s.cristiani, ecf uc, mar 2001 1. 2 ngst esa studies stefano cristiani st-ecf
TRANSCRIPT
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1S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
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2S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
NGSTESA Studies
Stefano CristianiST-ECF
http://www.stecf.org/ngst
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3S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
The ESA NGST story so far1996: ESA invited to participate in NGST studies
ESA NGST Task Group Report solicited
1997: Study Manager and Scientist appointed
1998: 2nd NGST Conference held in LiegeESA Industrial Studies initiatedESA Study Science Team formedESA members join Ad Hoc Science Working Group (ASWG)ESA/NASA HST/NGST Partnership Concept signed
1999: Design Reference Mission completed and rankedESA Industrial Studies completed3rd NGST Conference held in HyannisASWG completes instrument concept prioritization
2000: ESA F2/F3 Proposal submitted NASA/ESA instrument allocation negotiations completedESA Industrial Delta Studies InitiatedNGST participation selected as F2/F3 Mission
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4S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
ESA pre-Phase A studies (1998-99)Telescope & Payload Suite
Contractors: Dornier Satellitensysteme, Alcatel Space, LAS (Marseilles) & UK Astronomy Technology Centre (Edinburgh)Science Leads: Olivier Le Fevre (LAS), Gillian Wright (UK-ATC)
Multi-Object/Integral Field SpectrographContractors: Laboratoire d’Astronomie Spatiale (Marseille) & Dornier Satellitensysteme w. Durham, ESO, Cambridge, MPE & LeidenScience Lead: Olivier Le Fevre (LAS)
Visible Wavelength Camera/SpectrographContractors: Matra-Marconi Space w. Dornier Satellitensysteme, Leicester, MSSL, LAS, UCL & Obs. Paris Science Lead: Martin Ward (Leicester)
On-Board Data ManagementContractors: Laben w. Dornier Satellitensysteme, Istituto di Fisica Cosmica (Milan), Arcetri, LAS, Leicester & Univ. College DublinScience Lead: Patrizia Caraveo (IFC)
Other Spacecraft Subsystems (In-house)
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5S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
ESA pre-Phase A studies
• ESA Instrument Concepts Studied:•Visible Wide Field Camera
•Visible High Resolution Camera
•Visible Integral Field Spectrograph
•Near-IR Wide Field Camera
•Near-IR Integral Field Spectrograph
•Near-IR Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrograph
•Mid-IR Camera
•Mid-IR Integral Field Spectrograph•Write-ups Available at: http://astro.estec.esa.nl/NGST/woodshole.html
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6S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
Integrated Science Instrument Module
ISIM
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7S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
Integrated science instrument module
• Integrated module with shared components
• Severe constraints on:• Total mass• Volume • Power dissipation
• Only room for 3-4 instruments
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8S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
• Ad Hoc Science Working Group recommendation based on DRM and NASA, ESA & CSA studies
• Recommendation spans three core instruments:
• Near-IR Wide Field Camera
• Near-IR Multi-Object Spectrograph
• Mid-IR Camera/Spectrograph
• Options for additional instrument/enhancements
Instrument complement
Available at http://www.ngst.nasa.gov/public/configured/doc_0549/rev_02/PSreportfinal.pdf
??
??
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9S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
Additional instrument/enhancements
• Near-infrared R=3000-5000 integral field spectrometer (IFS)
• High spatial resolution 0.6-1µm camera
• Mid-infrared R=3000-5000 IFS
Would significantly enhance NGST capabilities
Three options:
??
Embraced by
Embraced by
MIRPGMIRPG
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10S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
Near-infrared camera
• Characteristics• 0.6-5 µm coverage (InSb/HgCdTe)• 4 x 4 arcmin FOV• Nyquist-sampled at 2µm• 0.03 arcsec/pixel• 8192 x 8192 pixel mosaic• R~100 slit/grism mode?• Double as Fine Guider?
ESA NIR camera study concept (Dornier/LAS)
3 x 33 x 3
CONTROVERSIAL
CONTROVERSIAL
CONTROVERSIAL
CONTROVERSIAL
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11S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
Near-infrared multiobject spectrometer
• Characteristics• 3 x 3 arcmin FOV• 1-5 µm coverage• R~1000• >100 simultaneous
sources• Micromirror/shutter
array technology• Configurable slit
width/length• R~100 mode?
ESA IFMOS study concept (LAS/Dornier)
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12S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
Science with the NGST spectrograph
•The Design Reference Mission (DRM) has identified the major
science goals of NGST.
•Spectroscopy in the range 1-5m is required for:
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13S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
Surface Density-Resolution
• Surface density vs.
apparent flux for various
samples of high redshift
objects with NGST-MOS
limiting fluxes for various
resolutions
• Surf. density of interesting
objects is fairly low.
• Resolution of interest
~1000
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14S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
Origin of galaxies: typical scales
• At high-z, the lumps that
eventually merge to form
typical galaxies are expected
to be spread over several
arcmin.
• Protomembers of a small
group of galaxies, viewed at
z~3.
