sample and analysis plan for evaluating sediment and biological...
TRANSCRIPT
Sample and Analysis Plan
for Evaluating Sediment
and Biological Criteria in
the Shoshone River
2017
WYOMING DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY WATER QUALITY DIVISION, WATERSHED PROTECTION PROGRAM
JASON MARTINEAU, WY DEPT. OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY | 2100 W. 5th St., Sheridan, WY 82801
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Table of Contents 1.0 SIGNATURE PAGE .................................................................................................................................... 3
2.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 4
3.0 BACKGROUND ......................................................................................................................................... 4
Figure 1 - Spatial relationship between suspended sediment and macroinvertebrate condition
according to the WSII developed for the Bighorn River. ...................................................................... 5
Figure 2 - Trout and total fish density based on single-pass electroshocking. ..................................... 6
4.0 OBJECTIVE ............................................................................................................................................... 7
5.0 CREDIBLE DATA ....................................................................................................................................... 7
6.0 SAMPLING ............................................................................................................................................... 7
6.1 Sample Design ..................................................................................................................................... 7
6.2 Sampling Personnel ............................................................................................................................. 8
6.3 Sampling Locations ............................................................................................................................. 8
Figure 3 - Map of Shoshone River sites. ................................................................................................ 9
Figure 4 - Map of project area from Buffalo Bill Reservoir to below Corbett Dam. ........................... 10
Figure 5 - Map of project area from below Corbett Dam to below Penrose Dam. ............................ 11
Figure 6 - Map of project area from below Penrose Dam to Bighorn Reservoir. ............................... 12
6.4 Parameters/Sampling Methods ........................................................................................................ 13
6.5 Sampling Schedule ............................................................................................................................ 15
6.6 Sample Labeling ................................................................................................................................ 15
7.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL (QA/QC) ............................................................................. 15
7.1 Chain of Custody ............................................................................................................................... 15
7.2 Blanks and Duplicates ....................................................................................................................... 15
7.3 Data Quality Objectives (DQOs) ........................................................................................................ 16
7.4 Equipment Calibration, Maintenance and Calibration Logs ............................................................. 17
7.5 Field Notes ........................................................................................................................................ 17
7.6 Corrective Action .............................................................................................................................. 17
7.7 Reconciliation with DQOs ................................................................................................................. 18
7.8 Field Audits ........................................................................................................................................ 18
8.0 LABORATORIES ...................................................................................................................................... 18
9.0 DATA ..................................................................................................................................................... 19
9.1 Data verification and Validation ....................................................................................................... 19
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9.2 Data Management ............................................................................................................................ 19
9.3 Data Archiving ................................................................................................................................... 19
9.4 Data Analysis ..................................................................................................................................... 20
9.5 Evaluation of Data ............................................................................................................................. 21
10.0 REPORTS .............................................................................................................................................. 21
11.0 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................................ 21
Appendices .................................................................................................................................................. 22
APPENDIX A – Route Maps ..................................................................................................................... 23
APPENDIX B - Forms ................................................................................................................................ 28
Table 1 - Summary of site locations. ........................................................................................................... 13
Table 2 - Chemical and biological parameters to be collected at all sites. ................................................. 14
Table 3 - Blank and duplicate sample collection parameters and frequency. ............................................ 15
Table 4 - Data Quality Indicators. ............................................................................................................... 16
Table 5 - Field meter calibration, maintenance and logbook information. ................................................ 17
Table 6 - Summary of how data will be managed. ..................................................................................... 19
Table 7 - Summary of where and how data will be stored. ........................................................................ 19
Table 8 - Proposed analytical methods. ...................................................................................................... 20
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1.0 SIGNATURE PAGE
Signature/Date:
Name: Jeremy ZumBerge
Title/Organization: Monitoring and Assessment Supervisor
Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality
Signature/Date:
Name: Cathy Norris
Title/Organization: QA/QC Program Coordinator
Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality
Signature/Date:
Name: Jason Martineau
Title/Organization: Natural Resource Analyst (Project Manager)
Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality
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2.0 INTRODUCTION This Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP) has been prepared for the Wyoming Department of Environmental
Quality (WDEQ) to serve as a guide for personnel conducting the water quality monitoring of the Shoshone
River. The SAP outlines why data will be collected, how data will be collected and analyzed, how data
quality will be assured, and how data will be stored. Ultimately, this SAP should provide internal concensus
about whether data will fulfill credible data requirements.
