i

SCAFFOLDING TALKS

IN “THE GREAT DEBATERS” MOVIE

By:

YENY PARYATI

NIM. 201132038

DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY

2013

ii

SCAFFOLDING TALKS

IN “THE GREAT DEBATERS” MOVIE

SKRIPSI

Presented to Muria Kudus University

In Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for Completing The Sarjana Program

In English Education

By:

YENY PARYATI

NIM. 201132038

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY

2013

iii

iv

MOTTO AND DEDICATION

It’s impossible to achieve the greatest without a great enthusiasm

A champion is one who gets up even when they can’t

I dedicate this skripsi to :

My beloved Husband (Tommy Budi Hartono)

My dearest Father and Mother

My dearest Father and Mother in law

My sweetest lovely angel (Juanaya Hayu Rembonette)

My lovely brothers and sisters

My lovely friends at IPIEMS

All English Students of EED UMK

v

ADVISORS’ APPROVAL

This is to certify that the Sarjana Skripsi of Yeny Paryati (NIM. 201132038) has

been approved by the thesis advisors for further approval by the Examining

Committee.

Kudus, 15 March 2013

Advisor I

Drs. Muh. Syafei, M.Pd NIP. 19620413-198803-1-002

Advisor II

Atik Rokhayani, S. Pd., M.Pd NIS. 0610701000001207

Acknowledged by

The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education

Dean,

Drs. Susilo Rahardjo, M.Pd.

NIP. 19560619 198503 1 002

vi

EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL

This is to certify that the Sarjana skripsi of Yeny Paryati (NIM. 201132038) has

been approved by the Examining Committee as a requirement of the Sarjana

Degree in the Teaching of English as a Foreign Language.

Kudus,

Skripsi Examining Committee

Drs. Muh. Syafei, M.Pd Chairman

NIP. 19620413 198803 1 002

Atik Rokhayani, S. Pd., M.Pd Member

NIS. 0610701000001207

Fitri Budi Suryani, S.Pd, M.Pd Member

NIS. 0610701000001155

Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd Member

NIP. 19621219 198703 1 001

Acknowledged by

The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education

Dean,

Drs. SusiloRahardjo, M. Pd

NIP. 19560619 198503 1 002

vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Allah SWT,

God the Almighty for the blessing given to me in completing my final project.

Then, I would also like to express my biggest appreciation to all of my

lecturers in the English department, especially to my supervised lecturers, Drs.

Muh. Syafei, M.Pd as my first advisor and AtikRokhayani, SPd, MPd as my

second advisor for giving their continuous guidance as well as advice and

valuable suggestions in finishing this final project.

My deepest gratitude also goes to my beloved husband (Tommy Budi

Hartono) for all the warmest love and support, My dearest Father (Suparyo, Alm.)

for once pray in his deepest cry that someday his daughter would be able to reach

this level, my parents, my parents in law, all family and friends, especially to

Febifor being the best friend ever and the IPIEMS Crew: Maghfiroh, Yuni, Lisa,

Ririn, Nining, Nurul, Yesi and Alex for untiring affection, supports, and

continuous prayers.

I realize that this final project has a lot of shortcomings. Therefore,

suggestion and criticism are always needed for betterment.

At last, I hope this final project will be very useful for all readers

especially for the English teachers and the students of English Department and

also the next researchers who want to apply the result of my research.

Kudus, 7 March 2013

YenyParyati

viii

ABSTRACT

Paryati, Yeny. 2013. Scaffolding Talk in The Great Debaters Movie. Skripsi.

Department of English Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and

Education, Muria Kudus University.Advisors: Drs. Muh. Syafei, M.Pd

(i), Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M.Pd (ii)

Keywords: Scaffolding Talks, Debate, Movie.

English has become the language of international communication in

theworld since long ago. In its development, especially in the era of globalization,

English became the official language used in various areas of life. That is why

English education is considered necessary and it also determine the quality of

human resources. Scaffolding Talks has then become important case to discuss as

it represent one of strategies in introducing and teaching English. Analyzing the

use of Scaffolding Talks is looking closely and deeply to the utilization of Types

of Scaffolding Talks and their function such as offering explanation, motivating

and stimulating students’ interest, making link, providing model, inviting

students’ participation, stimulating students’ thinking process, verifying and

clarifying the students’ responses.

This study is aimed at what and how the Scaffolding Talks are used to

train a group of students who join in a debate team by the figure of teacher in The

Great Debaters movie. In this case, to make it clearer and inspiring, I employed

also the types and the function of scaffolding talks which I found in the script of

The Great Debaters movie.

This is a qualitative descriptive study. The data were collected by

watching and reading the script of The Great Debaters movie directed by Denzel

Washington. Then, they were identified, classified and analyzed based on Hughes

particularly exemplified.

The result of this analysis shows that there are 101 talks that can be called

as Scaffolding Talks; 21 with giving instruction type, 11 with sequencing type, 14

with reference type, 21 with asking question type, 7 with supervision type, 4 with

metalanguage type, 16 with affective type, and 8 with replying question type.

Every talks that can be categorized as scaffolding talk in this study is used by the

figure of teacher to provide certain kinds of support which his students receive in

their classroom interaction as they move towards new skills, concepts and levels

of understanding about a real debating.

Due to the fact that debating requires a high proficiency level of English as

the debaters must be able to talk or deliver speech fluently and correctly either in

its content or its technique and they also have to speed up their critical thinking to

solve the motion. Teaching Debate then becomes a challenge for some teachers to

make their students able to speak fluently with good speed of course. A good film

like this one will inspire a lot of teachers especially teachers and prospective

teachers of English. An Innovative teacher should be able to reap its meaning and

try to implement in the classroom with full responsibility.

ix

ABSTRAKSI

Paryati, Yeny. 2013. Scaffolding Talk in The Great Debaters Movie. Skripsi.

Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu

Pendidikan. Universitas Muria Kudus. Dosen Pembimbing: (i). Drs.

Muh. Syafei, M.Pd. (ii) Atik Rokhayani, S.Pd, M. Pd.

Kata kunci: Scaffolding Talk, Tipe, Fungsi, Debat, Film.

Bahasa Inggris telah menjadi bahasa komunikasi internasional di dunia

sejak lama. Dalam perkembangannya, khususnya dalam era globalisasi, bahasa

Inggris menjadi bahasa resmi yang digunakan dalam berbagai bidang kehidupan.

Itulah mengapa pendidikan bahasa Inggris dianggap perlu dan juga menentukan

kualitas sumber daya manusia. Scaffolding Talk kemudian menjadi hal penting

untuk dibahas karena merupakan salah satu strategi dalam memperkenalkan dan

mengajar bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apa dan

bagaimana Scaffolding Talk digunakan untuk melatih sekelompok mahasiswa

yang bergabung dalam tim debat di film The Great Debaters. Dalam hal ini,

penulis menganalisa jenis dan fungsi Scaffolding Talk yang ditemukan dalam

naskah film The Great Debaters arahan sutradara Denzel Washington.

Ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan

mengamati dan membaca naskah film The Great Debaters yang disutradarai oleh

Denzel Washington. Kemudian, data tersebut diidentifikasi, diklasifikasikan dan

dianalisis berdasarkan Klasifikasi yang dikemukakan oleh Hughes (1990).

Hasil analisis dalam studi ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 101 pembicaraan yang

bisa disebut sebagai Scaffolding Talk, 21 dengan jenis memberikan instruksi, 11

dengan jenis urutan kegiatan, 14 dengan tipe referensi, 21 dengan jenis pertanyaan

dan bertanya, 7 dengan tipe supervisi, 4 dengan jenis metabahasa , 16 dengan tipe

afektif, dan 8 dengan jenis menjawab pertanyaan. Setiap pembicaraan yang dapat

dikategorikan sebagai scaffolding talk dalam penelitian ini digunakan oleh sosok

guru untuk memberikan dukungan dalam bentuk tertentu yang diterima murid-

muridnya dalam interaksi mereka dikelas ketika mereka bergerak menuju

keterampilan baru, konsep dan tingkat pemahaman tentang debat dalam kondisi

nyata.

Debat memerlukan tingkat kemahiran yang tinggi dalam bahasa Inggris,

baik dalam isi atau teknik dan mereka juga harus mempercepat daya pikir kritis

mereka untuk memecahkan permasalahan. Sebuah film yang bagus seperti film ini

akan menginspirasi banyak guru khususnya guru dan calon guru bahasa Inggris.

Seorang guru yang inovatif harus mampu mencoba untuk menerapkannya dikelas

dengan penuh rasa tanggung jawab.

x

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

COVER ........................................................................................................... i

LOGO .............................................................................................................. ii

TITLE ............................................................................................................. iii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ...................................................................... iv

ADVISOR’S APPROVAL ............................................................................ v

EXAMINER’S APPROVAL ......................................................................... vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................. vii

ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................... x

LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... xii

LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................... xiii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Research ...................................................................... 1

1.2 Statement of the Problem ........................................................................... 6

1.3 Objective of the Research .......................................................................... 6

1.4 Significance of the Research ...................................................................... 6

1.5 Limitation of the Research ......................................................................... 7

1.6 Operational Definition ............................................................................... 7

CHAPTER IIREVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Study of Research variables ....................................................................... 8

2.1.1 Definition of Scaffolding talk ................................................................. 8

2.1.2 Types, Functions and Examples of Scaffolding Talk in teaching

Debate .................................................................................................... 10

2.1.3 Definition of Debate ................................................................................ 17

2.1.4 Rules of Debating .................................................................................... 18

2.1.5 Forms of debate ....................................................................................... 24

xi

2.1.6 Movie .................................................................................................... 28

2.1.7 Synopsis of the Great Debaters Movie ................................................... 28

2.2 Review of Previous Research..................................................................... 29

2.3 Theoretical Framework .............................................................................. 31

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD

3.1Design of the research ................................................................................. 32

3.2 Data and Data source ................................................................................. 32

3.3 Technique of collecting data ...................................................................... 32

3.4 Technique of analyzing the data ................................................................ 33

CHAPTER IV FINDINGS OF THE RESEARCH

4.1 Findings .................................................................................................... 38

CHAPTER V DISCUSSION

5.1 The Types and Functions of Scaffolding Talks in The Great Debaters

Movie ...................................................................................................... 64

CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

6.1 Conclusion ................................................................................................. 78

6.2 Suggestion .................................................................................................. 79

BIBLIOGRAPHY .......................................................................................... 80

APPENDIX .................................................................................................... 81

CURRICULUM VITAE ................................................................................ 158

STATEMENT ................................................................................................. 159

SURAT KETERANGAN SELESAI BIMBINGAN .................................... 160

xii

LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

3.1 Table 3.1 Data Analyzing (Example) ..................................................... 34

4.1 Type of Scaffolding talks in The Great Debaters Movie ....................... 38

4.2 The Functions of Scaffolding Talks in The Great Debaters Movie ....... 61

xiii

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix Page

1 The Script of Talks in The Great Debaters Movie ................................... 81