• White box = 3.4’x3.4’
[-CDM model of Kauffmann et al. 1999]
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15S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
Flexibility: contiguous 2d Mapping
• Integration on the very faint
targets will be long
• During such integrations slits
can be used to scan the brighter,
more extended targets for which
a 2D map is meaningful and
does not require the full
integration at each location
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16S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
Ongoing Near-IR spectrograph studiesMEMS-based Near-IR Multi-Object Dispersive Spectrograph I (175 kK)
Contractors: Astrium & Laboratoire d’Astronomie Spatiale (Marseille)
w. Durham, ESO, Cambridge, MPE & LeidenScience Lead: Olivier Le Fevre (LAS)
MEMS-based Near-IR Multi-Object Dispersive Spectrograph II (175 kK)Contractors: Alcatel & Laboratoire d’Astronomie Spatiale (Marseille)
Science Lead: Denis Burgarella (LAS)
Alternatives to MEMS for slitmasks for a Near-IR Multi-Object Spectrograph (100 kK)ITT Issued: December 2000
Closing Date: February 23
Update to Integral Field Spectrograph (75 kK)Contractors: Laboratoire d’Astronomie Spatiale (Marseille) & Astrium w. Durham, ESO, Cambridge,
MPE & Leiden
Science Lead: Olivier Le Fevre (LAS)
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17S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
Micro-mirror spectrograph: optical scheme
yardstick concept “classical” solution
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18S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
Micro-mirror spectrograph: principle
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19S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
Prototype MEMS devices
Micro-shutters
Micro-mirrors
90m
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20S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
MEMS issues
• Technical readiness (Al and PolySilicon µ-
mirrors, µ-shutters)
• contrast (scattered light, diffraction effects)
• filling factor (gaps, holes)
• pitch, roughness, throughput, lifetime...
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21S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
Near-infrared multiobject spectrometer
• Instrument to be provided by ESA with ESA funds:
• Definition, procurement and commissioning ESA’s responsibility
(like FOC on HST)
• Hardware to be procured through European industry/institutes via
open competitive tender
• Scientific oversight to be provided by competitively selected Instrument Science Team
• Two key US components:• Detector array• MEMS slit selector device• Procurement details to be decided
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22S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
Mid-infrared camera/spectrometer
ESA MIR instrument concepts (Dornier/UK ATC/CEA-Sap/LAS)
Camera Spectrometer
Mid-IR Planning Group Report (Nov 2000):
Available at: http://astro.estec.esa.nl/NGST/mirppg_rep.pdf
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23S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
Mid-infrared camera/spectrometer
• Instrument concept:
• Dual Camera/Spectrograph
• 5 - 28 µm coverage with separate channels for short and long
wavelengths
• 2 arcmin FOV for imaging
• Cross-dispersed R>1500 integral field spectroscopy (2-3” FOV)
• R = 100 spectroscopy in short wavelength module
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24S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
Mid-infrared camera/spectrometer• Mid-IR Planning Group Report:
• Instrument procurement shared between ESA, NASA with CSA as minor partner
• US to provide:• Focal Plane Arrays and associated electronics, software for their
control, cryocooler, project office
• Europe to provide:• Space qualified, fully tested optical system, including all optics and
their mechanisms plus associated electronics and software
• Shared AI&T, calibration and commissioning roles TBD by MISC
• Joint Instrument Science Team led by two Co-Pis
• Shared Guaranteed Time Programme (~1000 hrs)
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26S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
NASA/ESA/CSAMid-IR Instrument
Partnership Planning Group
NASA/ESA/CSA Mid-IR InstrumentSteering Committee (MISC)
Initial design/oversight/co-ordination
Confirmation Process
European Optics Module Development
Science Institutes + Industr.
ESA-Sponsored (200 kEuro)Optics Module Definition Study
Science Institutes + Industr.
High-levelInstrument Concept
Detailed Instrument Concept Specifications,Costs, Definition of Responsibilities
Phase A level Optics Module Design + Costing
Technical/ManagementProposals & FinancialCommitments
05/00 11/00
01/01
08/01 04/02
02/02 07/02
07/02 01/06
ITT Process
04/01
Solicitation of Application for Membership of MISCand Expression of Interest
in Mid-IR Instrument
04/0212/00 05/01
Mid-IR Instrument:Foreseen European Procurement
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27S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001
Activity2000 2001 2002
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
NIR SpectrographMOS/MEMS Study (Astrium)MOS/MEMS Study (Alcatel)Alternative Slit Masks for MOS Update of IFS (Astrium)Definition Phase (2 contracts)
MIR Camera/SpectrographSolicitation of Letters of InterestMid IR Instr. Steering Committee Optics Module Study (ESA-lead)ESA Confirmation ProcessCryostat Study
Non-Instrument ContributionsMirror Polishing Study (REOSC)Service Module Study ??
TechnologyCharacterization of CSiC at cryo Joining of CSiC elements Mirror materials CSiC Test Bench at cryoImage Slicer
Phase B Activity Start
ESA study schedule
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28S.Cristiani, ECF UC, Mar 2001