3.0 BACKGROUND In April, 2007, Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality (WDEQ) personnel received a citizen
complaint regarding the discharge of a large amount of sediment to the Shoshone River from Iron Creek.
Iron Creek is impounded during the irrigation season at its confluence of Corbett Tunnel. At the conclusion
of the irrigation season, the impounded water, along with much of the sediment that has accumulated
over the summer, is released through a headgate to the Shoshone River a short distance downstream.
The headgate remains open during the winter and spring eroding the deposited sediment.
In June 2007, in response to concerns issued by the Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD)
regarding a negative trend in the fishery possibly associated with turbidity and/or suspended sediment, a
joint WGFD/WDEQ tour of the Shoshone River watershed was completed and preparations were made
for an assessment of the segment from Buffalo Bill Dam to Willwood Dam beginning in August, 2008. Both
agencies had observed seasonal variation in turbidity of Shoshone River tributaries contrary to
expectations. Generally, turbidity increases during runoff events and decreases during dry periods, but
tributaries to the Shoshone River are turbid in dry conditions.
In October 2007, WDEQ personnel received a citizen complaint concerning a sediment release from the
Willwood Dam on the Shoshone River to its tailwaters resulting in a large fish kill. The Willwood Dam was
constructed in 1927 to divert water for irrigation on 11,400 acres in Park and Big Horn Counties as part of
a Bureau of Reclamation project. Operation and maintenance of the dam was turned over to the Willwood
Irrigation District (WID), an organization with considerably fewer resources, in 1949. Ultimately, it was
learned that operation of the aging structure is complicated by the fact that only one of three sluice gates
is functioning properly and accumulating sediment has completely buried the two inoperable sluice gates.
The fluctuating releases through the sole operational sluice gate appear to be the source of violations of
WDEQ’s turbidity standard below the dam. A rehabilitation and GIS study was completed for the Willwood
Dam in 2009 by the Wyoming Water Development Commission. The study identified many concerns
regarding the structural integrity of the facility, all costly fixes. New interim operating criteria were agreed
upon between the WDEQ and WID in 2011 addressing operational details and communication between
the two entities with regard to affects from Willwood dam on Shoshone River turbidity.
In August 2008, personnel from the Sheridan WDEQ office were accompanied by WGFD personnel on a
float of the Shoshone River from Cody downstream to the Willwood Dam to visually identify the major
contributors of sediment. Based on observations from the float, monitoring sites were selected at the
mouth of Sulphur Creek, Cottonwood Creek, Sage Creek, Dry Creek, Buck Creek and six sites along the
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mainstem of the Shoshone River. Water chemistry samples were collected seasonally (spring, late summer
and fall) at all sites in 2008 and 2009 with the expectation (based on previous observations) that
suspended sediment concentrations would be highest in the late summer. Additionally,
macroinvertebrates and periphyton were sampled at the six sites on the Shoshone River during the late
summer in both 2008 and 2009. Based on a cursory review of data collected, seasonal trends in water
chemistry suggest that only Dry Creek is affected by substantially elevated sediment in dry periods (mean
total suspended solids concentrations were <5mg/L, 288mg/L and 23mg/L in spring, summer and fall,
respectively), but due to its size Dry Creek’s influence on the Shoshone River mainstem was negligible.
Mainstem total suspended solids (TSS) measurements during the irrigation season were consistently
between 20 mg/L and 40 mg/L with no spatial trend and only a few exceptions.
