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Vol. 6, No. 4; 2016 lmernauonal Journal of English Linguistics ijel.ccsenet.org

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Functional Lmguisuc • rudy Eva TudJ11a Sari Sujatna An [, aluaux e rud; of Mernonzauon a a traregy for Learn mg Fngh h Khalid Sobie Khamees

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Xiaoli Bao The Effect I\ ene of letacogruuv e Teaching traiegie to Enhance [lement~ hN~I Pupils' Reading lulls in the Northern Border, reas of audi Arabia Mogbel 4 id K -l lenizi & Mona a/eh -4 lanazt Proce e in Baha a Indonesia Toun m Promotion Tex and It Equiv alen e in Enghsh \ -, siernic .......

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International Journal of English Linguistics; Vol. 6, No. 4; 2016 ISSN 1923-869X E-ISSN 1923-8703

Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education

227

Processes in Bahasa Indonesia Tourism Promotion Texts and Its Equivalence in English: A Systemic Functional Linguistic Study

Eva Tuckyta Sari Sujatna1

1 Department of Linguistics, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia

Correspondence: Eva Tuckyta Sari Sujatna, Department of Linguistics, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. E-mail: eva.tuckyta@unpad.ac.id

Received: June 14, 2016 Accepted: July 8, 2016 Online Published: July 28, 2016

doi:10.5539/ijel.v6n4p227 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v6n4p227

Abstract

Many researchers do research on processes in English but it is still limited research on Bahasa Indonesia and its equivalence in English. It is necessary to do research processes in Bahasa Indonesia since it has two different types of clauses: verbal clauses and nonverbal clauses. This paper tries to figure out the processes on Bahasa Indonesia, especially on Bahasa Indonesia tourism promotion texts and its equivalence in English. The aims of the research are to describe the dominant of the processes found in the Bahasa Indonesia tourism promotion texts and to describe the verb used in each type of the processes and its equivalence in English. The research method employed in the research is descriptive method. The data collected are divided into major types of clauses: verbal clauses and nonverbal clauses. The data analyzed are the verbal clauses in Bahasa Indonesia since the verb as the main part of process then compared to its equivalence in English. The result of the research shows there are four types of processes found in both Bahasa Indonesia tourism promotion texts and its equivalence: material, relational, mental, and existential processes. The dominant process found is material processes 51.7%, followed by relational processes 21.9%, mental process 18.5%, and existential process7.9%. The participants involved are: agent and goal (material process), carrier and attribute (relational process), experiencer and phenomenon (mental process), and existent (existential process). The verbs used in material process in Bahasa Indonesia are tenggelam, berkunjung mencari, dipadu, akan menemani, menyajikan, menjanjikan memberikan, menyimpan, menyuguhkan, memanjakan, berlabuh, menutup, melancong, membentuk, memberi, dapat membeli, memecah, dapat memesan, menyediakan, terabaikan, dapat ditempuh, dikirimkan, dilakukan, digunakan while its equivalence in English are set, visit to look for, were combined, will accompany, serve, promise to give, put, serve, spoil, anchor, can close, visit, shape, give, can buy, break, can order, serve, was ignored, can be through, were sent, can be done, is used. The relational process in Bahasa Indonesia are adalah, berasal dari, memiliki, mempunyai, mengandung, bisa menjadi, tampak, menyerupai, merupakan, berada, terletak, berlokasi and its equivalence in English are is, comes from, have, contain, can become, seem, like, become, is, is located. The mental process in Bahasa Indonesia are dapat menikmati, terpukau, melihat, terdengar and its equivalence in English are can enjoy, will be mesmerized, can see, heard. The existential processes in Bahasa Indonesia are ada, terdapat, tersedia, and its equivalence in English is be.

Keywords: processes, material processes, mental processes, relational processes, existential processes, Bahasa Indonesia

1. Introduction

Bahasa Indonesia is one of the Austronesia languages. It is spoken by about 250 million Indonesia people since it is used as the official language in Indonesia.

Bahasa Indonesia is different from English. In English, every clause has a verb and it happens to other European languages. In Bahasa Indonesia, there are two types of clauses: verbal clauses and nonverbal clauses. Similar to English, the verbal clause has a predicate containing a verb while the nonverbal clause has a predicate containing a noun, an adjective, or an adverb.

According to Martin, Matthiessen, & Painter “Functional grammar is a way of looking at grammar in terms of how grammar is used” (1997). In line with Halliday (1985) in his well-known book “An Introduction to Functional Grammar” and Bloor & Bloor (2004) introduced the three types of clauses: clause as message, clause as exchange, and clause as representation. The clause as message is about theme and rheme, while the clause as