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Sanna Mustonen [email protected] Nina Reiman [email protected] University of Jyväskylä The Development of Syntactical Constructions in L2 Finnish

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Page 1: Sanna Mustonen sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi Nina Reiman nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi University of Jyväskylä sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi

Sanna Mustonen [email protected]

Nina [email protected]

University of Jyväskylä

The Development of Syntactical Constructions

in L2 Finnish

Page 2: Sanna Mustonen sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi Nina Reiman nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi University of Jyväskylä sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi

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This presentation

i Cefling project

ii Data

iii The development of syntactical and phrase constructions– Ditransitive construction– Local case phrases

Page 3: Sanna Mustonen sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi Nina Reiman nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi University of Jyväskylä sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi

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isticsCEFLING

The linguistic basis of the Common European Framework levels

http://www.jyu.fi/hum/laitokset/kielet/cefling/en

Research questions:– What combinations of linguistic features

characterise learners’ performance at the proficiency levels defined in the Common European Framework and its Finnish adaptations?

– How does second language proficiency develop?

Page 4: Sanna Mustonen sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi Nina Reiman nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi University of Jyväskylä sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi

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Ceflings

RESEARCHERS

Riikka Alanen

Hannele Dufva

Ari Huhta

Paula Kalaja

Maisa Martin

Katja Mäntylä

Mirja Tarnanen

PhD STUDENTS

Helena Miettinen

Sanna Mustonen

Nina Reiman

Marja Seilonen

Page 5: Sanna Mustonen sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi Nina Reiman nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi University of Jyväskylä sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi

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Rationale

CEF very influential in Finland:

– School curricula– Adult education curricula– National Certificates of Proficiency (YKI)– Citizenship requirements

Page 6: Sanna Mustonen sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi Nina Reiman nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi University of Jyväskylä sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi

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Data

Writing performances (490) of adults taking the National Certificate of Proficiency examination

6-step scale

L2 Finnish – L1 varies

Page 7: Sanna Mustonen sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi Nina Reiman nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi University of Jyväskylä sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi

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isticsAssumptions about language and

learning

Usage-based view of language learning:– language learning in and through

language usage

sketching and outlining model constructions

(form, meaning and function)

(E.g. Ellis 2003, 2008; Tomasello 2003)

Page 8: Sanna Mustonen sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi Nina Reiman nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi University of Jyväskylä sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi

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Ditransitive construction

(1) Jussi leipoi Marille kakun.(Jussi bakeIMP+3RD PERSON SG MariALL cakeACC(GEN).)

John baked Mary a cake.

(2) Jussin täytyy leipoa Marille kakku_.(JussiGEN mustPRES + 3RD PERSON SG bake MariALL cakeACC(NOM).)

John must bake Mary a cake.

(3) Jussi leipoo Marille kakkua.(Jussi bakePRES + 3RD PERSON SG MariALL cakePART.)

John is baking Mary “some” cake.

Page 9: Sanna Mustonen sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi Nina Reiman nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi University of Jyväskylä sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi

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isticsDitransitive constructions per1000 words / 10 texts

0

1

2

3

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7

8

1 2 3 4 5 6

incorrect

correct

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

1 2 3 4 5 6

incorrect

correct

Page 10: Sanna Mustonen sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi Nina Reiman nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi University of Jyväskylä sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi

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isticsVerb variation

Level 1 2 3 4 5 6 English (1) antaa antaa antaa antaa antaa antaa ’to give’ (2) lähettää lähettää lähettää lähettää lähettää ’to send’ (3) *velata ’to ow’ (4) haluta haluta ’to want’ (5) maksaa maksaa maksaa maksaa ’to cost’

’to pay’ (6) ostaa ostaa ostaa ’to buy’ (7) lainata ’to lend’ (8) palauttaa palauttaa palauttaa ’to give

back’ (9) kertoa kertoa kertoa kertoa ’to tell’ (10) ilmoittaa ilmoittaa ilmoittaa ilmoittaa ’to

announce’ (11) opiskella

(po. opettaa)

oppia (po. opettaa)

*’to study’ / *’to learn’ (’to teach’)

(12) opettaa opettaa opettaa ’to teach’ (13) toivoa toivoa toivoa ’to wish’ (14) toivottaa ’to wish’ (15) tehdä tehdä tehdä ’to make’ /

’to do’ (16) tarjota tarjota tarjota ’to offer’ (17) tuoda tuoda ’to bring’ (18) jättää jättää ’to leave’ (19) valittaa ’to

complain’ (20) sanoa ’to say’ (21) kirjoittaa ’to write’ (22) tilata ’to order’ (23) näyttää ’to show’ (24) vaihtaa ’to change

sthng for’ (25) järjestää järjestää ’to arrange’ (26) korvata korvata ’to

reimburse’ (27) toimittaa ’to deliver’ (28) myydä ’to sell’ (29) laittaa ’to make’ (30) odottaa ’to wait’ (31) hankkia ’to acquire’ (32) postittaa ’to post’ (33) ottaa ’to take’ (34) rakentaa ’to build’ (35) koitua ’to cause’ (36) aiheuttaa ’to cause’ (37) myöntää ’to admit’ (38) selittää ’to explain’ (39) vakuuttaa ’to assure’ (40) pyytää ’to ask’ (41) tiedustella ’to inquire’ (42) tuottaa ’to cause’ (43) saada ’to get’ type/ token

4/11 8/20 21/68 18/35 18/34 9/12

Page 11: Sanna Mustonen sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi Nina Reiman nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi University of Jyväskylä sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi

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isticsThe Semantics of the Local Case System

(E.g. Jackendoff 1983, 1992)

Page 12: Sanna Mustonen sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi Nina Reiman nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi University of Jyväskylä sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi

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isticsConstructions per 1000 words /

per 10 texts

Page 13: Sanna Mustonen sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi Nina Reiman nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi University of Jyväskylä sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi

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isticsComplexity of

the Action-TO -construction

1: Tulee minulla vaimon kanssa kahvillee (ComesIMP. inTO my place with wife to have a cup of coffee. )

3: en voi mennä sun häihin (I can not go to your wedding)

6: Haluaisin ilmoittautua teidän järjestämään Varhainen vuorovaikutus täydennyskoulutukseen

(I would like to register for a course of Early interaction you have organized.)

Page 14: Sanna Mustonen sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi Nina Reiman nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi University of Jyväskylä sanna.mustonen@campus.jyu.fi nina.reiman@campus.jyu.fi

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Summary

This kind of quantitative analysis reveals the development of accuracy roughly– Either–or-classification (target language

-like/non-target language -like) In the usage-based approach, qualitative analysis is also needed in order to achieve a more comprehensive picture of language competence development Increase in complexity and variation (in form, meaning and function) is a signal of development in language competence