In 2010, the WDEQ began a new rotating basin approach as the primary method for assessing current
water quality conditions of Wyoming’s streams and rivers. In its inaugural year, the WDEQ sampled 50
randomly selected sites in the Bighorn and Yellowstone basins. Moving from upstream to downstream
suspended sediment increased slightly from 21 mg/l at “Corbett Tunnel” to 22 mg/l at “Below Eaglenest
Creek”, then increased to 92 mg/l at “above Willwood Draw and 230 mg/l at “Above Sage Creek”. The
“Corbett Tunnel” site is located within the reach assessed in 2008 and 2009. The “Below Eaglenest Creek”
site is located just downstream of the reach assessed in 2008 and 2009 and captures the influence of both
Willwood Dam and Eaglenest Creek. Based on plumes visible on Google Earth imagery captured between
1994 and the present, the “Above Willwood Draw” site is located downstream of major sediment
contributions from Alkali Creek and Deer Creek. The “Above Sage Creek” site is located downstream of
major sediment contributions from Roan Wash, Bitter Creek and Whistle Creek, and immediately
upstream of Sage Creek. TSS at “Corbett Tunnel” was 21 mg/L, lower, but similar to what was observed in
the same area in 2008 and 2009. Moving downstream, available data suggest that the large increase in
suspended sediment from tributaries may be affecting aquatic life in the Shoshone River (Figure 1
provides a graphic representation of the perceived relationship between suspended sediment and the
macroinvertebrate community using the Bighorn River large river index).
Figure 1 - Spatial relationship between suspended sediment and macroinvertebrate condition according to the WSII developed for the Bighorn River.
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0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0
50
100
150
200
250
1 6 11 16 21 26 31 36 41 46
WSI
I (B
igh
orn
Riv
er)
TSS
(mg/
L)
Approx. Distance From Buffalo Bill Dam (miles)
TSS
WSII (Bighorn)
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Based on the perceived negative trend in biological condition associated with suspended sediment from
tributaries, a targeted study was completed in 2012 and 2013. The design was similar to the 2008 and
2009 study, focusing on seasonal inputs from select tributaries. Tributaries were selected based on google
imagery. Those that appeared to have the greatest influence on water quality in the Shoshone River were
selected, included: Eaglenest Creek, Alkali Creek, Deer Creek, Roan Wash, Whistle Creek and Sage Creek.
Ultimately, it was determined that Shoshone River water quality was affected by land use at a sub-
watershed scale. Seasonal increases to flow and suspended solids in tributaries, during the irrigation
season, appear to degrade water quality in the Shoshone River. Contrary to 2010 data, 2012 and 2013
macroinvertebrate data did not corroborate these findings.
There appears to be two reasons for the change in 2012 and 2013 macroinvertebrate data. First, in an
attempt to avoid type II errors, a new macroinvertebrate sampling device was used. Some evidence from
the 2010 data suggest that macroinvertebrate sample locations (confined to margins of riffles) may have
been influenced by unnatural fluctuations in flow. In order to collect a more representative
macroinvertebrate sample, avoiding marginal ephemeral habitats, a net modified for use in deeper, faster
and coarser riffle habitat was used. Second, it is well-established that macroinvertebrate communities
below hypolimnetic-release dams favor a consistent set of generalist species. It is speculated that because
these species are more tolerant of additional stressors than what would be expected of a reference
macroinvertebrate community, no response was realized.
Semi-quantitative fish data collected in 2012 to support macroinvertebrate data suggest that changes to
water quality may be manifest at higher trophic levels. Moving downstream from Willwood Dam it
appeared that both trout and total fish densities were reduced. Figure 2 illustrates what appears to be a
substantial decrease in fish density from Willwood Dam (river mile 25) to sites below Penrose Dam (river
mile 49). The semi-quantitative nature of the fish data made its use assessing standards attainment
(Section 32, Chapter 1) inappropriate.
Figure 2 - Trout and total fish density based on single-pass electroshocking.
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300
400
500
600
700
0
20
40
60
80
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120
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180
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1 11 21 31 41 51 61
Fish
/Mile
Tro
ut/
Mile
River mile
Trout/Mile
Fish/Mile
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A prolonged sediment release occurred between mid-October and November 2016 at Willwood Dam
during planned repairs to the facility. Over a six week period, discharged sediment from behind Willwood
Dam blanketed coarser substrates and degrading aesthetics to Yellowtail Reservoir. Public demand for
both short and long-term solutions to this recurring problem, once again, brought to light the need to
understand how sediment management in the lower Shoshone watershed is impacting biological
integrity.
4.0 OBJECTIVE The purpose of a third targeted study on the Shoshone River is to determine whether changes to water
quality, particularly sediment, observed during the irrigation season downstream of Willwood Dam,
persist throughout the irrigation season and how they relate to biological condition, particularly fish.
