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SAS & SATA Combine to Change the Storage Market Harry Mason - Director Industry Marketing, LSI Corporation Marty Czekalski - Interface & Emerging Architecture Program Manager, Seagate Technology

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Page 1: SAS & SATA Combine to Change the Storage Market · 2020-05-21 · High-availability clustering through application based local replication Disaster recovery through application based

SAS & SATA Combine to Change the Storage Market

Harry Mason - Director Industry Marketing, LSI CorporationMarty Czekalski - Interface & Emerging Architecture Program Manager, Seagate Technology

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SAS & SATA Combine to Change the Storage Market© 2008 Storage Networking Industry Association. All Rights Reserved. 22

SNIA Legal Notice

The material contained in this tutorial is copyrighted by the SNIA. Member companies and individuals may use this material in presentations and literature under the following conditions:

Any slide or slides used must be reproduced without modificationThe SNIA must be acknowledged as source of any material used in the body of any document containing material from these presentations.

This presentation is a project of the SNIA Education Committee.

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Abstract

SAS & SATA Combine to Change the Storage MarketSerial Attached SCSI (SAS) allows systems to be built that accommodates large numbers of either SAS and/or SATA hard disk drives. This presentation, intended for OEM, System Builders and End-Users, describes the capabilities of the SAS interface, how it’s designed to interoperate with SATA drives and when combined, how these technologies can be combined to deliver some very compelling storage solutions.

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SAS: The Evolutionary Tale….

Evolution:

- Replaces Ultra320 - Preserves Legacy

SCSI Software- Renews the SCSI

Roadmap- Continues the

Market Transition to Serial Interfaces

CPU

Storage

Interface

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Ultra320 SCSI Replacement?

Customer Choice

ScalableFuture Architected

Preserve Legacy SCSI

Cost Equivalence w/SCSI

Performance

3.5” & 2.5” Form Factors

1000’s of Connections

Every-unit-ItemEconomics

Multi-protocolPlug Compatible

Preserves 20+ Years of SCSI Middleware

●Dual-ported●Point-to-Point

Wide-Ports

Reliability

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Blind Mating and Hot Pluggable

SATA Disk Connectors:• Suitable for Both 3.5” and 2.5” Storage Devices • Includes data and voltage connections• Hot-Pluggable (staggered pins)• Blind Mating

Enclosure

~3msec

Drive

Vcc

VccStaged Power

3.3V 5V R 12VRx TxData Voltage Pins

Grounds

Pre-charge

Key

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SAS/SATA Compatibility

Disk Drive Connectors

SAS

SATA Port B

SAS Connector Flip Side

Accommodates both SAS & SATA Drives

Pluggable

☻SAS Backplane Connector

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World-wide HDD Shipments:

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

FC

SCSI

SAS

SATA

FC/SAS <10K RPM

E n t e r p r i s e A p p l i c a t i o n s (2 0 0 8 -2 0 12 )A l l F o r m -F a c t o r s b y I n t e r f a c e

(M’s)

Source:IDC

A significant percentage of SATA in the enterprise will be deployed on SAS

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Storage Growth & Innovation Drives Customer Choices

Application intelligence driving applications back to DAS to reduce cost and complexity

Virtualization & Live Migration drive Networked Storage

Prevailing wisdom: ‐> Storage Consolidation was accomplished through networked storage solutions (NAS and SAN)

Virtualization

Application Intelligence

Direct Attached Storage

Networked AttachedStorage

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Applications Get SmarterApplications gaining intelligence

Applications growing new capabilities without requiring SAN storage modelHigh-availability clustering through application based local replicationDisaster recovery through application based remote replicationGreater performance through tight integration with storage subsystems

Messaging Applications:Reduced I/O load profile reduces per user spindle count requirements,

Reduce costs and/or enabling greater per server capabilities (user count/mailbox size)

Clustering techniques, like Cluster Continuous Replication (CCR) and Standby Continuous Replication (SCR), enable robust fault-tolerant deployments for DAS deployments

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The Direct Attached Storage (DAS) Revival

New DAS technologies are more powerful than everSerial Attached SCSI (SAS) and Serial Attached ATA (SATA) deliver a new level of performance and costImproved application architectures coupled with these interfaces, improves economics of storage

SAS based storage deliver high performance and high capacity storage for messaging deployments.

