Section 1 1. Forms of Comparison; Rules of Comparison . . . . . . . . . 1 2. Adjective Phrases; Diagramming Adjective Phrases . . . 6 3. Thesaurus; Connotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4. Diagramming Imperative Sentences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5. Quiz 1 and Extra Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Section 2 6. Direct Objects; Diagramming Direct Objects . . . . . . . . 22 7. Homonyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 8. Clauses and Compound Sentences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 9. Clustering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 10. Quiz 2 and Extra Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Section 3 11. Paragraph Form and Unity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 12. Preposition or Adverb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 13. Be Concise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 14. Self Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 15. Creative Writing, Day 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 16. Creative Writing, Day 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 17. LightUnit Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Cursive Alphabet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Spelling Word Bookmarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

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Thesaurus; Connotation3

A Circle each synonym of each underlined word. There may be more than one synonym.

1. Toward evening, thunderstorms began to develop.

dissolve appear disappear

2. Tony found an unusual arrowhead in the field.

ordinary normal rare

3. Our sheep all survived the harsh winter.

mild severe brutal

4. Mr. Stewart is an excellent carpenter.

fine terrible expert

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antonyms (an′ tә nimz′): words that have opposite meanings

synonyms (si′ nә nimz′): words that have the same or similar meanings

thesaurus (thi sȯr′ әs): a reference book that gives synonyms and sometimes antonyms

You may already be familiar with the dictionary, the encyclopedia, and the atlas . Here is a new reference book to add to the list: the thesaurus.

In some ways, the thesaurus is like a dictionary . It has guide words at the top of each page . It has entry words in alphabetical order . But a thesaurus does not usually have pronunciations or definitions for its entry words . Instead, it has synonyms, words that have similar meanings. Many thesauruses also give antonyms, or opposites, of the entry words . A thesaurus entry may look something like this .

current (adjective)syn present, up-to-date, modernant antiqueSee TIME.

Thesaurus

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Lesson 3

12

connotation (kä′ nә tā′ shәn): the idea a word gives beyond its exact meaning

Some words have many synonyms . Although words may have similar meanings, they may not describe exactly what you are talking about; words also have an extra meaning, called connotation, beyond their definitions .

Connotation makes some synonyms fit in certain situations that others do not . For example, aroma, odor, and scent are synonyms for smell, but they each have a special meaning . Aroma makes you think of delicious food smells, like the aroma of freshly baked bread . Odor makes you think of bad smells, like the odor of sweaty socks . Scent makes you think of specific smells, like the scent of a rose or the scent of a fox .

Word connotation helps us communicate exactly what we want to say with fewer words . Look at these examples .

The wonderful smell of fresh bread filled the house.The aroma of fresh bread filled the house. (good connotation)The odor of fresh bread filled the house. (poor connotation)

Connotation

B Circle the best synonym of each underlined word. Think about good connotation.

5. Carl was very wet by the time he got to the house. flooded, soaked

6. Policemen stopped traffic until the wreck was cleared. blocked,  postponed

7. The softball game was stopped until Saturday. blocked, postponed

8. Many glaciers begin near the very top of Mount Rainier. summit, head

9. The boys play soccer in the completely empty lot. vacant, blank

10. Evelyn began drawing on a completely empty sheet of paper. vacant,  blank

11. Two explorers moved slowly through the tight cave. strolled, crawled

12. Darren helped with cleanup after the tornado struck. supported,  assisted

13. A white horse moved very quickly past our house. galloped,  scampered

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Lesson 3

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ooking BackC Recite the ten prepositions you learned in Lesson 2.

D Put parentheses around each adjective phrase. Underline the object of each preposition. Draw an arrow from each phrase to  the word  it modifies.

14. The ladies on the relief committee will meet tomorrow.

15. The Kelly family from Wyoming raises cattle.

16. Jacob gave Joseph a coat of many colors.

17. The fireplace in the house is cold.

E Put parentheses around each adjective phrase. Draw an arrow from each phrase to the word  it modifies. Then diagram each sentence.

18. The student in the blue shirt is working diligently.

19. The tree behind the barn fell.

F Label each sentence dec  for declarative, imp  for  imperative, exc  for exclamatory, or int for interrogative sentences. Add the correct ending punctuation.

20. A coyote is eating our lamb

21. What are those clouds called

22. Those are cirrus clouds

23. Stay away from the construction site

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Lesson 3

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G Write the correct word. Circle the form of comparison used.

24. (hot) The Sahara is the desert on earth.

positive comparative superlative

25. (crooked) The road is tremendously .

positive comparative superlative

26. (urgent) Studying for the test was than playing ball.

positive comparative superlative

27. (short) The Tamborasi River is the world’s river.

positive comparative superlative

28. (hard) Oak wood is than balsa.

positive comparative superlative

29. (small) Mount Wycheproof is the registered mountain in the world.

positive comparative superlative

H Write an adjective to describe each noun.

30. cow

31. monkey

32. tractor

33. truck

I Correct this run-on sentence.

34. Hudson Taylor decided to dress like the Chinese this helped them accept his message.

J Write the correct word in each blank to complete the sentence.

35. The form of comparison actually makes no comparison, the

form compares things, and the

superlative form compares or more things.

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Lesson 3

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K Write S for sentence or F for fragment.

36. Was a pioneer.

37. Christopher painted the motto.

38. He moved away.

39. Invented the chalkboard.

L Underline each verb twice. Circle each adverb. Draw an arrow from each adverb to the verb  it modifies.

40. One boy recited his lesson perfectly.

41. Mr. Dock cheerfully presented the boy with a poster.

42. We will have final exams later.

43. Take the trash out.

M Add commas where necessary.

44. On June 21 2015 Monterey Virginia had the longest day of that year.

45. Sliced bread was first sold on July 7 1928.

46. Merle and Liz Chupp changed their address to 52 Laurel Creek Road Linville VA 24479.

47. The address for George Washington’s birthplace is 1732 Popes Creek Road Colonial Beach VA 22443.

PenmanshipN   Write each cursive  letter five  times  in your notebook. Notice how these  letters have 

similar strokes.

a d g o p q

O Write these facts in your notebook.

W is the only letter in the alphabet with more than one syllable—it has three.

Deeded is spelled using only two letters three times each.

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Lesson 3

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P Write the answer.

48. What part of speech are all the Section 1 spelling words?

Q Fill in the blanks with spelling words.

49. “Mr. Kohl said to the flash cards before doing them again,” said Ron.

50. Trudy held on to Brittany’s hand so she wouldn’t away.

51. The foreigner needed someone to the message for him.

52. “Make sure to get a good on the rope,” yelled Brandon.

53. Your back teeth food into tiny pieces.

R Underline and copy the spelling words in each sentence.

54. Jane grimaced when she heard the shovel scrape the sidewalk.

55. Mrs. Banks let us look at her doll collection but asked us not

to disturb anything.

56. I should renew my subscription to the nature magazine.

57. Father leaned back in his chair to ponder the verses he had read in the Bible.

58. Look both ways before you proceed across the street.

59. Why worry when you can trust God?

60. Mother will often kneel to weed the garden.

61. Sarah wanted to decorate a cake for her mother’s birthday.

S Write Section 1 spelling words in your notebook.

Spelling — Word Usage

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