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RESEARCH JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND HYDROBIOLOGY, 10(9) May 2015, Pages: 592-598

Seyed Asadollah Sadr and Jafar Rahnamarad, 2015

RESEARCH JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND HYDROBIOLOGY

© 2015 AENSI Publisher All rights reserved

ISSN:1816-9112

Open Access Journal

Copyright © 2015 by authors and American-Eurasian Network for Scientific Information.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International

License (CC BY). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Seepage from Sarney earth dam (South-East of Iran) 1Seyed Asadollah Sadr and 2Jafar Rahnamarad

ABSTRACT Sarney earthen dam, at a distance of 34 km southeast of Minab in the province is in the process of Graduate Studies. Dam sediment structure of the division, located in the extreme western Makran region. Dominant lithology within the catchment dam Sarney mainly of shale, sandstone, mudstone and siltstone is formed. Firstly, the study was designed to collect basic information, then surveys the field and data analysis software by Dips and Seep / w done. The purpose of this study was to investigate the escape of water from the dam Sarney hydrological and potential escape of water from alluvial deposits in different situations is watertight membrane. According to the study, the dam seepage control Sarney, combining the sealing element includes a membrane-impermeable wall and waterproof, the best option is for the following reasons. Reduce the amount of leakage is very low and insignificant and acceptable as the area below the dam foundation seepage is reduced to 0.25 liters per second. The decrease of the number of focus areas quickly and rapidly form a focused area farther than clay core which is higher confidence in the clay core and bed scour the contact area. KEY WORDS: Sarney earth dams, seepage, Seep/w, Engineering geology

1Department of Geology, Bandarabbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandarabbas, Iran 2Department of Geology, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran.

Address For Correspondence: Jafar Rahnamarad, Department of Geology, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran. E-mail: Jrahnama@appliedgeology.ir

Received: 23 March 2015 Accepted: 12 June 2015 Available online: 28 June 2015

INTRODUCTION

The question of dams to harness water and surface water storage and flood season precipitation and its use

in the dry season is essential and inevitable. Dams for various purposes such as storage of water for agricultural

purposes or to produce electricity deal with flooding, shipping, aquaculture and the like are created (Ansarifar et

al., 2015). Many dams are multifunctional mode and are used simultaneously in different ways. Dams of

hydraulic structures which are constructed with the aim of collecting surface water. May for purposes such as

storing water for various uses, power generation, flood control are used. The following research goals include:

identifying conditions within the reservoir geology and geological engineering, foundation and base of the dam,

to escape the water. For research purposes, primarily by collecting and reviewing available information,

including geological and topographical maps and aerial photographs and satellite; Information exploratory

boreholes along the dam axis, injection test reports, survey and field observations and Finally, analysis and data

integration has been performed.

Sarney Reservoir Dam in the province, 34 km southeast of Minab is a barrier to access by road to the

indenture Minab is possible (Figure 1).

Fig. 1: Geographical location and the access to the dam Sarney.

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Geological Site:

Study area, the division is structured in Makran zone, the dominant lithology within the catchment Sarney

dam, mainly of shale, sandstone, mudstone and Siltstone with a cast made up and about more than 85 to 90% of

the area covered. The rocks of low permeability with respect to the properties of the constituent materials and

has no role in the storage of atmospheric loss of fertile sediment and erosion of the time are high. Conglomerate

rock, red sandstone and limestone mass crystallized mainly in small and large blocks of text color mixture is

exposed to low to moderate permeability and erosion have little appetite.

Fig. 2: Geological map of the guesswork from the geological map 1: 100,000 Taheruei (Torkizadeh and

Rahnamarad, 2015)

The system discontinuities:

In order to identify regions of unstable fracture systems and discontinuities in the rock mass of dam

foundation and bearings, joints and windows has been writing the manuscript. Accordingly, a total of 233 joints

were harvested from the fulcrum.

