science form 5 chapter 5 motion

8/12/2019 Science Form 5 Chapter 5 Motion

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Ticker tape

1/ ? Hertz = time (s)

Frequency = 50 Hz

Time for 1 tick =1/50 = 0.02 s

Increasing velocity

Total velocity = 20cm/ 0.06s

= 333.33 cm/s

Decreasing velocity

Total velocity= 50 cm / 0.06

= 833.33 cm/s

20 cm

50 cm

Uniform velocity / zero acceleration

Total velocity= 30 / 0.06 = 500 cm/s

30 cm

Uniform = constant = no changes

Zero velocity = not moving


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a) i) trolley moves with uniform/ constant velocity

ii) Velocity = 5cm/ 0.1 s = 50cm/s

b) i) 5cm ii) 10cmc) Ticks will become closer to one another

2)


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Time = 10 s

Distance, m 3 + 4 = 7m

Speed 7/ 10 = 0.7m/sDisplacement,m 5m

Velocity 5/10= 0.5 m/s

A

B

3m

4m

5m

Scalar, no direction

Vector, direction


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2m/s 5m/s8m/s

1s 1s

5) Acceleration = 5-2 / 1s = 3m/s2 Acceleration = 8-5/ 1 = 3m/s2

6) Time = 1/ 50 = 0.02 s

How many ticks? 5 ticks x 0.02 = 0.1 s

Velocity = 2.5 m / 0.1 s = 25 m/s (A)

7 ) speed = 1500 m / 300 s = 5m/s (B)

8) C

9) Speed = 4m / 2s = 2 m/s (C)

10) 200m/ 10 s = 20 m/s (C)

11)320 / 40 = 8 m/s (D)

12) Acceleration = 300 / 12 = 30 /12 = 2.5 m/s 2 (B)


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Inertia: remain initial position, resistance of change

When a car/ bus:

At first Then The

passengers

Because

Notmoving,

stationary

Movesforward

Throw /jerk

backwards

Remain atinitial

position

Movingforward

Suddenlybrake

Thrownforwards

Remainmoving

forward


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initial

Suddenly movesforward

Body wants to maintain initial position

So, body will feel thrown backwards


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initial

Suddenly brakes

Body wants to maintain initial position

So, body will feel thrown forward, as if car still

moving forward

stop


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Momentum = mass x velocity

kgms-1 = kg x ms-1Factors affecting momentum is:

a) Mass b) velocity

Momentum = force x time

Ns = N X s

100 Ns = 25 N X 4s100 Ns = 50 N x 2s

So, when time decreases, force increases.


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Pressure = Force (N)

(Pa or Nm-2) Area (m2)

20 Pa = 100 N

5m2

Area , m2 Force , N Pressure ,Pa

Conclusion

10 100 N 100/10

= 10 Pa

Area increases,

pressure decrease

2.5 100 N 100/2.5

= 40 Pa

Area decreases,

pressure increase


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If same shape, same area

Tied higher, higher force, higher pressure

a) When block is hung at higher location, it hashigher force and produce higher pressure

b) i) Height of wooden block, Force

ii) Depth of dent, pressure

c) 1.0 cm B= 0.4 cm

d) More than 1.0 cm, because smaller surface area

creates more pressure


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Hydraulic system example:

1) Excavator

2) Hydraulic jack / mechanic/ garage lift

3) Hydraulic brake

4) Roller coaster

5) Dental chair

Fill with fluid ex: oil not water because:

1) Decrease friction2) Prevent rust

3) Can distribute pressure evenly (Pascals Principle)

4) Do not create bubbles


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A B

Force , N SurfaceArea, m2

A ? = 20 N 0.2 ? /0.2 = 100,

? = 20 NB 1000 10 1000/10 = 100


(Pa or Nm-2 Area (m2)

Pressure at A = Pressure at B


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A B

Force , N SurfaceArea, m2

A ? = 20 N 0.2 ? /0.2 = 100,

? = 20 NB 1000 10 1000/10 = 100


(Pa or Nm-2 Area (m2)

Pressure at A = Pressure at B


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10 / 0.02 = y / 4

F/ 0.02 = 10000/10


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Lift = upthrust = upwards

Aeroplane is supported by upthrust force

Bernoullis PrincipleEx:

1) Aeroplane

2) Filter pump3) Bunsen burner

4) Insecticide spray


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Wind low velocity

High pressure

Wind high velocity

Low pressure

Gas, high velocity, low pressure

In comparison,

outside

atmospheric pressure

higher,

Pushes air/ oxygen in


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VELOCITY INCREASES , PRESSURE DECREASES

