A PRESENTATION ON BUSDUCT AND COMPUTER

NETWORKING

SUBMITTED TO:- SUBMITTED BY:-

MR. AMIT SAXENA SANJEEV KR. SINGH

ASST. PROFESSOR(E.C) 4TH YEAR- (E.C)

1108231148

TABLE OF CONTENT 1.ABOUT BHEL

2.BUSDUCT Introduction to bus duct. Types of bus duct.

1.Isolated phase bus duct. 2.Segregated phase bus duct. 3.non segregated bus duct. Design and selection criteria.

3.COMPUTER NETWORKING Need for computer networking Advantage of computer networking Basic component of networking in BHEL, RUDRAPUR Sharing services Active directory Firewall sever Other features of networking in BHEL,RUDRAPUR

ABOUT BHEL•Bharat Heavy Electrical Limited is power plant equipment manufacturer based in New Delhi, India

• It was established in 1964

• It has 17 manufacturing units

• It manufactures gas turbines, steam turbines, generators and boilers

• It is 7th largest power plant equipment manufacturer in the world

1.BUSDUCTS

Almost all coal , nuclear , geothermal , solar thermal electric , as well as many natural gas power plants are thermal.

Commercial electric utility power stations are usually constructed on a large scale and designed for continuous operation.

Electrical power typically uses three-phase electrical generators to produce alternating current(AC) electric power at a frequency of 50Hz or 60Hz.

High power generation requires special equipment's to transfer from source to the sink.

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION (CONTD.)

To transfer the power through grids into various sub stations the power needs to reach the generator transformer(GT) which steps down the high voltage and current.

This transit occurs with the help of bus duct / bus bar which is capable of carrying current up to 21000A and can be subjected to various weather conditions without substantial losses incurred.

BUS DUCTSINTRODUCTION

Bus ducts or bus bars are used to carry very high current between the generator and associated transformers, in the power stations.

In the power stations the generator voltages vary from 12 KV to 24 KV whereas auxiliary supply voltages are 3.3 KV, 6.6 KV, or 12 KV.

Bus duct forms an electrical link between generator , transformers and associated equipment's. It is an assembly of bus bars with associated joints ,connections and supporting insulators within a grounded metal enclosure.

Bus bars are thick metal connectors, usually of aluminium , which carry large current up to 10 KA. The conductors are metal enclosed,

Aluminium has been used for the enclosure, as well as it reduces the magnetic losses. Aluminium is being used increasingly as bus bar material, in power stations, distribution boards, switchgear, etc. one of the main reasons for this is that it is cheaper to use than copper and making allowance for the light metal’s.

TYPES OF BUSDUCTS

There are three types of bus ducts

Isolated phase bus duct. (21kv)

segregated phase bus duct. (12kv)

Non segregated phase bus duct. (6.6kv)

ISOLATED PHASE BUSDUCTS

An IPBD most commonly used for large power generating unit and popularly known as generator bus duct , serves as an interconnection between generator and it’s associated auxiliary equipment .

Conductors are air insulated and supported in the centre of an enclosure by strategically arranging the insulators . phase to phase circuits are eliminated and no current is induced in the steel work.

In Isolated Phase Bus duct each phase conductor is enclosed by an individual metal housing and separated from adjacent phase conductor housing by an air space.

Each phase conductor is mounted in an individual enclosure and is carrying a much higher current for a given permissible temperature hence it has a large heat dissipation as compared to segregated and non-segregated phase bus duct.

INTRODUCTION

SEGREGATED PHASE BUSDUCTMetal enclosed bus duct in which all the phase conductors housed in common metal enclosure and segregated by metallic barrier between phases.

Segregated phase bus duct is generally employed in medium voltage systems and serves as interconnection between the switchgear and transformer.

The segregated phase bus duct comprises of three phase conductors running along with barrier made of aluminium alloy.

The non-magnetic barrier provided between phase conductor reduces forces during phase to phase faults and also helps in reducing temperature rise.

NON SEGRAGATED PHASE BUSDUCTS

Metal enclosed bus duct in which all phase conductors are in common metal enclosure with only air barrier and physical separation between the phases. NSPBD serves as an interconnection between 1.1KV switchgear/indoor power control centre (PCC)/motor control centre(MCC) and its auxiliary transformer. It is also used for trunking connection between two separate switchgear/PCC/MCC, wherever applicable

DIAGRAM SHOWING DIFFERENT TYPES OF BUS DUCT

Isolated Phase Bus-Duct Segregated Phase Bus-Duct

Non-Segregated Phase Bus-Duct

DESIGN AND SELECTION CRITERIA The bus duct provide a means for carrying high current. It provides high system reliability. The type and rating of bus duct shall be as per system requirement.

The design of bus duct is based on following factors. The continuous current rating. Maximum system voltage. Maximum dynamic and transient forces it may be subjected to during its life span. The dielectric requirement of the system. Climatic conditions.

SELECTION CRITERIA

The shape and size of bus duct of bus bar/enclosure is selected considering the following aspects. 1)The current carrying capability. 2)The resistivity required for permissible thermal limits. 3)Force between the different conductor in short circuit condition. 4)Skin effect. 5)Proximity effect. 6)Effect of solar radiation on temperature rise

2.COMPUTER NETWORKING IN BHEL,RUDRAPUR

WHAT IS COMPUTER NETWORKING???

•Information and communication are two of the most important strategic issues for the success of every enterprise. While today nearly every organization uses a substantial number of computers and communication tools (telephone , fax , personal hand held devices) , they are often still isolated , many departments still do not communicate and much needed information cannot be readily accessed.

•To overcome these difficulties there is a need for effective computer networking.

NEED OF COMPUTER NETWORKING

Computer networks allows the user to access remote program and remote database either from the same organization or from other enterprises or public source.

Computer networks provides communication faster then other facility. Because of these optimal information and communication possibilities , it may increase the organizational learning rate

ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER NETWORKING

FILE SHARING : computer networking makes easy for everyone to access the same file and prevents people from accidentally creating different version.

PRINTER SHARING: with the computer networking several computers are inter-connected with the same printer.

COMMUNICATION AND CALLABORATION : it’s hard for people to work together if no one knows what others are doing. A network allows employees to share , view other people’s work , and exchange ideas more efficiently. In a large office , one can use e-mail and instant messaging tools to communicate quickly and to store for future reference.

ORGANIGATION AND DATA PROTECTION.

BASIC COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER NETWORKING IN BHEL , RUDRAPUR

INTERANET

(MPLS)

INTERNET(2 MBPS)

FIREWALLSERVER

SWITCH( to coordinate b/w services and users)

ACTIVE DIRECTORY

SHARING SERVICE

WEBSITE SERVER VARIOUS PC

CONNECTIONS