Rest unconformably on the right:

The fulcrum totals of 153 surface discontinuities are harvested. A total of 3 sets of joint specified. The

system is 65 to 90 degree slope along the 100 to 130 degrees. Equivalence curve diagram pole of the joints and

the rose diagrams in Figures 3 and 4 are shown. Joint repetition intervals of less than 2 mm. Figure 5 also shows

a picture of a cushion right (Torkizadeh and Rahnamarad, 2015).

Fig. 3: The curves plot the pole rose joints on the right abutment.

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Fig. 4: The figure rose joints on the right abutment.

In this abutments there are several small local fault after Dam, located in the tank and can cause the water to

escape. Very little evidence of fault in this area and the grounds of sex (shale, marl, mudstone, conglomerate,

etc.) and partly due to chemical weathering and physical smashing units (the effect of temperature variation

between night and day), there is also evidence of faults that cut the Quaternary deposits in the area is not

detectable evidence of recent work in the area (Torkizadeh and Rahnamarad, 2015).

Rupture of the left abutment:

A total of 80 surface discontinuities were picked up at the fulcrum. Filling with material discontinuities of

clay, sand and clay, sand, khaki color. The left abutment joint total of 3 categories specified. The slope of 55 to

89 degrees and the system is 85 to 130 degrees. Charts and graphs pole equivalence curve rose joints in Figures

6 and 7 is shown. Joint repetition intervals of approximately 3 mm (Torkizadeh and Rahnamarad,2015).

Fig. 6: The curve diagram on the left abutment joint pole equivalence.

Fig. 7: The rose joints on the left abutment.

Reservoir modeling SEEP software:

To model the upstream impervious cover, the elements needed for the layer thickness and permeability was

low. It is clear that the estimation of the permeability of the layer due to the materials used in the coating is

available.

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Fig. 5: The block model used in simulations.

To extract the parameters needed in the analysis of leakage from the injection borehole drilling and

permeability coefficients of interest is selected. The first area is the area of the clay core dam permeability in

both vertical and horizontal directions to 10 e-6 centimeters per second is considered. The value of the

permeability of the core density of the drilling are expected and the results have been confirmed.

Fig. 6: displays the pressure level of 122 lines without curtains injection (right) and injected (left).

Fig. 7: Diagram of speed in level 122 without curtains injection (right) and injected (left).

Seepage control options:

Prior to detail the various methods used to reduce the leakage dams are discussed. Here are 4 options as

options that can be used separately or in combination expressed as follows: Curtain injection upstream

impervious coverage (clay coating or membrane-impermeable), waterproof concrete walls and wells, drains,

walls or blankets .

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Fig. 8: displays speed lines in length, 50 meters above the impermeable cover.

Composition control or reduce leakage:

In this model, impermeable walls upstream dam construction and the impermeable membrane is connected.

This project is technically feasible and concrete cutoff wall binding to membrane-impermeable high accuracy is

required. The technical information obtained from the membrane covering the GSE and conditions necessary for

the substrate resistance Rip Rupp and sealing dam.

Fig. 9: The model proposed method for dam leakage control using a combination of impermeable membrane

and waterproof lining.

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Fig. 10: Displays the combined speed lines impermeable membrane and waterproof wall (right) and the use of

impermeable covers over 50 meters upstream (left).

Conclusion:

They are in hiding, the space created by the impact of volatile water. On the right abutment, due to weak

layers of shale and marl, sandstone layers in the form of vertical and imprisonment by faults, folds can be large,

which can prevent water from escaping.

Use a soil separator wall, because of fractured and worn, and there are holes in the bedrock, can not fit in

the long term; it is a high safety factor, the possibility of soil erosion and scouring wall there.

According to the study, the dam seepage control Sarney, combining the sealing element includes a

membrane-impermeable wall and waterproof, the best option is for the following reasons.

Reduce the size of the trace and minor seepage and percolation area Zyrpy acceptable as the dam is reduced

to 25/0 liters per second.

The decreases of the number of focus areas quickly and rapidly form a focused area farther than clay core

which is higher confidence in the clay core and bed scour the contact area.

Highly fractured and weathered to prevent water penetration and confidence. Even if the wall so there is

serious concern for the escape of water and aqueducts were not scoring.

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