If channel thinner,

velocity higher, Pressure even lower

Bernoullis Principle

Water flow


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3) a) Pressure exerted/pushedby liquid does not

depend on the shape of container

b) ii) velocityof water increasesalong the tube. So,

the pressuredecreasesgradually.

c) i) The pressure of water decreases when velocity

increases.

ii) Bernoullis Principle

I


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In water,

We floats due to upthrust / water buoyancy/

buoyant force (not because of density)

Upthrust = Difference reading of spring balance

(outside waterin water)

= apparent loss of weight, force, N1 KG = 10 N

Archimedes Principle

Ex: stepping into a basin full of water

Water will overflows Submarine can:

Position Ballast tank

Rises to top Release sea water

Sink to bottom Sea water flows in


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F= 0.54 N

a) Weight = force = 0.54 N

b) i) 0.54-0.34 = 0.20 Nii) Buoyancy = weight of displaced water = 0.20 N

iii) The apparent loss of weight is buoyancy of

water and equal to weight of fluid displacedc) i) 1 kg = 10 N,

Density of oil and water?

Oil less dense, less than 0.20 Nii) ArchimedessPrinciple


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Pcompression stroke

Q- power stroke

b) i) mixture of petrol and air is sucked inii) Spark park ignites the petrol and air

c) Q- power stroke

d) Uses internal combustion engine,

involve 4 movements of piston


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ii) velocity of trolley

b) i) Trolley X will produce deeper dent than Y.

ii) Object will bigger mass produces largermomentum

c) The bigger the mass, the larger the momentum

a) i) X= thrust

Ylift, upthrust

ii) High speed of gases produced creates a

momentum backwards and pushes the jet forward

iii) Y- buoyancy, Bernoullis Principle

b) Weight = Lift

Drag = Thrust

8)


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8)

a) Liquid hydrogen

b) For combustion of fuel

c) Combustion of hydrogen and oxygen

d) i) Principle of Conservation of Momentum

ii) Rocket expels/release hot gases backwards

creates creates a momentum downwards andpushes the rocket upwards


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More and new variety in:


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Crops/ plants fruits animal rubber Genetically Modified

Food (GMF)

- resist disease

- Need less

water

- looks better

(flowers)

- higher quality

- Sweeter

- Higher

yield

(hasil)

- Mature earlier

- More

milk/flesh/

eggs

- Faster to

produce

latex

- Higher yield

- Bigger/taller

- Higher yield

- Resist disease/ pest

(so can use less

insecticide)

More and new variety in:

Selective breeding: Example: Oil palm

Dura x Pisifera = Tenera ( more oil)

To maintain fertility of land:

1) Add fertiliser / baja

2) Mixed cultivation / penanaman

(different plants take up different

nutrients from soil)3) Planting cover crops (ex: grass, to

prevent erosion, nutrient runoff when

rain)

To increase food production:

1) New machinery / equipment to harvestand transplant seedlingspaddy field

2) Educating farmers (new variety and tech)

3) Free land for development (FELDA)

4) Give free sample of new variety (resist

disease)


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Pg 27

3. The aims.

a) To eliminate.

slow down bacteriaimprove appearance

to maintain quality

Pasteurisation

Dehydrationbacteria die/inactive, ex: milk powder

Pg 28: freezing: for imported meat (thawed)

Coolingfor imported vege, fruits,

chicken (from market)

Freeze drying: sublime, (sublimationremove water)

Irradiation: lower nutrition

Pg 29 fUNCTION example Sample food


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Pg 29 fUNCTION

S

example Sample food

favourings taste MSG ,

ester (fruity)

COLA, Ribena

colourings cake

preservatives Benzoic acidprevent

bacteria growthBoric acidcause

cancer

COLA, Ribena

sweeteners Caramel

antioxidant Prevent oil

from

rancid

BHA, ascorbic acid

emulsifier Appearanc


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2. manipulation, modify traits, corn, potatoes, soya

beans

- Improve quality

3. Consecutive , different crops, soil fertility (subur),

nitroge. Pest control

4. Two farming activities, livestock (animal), vege.

5. Cerun - highlands, soil erosion, landflash.

6. Shifting cultivationhilly and mountain area

(pertanian pindah)


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Pg 30

1. quality, quantity, new variety/machinery2. MARDI, MPOB

3. High quality, protection

Land schemes:RISDA (small farms)

FELDA

FELCRA

OIL PALMS


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, , , ,quality, protecting rights

b) Labelled

i) Nameii) Net weight

iii) Ingredients

iv) Expiry datev) Name, address, manufacturer

vi) Method storing

No price

2. Nutrition fact, calori, HALAL

3. CAP, educating

4. Responsible, dishonest traders, exploiting

Pg 66 SectionC


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Pg 66 SectionC

9) a)

b) Rice yield low, improve productioni) The soil of his land is not fertile, infested by pests

and crops affected by diseases.

ii) Questions:1) How can the farmer increase fertility of soil?

