there is diffrence, router send Link State RequestPacket to make up a lack.The router which received that packet returns LinkState Update Packet.Finally, Link State Acknowledgment Packet is sent.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 49 / 60
![Page 50: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
OSPF
Router-LSA and Network-LSA
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 50 / 60
![Page 51: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
OSPF
Routing among Areas
OSPF supports Routing among Areas for large-scalenetwork.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 51 / 60
![Page 52: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
OSPF
Features of Routing among Areas
Router-LSA and Network-LSA are flooding withinan area.LSDB are managed by each area.Routers within an area know only LSDB of theirown area.The shortest path are structured by each area.Routing of other area is caluculated by DistanceVector Method.Thanks to Backbone Area, Loop Routing can beavoided.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 52 / 60
![Page 53: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
BGP
BGP
Border Gateway ProtocolPath Vector MethodTCP(port 179)
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 53 / 60
![Page 54: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
BGP
Path Vector Method
Routing Loop can be avoided by memoring path(ASnumber).
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 54 / 60
![Page 55: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
BGP
Behaviour of BGP
Establish TCP ConnectionExchange Basic InformationExchange Routing InformationConfirm Keep AliveUpdate Diffrence
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 55 / 60
![Page 56: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
BGP
Establish TCP Connection
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 56 / 60
![Page 57: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
BGP
Exchange Basic Information
Using OPEN Message.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 57 / 60
![Page 58: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
BGP
Exchange Routing Information
Using UPDATE Message.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 58 / 60
![Page 59: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
BGP
Confirm Keep Alive
Using KEEPALIVE Message.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 59 / 60
![Page 60: Seiya Tsubone - WIDE Projecttsubo/group_study/routing.pdf · Regular Update When Regular Update received, routers update the table based on Destination IP Address Next Hop Address](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022040619/5f2fbf560547fa4a8e5dcd30/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
BGP
Update Diffrence
Using UPDATE Message.
Seiya Tsubone (The University of Tokyo) Routing Protocol Apr. 25. 2013 60 / 60