Ultimately, a determination will be made on whether Wyoming surface water quality criteria are met. As
a secondary interest, we would also like to capture whether there are any lasting effects from the 2016
sediment release.
5.0 CREDIBLE DATA Data will be collected according to the credible data procedures outlined in Section 35 of the Wyoming
Department of Environmental Quality (WDEQ), Water Quality Rules and Regulations, Chapter 1
(WDEQ/WQD 2007).
6.0 SAMPLING
6.1 Sample Design Given the amount of data previously collected on the Shoshone River, data collection beginning in 2017
will focus on detailing duration of previously observed perturbations to water quality on the Shoshone
River, and will include more quantitative fish data provided by the WGFD. The irrigation season in the
lower Shoshone watershed runs from around April 15 through October 15. Data collected previously
suggest that during this period suspended sediment concentrations downstream of Willwood Dam are
elevated substantially above what would be expected naturally, potentially violating Sections 15, 16 and
23 of Chapter 1 in Wyoming’s Surface Water Quality Standards (WDEQ 2013). Monthly water chemistry
data will be collected at sites along the Shoshone River. Sites were to isolate potential sediment sources
and facilitate access due to the potentially large number of visits. Riffle macroinvertebrate and periphyton
data along with accompanying habitat data (riffle substrate and embeddedness) will be collected at the
same sites in late-October or November, providing biological data for comparison to water quality data.
It is hoped biological data will capture the effects of the 2016 release when compared with data collected
previously.
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6.2 Sampling Personnel The following personnel may be involved in the project, including the WDEQ office they are located and
phone number. The Sheridan field office personnel are primary personnel that are most likely to perform
the sampling and analysis.
Sheridan field office staff: Jason Martineau (307-675-5632), Chad Rieger (307-675-5637) and Jeremy
ZumBerge (307-675-5638)
Lander field office staff: Tavis Eddy (307-335-6957) and Mike Wachtendonk (307-335-6751)
Cheyenne office: Sol Brich (307-777-7096)
6.3 Sampling Locations Nine sampling locations are proposed on the Shoshone River (Table 1 and Figure 3). Route maps to each
site are provided in Appendix A. All sites and their potential influences on water quality captured follow:
“Below Sulphur Creek” – Buffalo Bill Dam, Sulphur Creek and DeMaris Springs
“Below Corbett Dam” – Sage Creek, Dry Creek and Corbett Dam
“Below Buck Creek” – McCullough Hills, Iron Creek and possibly Buck Creek
“Below Willwood Dam” – Willwood Dam
“Below Eaglenest Creek” – Eaglenest Creek
“Below 295” – Alkali Creek and Deer Creek
“Below Penrose” – Roan Wash, Mormon Dam and Penrose Dam
“Old Hwy 14A Bridge” – Bitter Creek and Whistle Creek
“Below Sage Creek” – Sage Creek
Figure 3 - Map of Shoshone River sites.
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Figure 4 - Map of project area from Buffalo Bill Reservoir to below Corbett Dam.
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Figure 5 - Map of project area from below Corbett Dam to below Penrose Dam.
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Figure 6 - Map of project area from below Penrose Dam to Bighorn Reservoir.
Table 1 - Summary of site locations.
Site Legal Latitude Longitude Access* Years previously sampled
Below Sulphur Creek
NWSE, Sect. 36, T53N, R102W
44.527498 -109.085105 Municipal to BOR 2008 and 2009
Below Corbett Dam
NENW, Sect. 7, T53N, R100W
44.592505 -108.947881 WGFD easement 2008, 2009, 2012 and 2013
Below Buck Creek
SENW, Sect. 17, T54N, R100W
44.659376 -108.930510 Private access to BOR Not previously sampled
Below Willwood Dam
SWNW, Sect. 9, T54N, R100W
44.676425 -108.912998 BOR 2008, 2009, 2012, 2013, and 2016
Below Eaglenest Creek
SENE, Sect. 4, T54N, R100W
44.691164 -108.896870 BOR 2012, 2013 and 2016
Below 295 NENE, Sect. 34, T55N, R99W
44.706857 -108.755548 WGFD easement 2016
Below Penrose SESE, Sect. 13, T55N, R98W
44.740859 -108.593059 State 2016
Old Hwy 14A NENE, Sect. 17, T56N, R96W
44.837932 -108.435056 County 2016
Below Sage Creek
SENW, Sect. 10, T56N, R96W
44.848311 -108.401661 BLM 2012 and 2013
*For access to or across private lands, authorization will be sought according to the internal SOP for Private Land Access. To access
Wyoming State Trust lands, authorization will be sought from the Office of State Lands and Investments (OSLI) and their policies
followed.