2) How can the farmer control pests and diseases?

iii) 1) Fertiliser added to the soil

Methods Explanation

cooling Food stored at low temperature to slow down activity of bacteriacanning Food is boiled to kill bacteria and then sealed.

freezing Food frozen below 0C to stop bacteria activity

dehydration Water is removed and food kept at air tight


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(i) emulsifier stabiliser

Mix 2 substances

for form emulsion

Differences Maintain consistency

and texture

Lecithin, gum example Agar, gelatin(ii) Flavouring sweetener

Enhance taste differences Make food sweeter

MSG, ester example Caramel, aspartame


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Page 64

5.

XPasteurisation

YCanningZdehydration

b) Heated 63C for 30 minutes

c) Can be kept for longer time/increase shelflife

d) Dried under sun


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200g

600g


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200g

600g

8

Reading of stopwatch diagram 4.2 is

higher than 4.1

Time taken for diagram 4.2

higher because bigger inertia

than diagram 4.1

Inertia/ Time for tin to stop

Inertia is the ability of tin to stop itself from swinging.

Pituitary

gland

Adrenal gland

Increase heartbeat and

respiration for emergency

situation

Thyroid gland

goiter

Meiosis

Fertilisation

Rr Rr rr rr

Meiosis

Fertilisation

Red roses

Rr

rr

1:1

2 8 = 10


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Products made of synthetic rubber

wetsuit

Soles of shoestyres

Same group

Same chemical properties

Different physical properties

Increasing proton number

= 3

11

2.7 = 92.8 = 10

11

T

T

P,S

Q/T

isoprene

Formic acid ,

ethanoic acid (vinegar)Solid-coagulate

X - ammonia

Vulcanised rubber (vulcanisation)

To form crosslinkages between

Rubber molecules

Hydrogen,

Pop, burning splinterP,S,Cal, MAZI,TLC

10) iv) Procedure:


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)

a) Different metal shows different

reactivity with acid

b) i) To investigate reactivity of

metal with acidii) Manipulated: Type of metal

Responding: Reactivity of metal

Constant: size/mass of metal

iii) apparatus: test tubeMaterial: magnesium powder, zinc

powder, hydrochloric acid

vi) Different metal shows different

reactivity with acid.More reactive metal will show more

reactivity with acid.

)

Hydrochloric acid

Magnesium powder

Zinc powder

A B

1. 10 cm 3 of hydrochloric acidis added into test tube A.

2. 10 g of magnesium powder

is added.

3. Test tube B is repeated with10g of zinc powder.

4. The reactivity between test

tube A and B is compared.

v) Type of metal Reactivity of metal

Magnesium

Zinc

11a) Human activities Effect


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)

b) Problem: Smoke from factories cause air

pollution

Clarification: Factories release smoke and

poisonous gas that affect the health andenvironment

Methods: 1) Build tall chimney

2. install filter at chimney

3. Enforce the law4. Organize clean environment campaign

1) Illegal logging Destruction of forest

Destroy habitat

2) Open burning Cause haze, air pollution

Cause respiratory problem

12)

Natural rubber Differences Synthetic rubber


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)

a)

b)

c) Commoncharacteristics:They are made of synthetic rubber which is heat resistant and less

elastic.

Two examples: Hose of bunsen burner, electrical insulator

Non-example: rubber bandActual concept: Synthetic rubber is rubber that resist heat, less

elastic and resist oxidation.

Low Heat resistant High

yes Easily oxidised no

more elastic less

higher Ability to absorbsound

lower

Natural rubber Synthetic rubber

Household glove, car tyres Hoses, laboratory gloves

Y ll b k 12


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Yellow book , page 12

Question 10)

a) Natural immunity is the ability to resist disease because body

produces antibody when affected once.Example: chicken pox, measles

The person will no longer be affected by the disease.

b)i) Identify: Cholera outbreak affects the health of villagers

ii) Cholera is a infectiousdisease caused by bacteria, spread

through contaminatedfood and water, causing vomitingand

stomachache.

iii) 1. Water is purified and boiled before drinking.

2. Patients are treated and non-patients are vaccinated.

3. Treat water supply with chlorine by government.4. Cleanliness is maintained by correctly disposing garbage and

prevent infestation of flies, rats and cockroaches.

science form 5 chapter 5 motion

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