SAS JBODs coupled with CCR and SRC capabilities, deliver a new level of price performance for messaging environments

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Who Consumes Enterprise Drives?DAS deployments

(Drive Interfaces by volume)

SAN & NAS deployments(Drive interfaces by volume)

2001 approximately 70%(SCSI, P-ATA)

approximately 30%(FC, SCSI, P-ATA)

2007 approximately 70%(SAS, SCSI, SATA)

approximately 30%(FC, SAS, SATA)

2013 XX% (TBD)

(6Gb/s SAS, SATA)YY% (TBD)

(6Gb/s SAS, SATA)

Market Drivers

Application Intelligence,Price, Power, PerformanceDAS & S/W Improvements

Flash

VirtualizationEase of Use

Pervasive Networks

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SAS’s Unique Attributes

CompellingSolutions

Performance

Density (power)

Scalability

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SAS: Bandwidth Aggregation

Wide-Port (x4) yields 48Gb/s Full Duplex!

Each SAS Link (Rx and Tx)3Gb/s 6Gb/s (full-duplex)6Gb/s 12Gb/s (full-duplex)

Wide PortsCombine SAS links (6Gb/s SAS)

2 ports – 24Gb/s (full duplex)4 ports – 48Gb/s (full-duplex)

Concurrency Brings Higher PerformanceMultiple concurrent I/O’s

(lots of drives operating concurrently)

Performance

Theoretical Bandwidth DOUBLES with 6Gb/s SAS!

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Performance – 6Gb/s SAS

SAS Bus

3Gb/s 6Gb/sMB/s MB/s

X1 280 550

X2 560 1100

X4 1120 2200

Host Side Bus

PCIe 1.1 PCIe 2MB/s MB/s

PCIe - x4 800 1600

PCIe – x8 1600 3200

Performance

6Gb/s SAS Improves Scalability

Drives to saturate a x4 SAS Connection3Gb/s SAS 6Gb/s SAS

SAS 2.5” 20 13SAS 3.5” 10 13SATA 2.5” 25 25SATA 3.5” 15 19

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0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

2.5"

3.5"

Form Factor TransitionDensity

Source: IDC

(M’s)

SAS: Enterprise Form Factor Transition

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Industry Compacts Storage

SAS & Small Form Factor (SFF)SFF increases density

Scale & expand in same spaceIdeal for Blade System Deployment

SFF Drives Consume 50% less Power than 3.5”counterparts

Save on volatile energy costsGrowth without pulling in extra power dropsLower heat loads & air-conditioning costs at equivalent performance

– Caution – Power per rack can still increase due to density increase

Higher Performance and Potentially Lower CostMultiple concurrent I/O’s (lots of drives operating concurrently)Lower TCO through common infrastructure

Additional AdvantagesRAID 5 or 6 on a 1U serverImproved Hard Disk Drive reliabilitySAS & SATA Drives in Common Drive Carrier

Density

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Connector Types

SAS 4X ConnectorMini SAS 4X Connector

InfiniBand Style

Preferred External Connection Scheme

Density

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SAS & SATA Combine to Change the Storage Market© 2008 Storage Networking Industry Association. All Rights Reserved. 19

Scaling outside the Server

SASController

and/or

SAS Cables

Expand Your DAS Capabilities

Cascaded Enclosures

Density

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SAS: Improving Density and Airflow

Dramatically Improves Connectivity, Density & Airflow

Up to 160 SAS Links per 1u Rack!

SATA/SAS CableVS Parallel

External & Internal SAS 1.1 Mini SAS

(4x & 4i)

Highly Scalable ArchitectureConnectivity and Bandwidth

Density

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Self Configuring Expanders Extend SAS

1st Gen SAS DiscoveryVendor Unique ZoningLimited to 128Discovery Executed by Initiator end-devices

Complicated large topologies Problematic for zoning

2nd Gen SAS DiscoveryStandardized ZoningExpanded to 256Discovery executed by SAS Expanders

Reduces time to discover large topologiesEnables zoning of the topologyAllows table-to-table routing

Enables Richer SAS Topologies

Hosts(Initiators)

Expanders

Serial Attached SCSI or SATA disk drives

(Targets)

Scalability

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w

Expanders – Scaling SAS Architecture

SASHBAs

SAS Expander Complex(packaged view)

SAS Expander Complex (internal view)

Scalability

Various JBODs

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Cascading Enclosures

= Universal Connection (required at both end points)

= IN – Connects to universal or OUT port

= OUT – Connects to Universal or IN port

JBOD Enclosure

IN OUT

JBOD Enclosure

IN OUT

Server

End Device

Server

End Device

/ /

SASExpander

SASExpander

SAS HBA

SAS HBA

/Scalability

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SAS Expander(s)

Shared Storage Example SAS Zoning

Greenis Zone 1

Redis Zone 2

4

4

2

4

2

Sees a total of 16 drives

Sees a total of 20 drives

8 - 2.5” Drives

12 - 3.5” Drives

8 - 2.5” Drives

Solutions

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Traditional DAS model creates islands of storageTraditional DAS does not allow sharing and pooling of the storage

Solves the problem of routing multiple servers to multiple independent storage devices (JBOD or RAID systems) creating “Sharable DAS”The expander complex allows sharing & pooling of storage – fewer, larger storage arrays