6.4 Parameters/Sampling Methods Water quality samples will be collected on a monthly schedule at all sites. Macroinvertebrates and
periphyton data will be collected in fall, during low flow. The only physical parameter collected in
conjunction with biological data will be riffle gradient. A summary of chemical and biological parameters
and methods are provided in Table 2.
Macroinvertebrate collection on the Shoshone River is complicated by its size. Depth, velocity and
substrate size necessitate the use of something other than the preferred WDEQ method, a Surber
Sampler. We will be using a modified rectangular-frame net to collect macroinvertebrates. The chosen
device will allow collection from larger substrates, higher velocities and depths to ~18 inches, providing
for a more representative segment of the macroinvertebrate community to be sampled. In order to match
the method used to sample in 2016, eight randomly located placements will be sampled at each site.
2017 SHOSHONE RIVER SAP
Table 2 - Chemical and biological parameters to be collected at all sites.
Chemical and Biological Parameters; Sample Analysis Methods Parameter Sample Method Reporting
Units Test Method Preservative Holding
Time Water temperature In situ Degrees
Celsius A2550 None; field
measurement N/A
pH In situ Standard units
A4500-H+ None; field measurement
N/A
Electrical Conductivity In situ µS/cm A2510-B None; field measurement
N/A
Dissolved Oxygen In situ mg/L; % saturation
ASTM D 885-05 (optical); A4500-O(G) and EPA 360.1(membrane)
None; field measurement
N/A
Turbidity Grab NTUs E 180.1 None; field measurement
N/A
Nitrogen, Nitrite + Nitrate
Grab µg/L E 353.2 Iced; H2SO4 to pH<2 28 days
Nitrogen, Total Grab µg/L Calculation Iced; H2SO4 to pH<2 28 days Phosphorus, Total Grab µg/L E 365.1 Iced; H2SO4 to pH<2 28 days Alkalinity, Total (as CaCO3)
Grab mg/L A2320B Iced 14 days
Total Dissolved Solids Grab mg/L A2540 C Iced 7 days Total Suspended Solids
Grab mg/L A2540 D Iced 7 days
Chlorophyll a SOP for Periphyton Sampling Method
mg/M3 E447.0 (HPLC) Ethyl alcohol; see SOP for Chlorophyll a sample preservation
28 days
Macroinvertebrates Riffle habitat collection using modified rectangular frame net (described below)
Raw counts and density of taxa
SOP for macroinvertebrate sample identification
Ethyl alcohol; see SOP for macroinvertebrate sample preservation
Indefinite; samples may need to be decanted and re-preserved
Periphyton SOP for Periphyton Sampling Method
Raw counts and density of taxa
SOP for periphyton sample identification
3-5% Lugol’s solution; see SOP for periphyton preservative
indefinite
Fish Raft Electroshocking
Population estimates
Mark and recapture (WGFD)
Not applicable Not applicable
Fish data will likely be a critical component for assessing standards on the Shoshone River. The WGFD
manages the Shoshone River below Buffalo Bill Dam in reaches between migration barriers. In 2016, mark-
recapture population estimates where made between Corbett Dam and Willwood Dam, and between
Willwood Dam and Mormon Dam following the sediment release. Currently, mark-recapture population
estimates from Buffalo Bill Dam to Corbett Dam and from Willwood Dam to Mormon Dam are scheduled
to be completed in 2017. We hope to work with the WGFD to add population estimates from Mormon
Dam to Penrose Dam and/or below Penrose Dam in 2018.