Scalable, Sharable DAS

High-Port Count SAS Expanders support 32 Ports or Greater

Solutions

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Scalable, Sharable DASSAS Value Proposition & Positioning

Performance Low Cost Distance

Fibre Channel X X

GbE iSCSI X X

10 GbE iSCSI X X

SAS X X

Significant market segment underserved by SAN alternativesSame room, modest scale (to few 10s of server & storage endpoints)Compliments Application Intelligence and Application MessagingEnhances Clustered Applications

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Switched SAS ApplicationsRAID Array Drive Expansion

Blade Storage Mid-plane I/F

Lower Cost

Higher Bandwidth

Shareable DASSolutions

LSI

SASx36

SAS Switch

LSI

SAS1068

LSI SASx36

RAID Ctlr

LSI

SAS1068

LSI SASx36

RAID CtlrLSI

SASx36

SAS Switch

LSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

Blade Server

Daughter Card

External Storage

LSI

SASx36

SAS Switch

LSI

SASx36SASx36

SAS Switch

LSI

SAS1068

LSI SASx36

RAID Ctlr

SAS ROC SASx36

RAID Ctlr

LSI

SAS1068

LSI SASx36

RAID Ctlr

SAS ROC SASx36

RAID CtlrLSI

SASx36

SAS Switch

LSI

SASx36SASx36

SAS Switch

LSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter Card

LSI

SAS1064

LSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter Card

LSI

SAS1064

LSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter Card

LSI

SAS1064

LSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter Card

LSI

SAS1064

LSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter Card

LSI

SAS1064

LSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter Card

LSI

SAS1064

LSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter Card

LSI

SAS1064

LSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter Card

LSI

SAS1064

LSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter Card

LSI

SAS1064

LSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter Card

LSI

SAS1064

LSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter Card

LSI

SAS1064

LSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter Card

LSI

SAS1064

LSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter Card

LSI

SAS1064

LSI

SAS1064

RaleighBlade Server

Daughter CardLSI

SAS1064

Blade Server

Daughter Card

LSI

SAS1064SAS

controller

Blade Server

Daughter Card

External Storage

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3Gb/s SAS Demonstration

System ComponentsDual-Core processorsPCI-Express 2 - SAS RAID Controllers1 - SAS Switch82 Drives – (mixture of 2.5” & 3.5” & mixture of 10 & 15K RPM)5 JBODs -Various SuppliersSize: 15U Rack

Up to 500K IOPS (512 Byte Blocks)!

Solutions

PerformanceSQLIO Throughput Benchmarks

64KB sequential reads of 3.2 GB/s64KB sequential writes of 2.7 GB/s256KB random read of 2.0 GB/s256KB random writes of 2.1 GB/s

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Demonstrates the extremely high throughput available with 

standard high‐volume components

6Gb/s SAS Demonstration

System ComponentsOne Quad-Core processorPCI-Express 2.03 – 6Gb/s SAS Controllers30 Drives – (2.5” 6Gb/s 15K RPM, JBOD)Workstation motherboard using latest CPU & chipsetWindows 2003

Solutions

PerformanceIometer Throughput Benchmarks

2KB sequential read or write

– 1,000,000 IOPs

256KB sequential read or write

– 6.5 GB/s

i7

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What’s coming?

High Capacity SAS - Simplifies SAS ArchitectureSAS interface on High Capacity Drives, 2 TB and higherArchitecturally more efficient, Improves Enterprise System Integrity Minimizes impact of Multi-host emulation

6Gb/s SAS - Double transfer rate Decision Feedback Equalization Improves 6Gb/s SignalingData Integrity Initiative (DII)

Expands SAS Usage into the EnterpriseExpander Zoning

Enhanced multi-host supportAlready available on some 3Gb expanders

Spread spectrum clockingReduces EMI

Multiplexing (Optional)Less Significant with the advent of 6Gb/s SAS Drives

Solid State Disks (SSD)Random performance improves read performance (10x to 100x)Early stages of market adoption

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Additional Info Available at:

T10 (Serial Attached SCSI Spec development)http://www.t10.org

SCSI Trade Associationhttp://www.scsita.org

Serial Storage Wirehttp://www.serialstoragewire.com

SATA I/Ohttp://www.sata-io.org

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Q&A / Feedback

Please send any questions or comments on this presentation to SNIA: [email protected]

Many thanks to the following individuals for their contributions to this tutorial.

SNIA Education Committee

SCSI Trade Association (STA) Marty Czekalski SATA I/O Working Group David So Rich Johnson Howie Goldstein Chris Lionetti Joe White Jay Neer Bruce Grieshaber Tom Hammond-Doel Nancy Clay