2017 SHOSHONE RIVER SAP
6.5 Sampling Schedule Water chemistry samples will be collected at all sites monthly for up to three years. One
macroinvertebrate, periphyton and physical habitat data collection will occur each year of the project
sometime from late October through November, depending on conditions. We hope to work with the
WGFD to collect fish data between each of the migration barriers before the end of the project.
6.6 Sample Labeling All sample labels will include the waterbody and site names, date of collection, military time, and a distinct
sample ID. Distinct sample IDs should be of the following format:
Example sample ID – JJM-17-300-1
JJM=Sampler initials 17=Year sampled 300=Julian date 1=First sample of the day/Sample number
Macroinvertebrate samples will be followed by an M (JJM-17-300-1M), periphyton by a P (JJM-17-300-1P)
and chlorophyll-α by chla (JJM-17-300-1chla).
7.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL (QA/QC) All data will be collected, recorded and validated in accordance with Wyoming’s Quality Assurance Project
Plan (QAPP), and Manual of Standard Operating Procedures for Sample Collection and Analysis unless
otherwise noted (WDEQ/WQD 2017a and WDEQ/WQD 2017b).
7.1 Chain of Custody The WDEQ provides separate Chain of Custody forms for laboratory chemistry and chlorophyll- α
samples, macroinvertebrate samples and periphyton samples. Copies of each of these Chain of Custody
forms are provided in Appendix B.
7.2 Blanks and Duplicates Blanks and duplicates will be collected for QC according to WDEQ 2017b. Table 3 outlines the parameters
and minimum frequency and parameters for which blanks and duplicates will be collected.
Table 3 - Blank and duplicate sample collection parameters and frequency.
Field QA/QC Samples Collection Frequency Parameters
Field Blank Minimum of 1 per 10 samples All chemistries
Duplicate Minimum of 1 per 10 samples Chemistries, macroinvertebrates and periphyton
2017 SHOSHONE RIVER SAP
7.3 Data Quality Objectives (DQOs) Data quality objectives are qualitative and quantitative statements derived from the systematic planning
process that specify the level of uncertainty that decision makers are willing to accept in the collected
monitoring data while still meeting the project objectives. Measurement performance criteria are
expressed in terms of Data Quality Indicators (DQIs) which include precision, accuracy, and completeness.
Table 4 summarizes data quality indicators pertinent to this SAP.
Table 4 - Data Quality Indicators.
Parameter Precision Accuracy Completeness Temperature +/-0.3 S.U. 90%-110%
95%
pH 20% ±0.3 Units
Conductivity 10% 90%-110%
Dissolved Oxygen 10% 90%-110%
Turbidity 20% when > 10 x RL* 80%-120%
Nitrogen, Nitrite + Nitrate 20% when 3 x RL to 10 x RL, 20% when > 10 x RL
85%-115%**
Nitrogen, Total 30% when 3 x RL to 10 x RL, 20% when > 10 x RL
85%-115%**
Phosphorus, Total 30% when 3 x RL to 10 x RL, 20% when > 10 x RL
85%-115%**
Alkalinity, Total (as CaCO3) 20% when > 10 x RL* 90%-110%**
Total Dissolved Solids 20% 69%-131%**
Total Suspended Solids 20% when > 10 x RL* 60%-120%**
Chlorophyll a 30% when > 10 x RL* 80%-120%**
Macroinvertebrates and Periphyton, Number of Taxa
15% Macroinvertebrates – Sorting efficiency >95%, Identification based on Bray-Curtis >95% Periphyton – Identification based on Bray-Curtis >75%
Macroinvertebrates and Periphyton, Total Abundance
50%
*RL=Reporting Limit **Based on data received from lab in 2016. Actual recoveries will be set by WDEQ Lab.
Accuracy is the degree to which a recorded measurement varies from a true value. It includes a
combination of random error (precision) and systematic error (bias) components of both sampling and
analytical operations. Field instruments are calibrated, maintained, and checked against standard
reference materials (SRMs) to ensure accurate measurement of water quality parameters. Accuracy can
be improved in the field through the adherence to SOPs. Laboratories test instruments using spiked matrix
samples of known concentrations. Routine laboratory recoveries for spiked samples is 85%-115%.
Precision is the measure of agreement among repeated measurements of the same property under
identical or substantially similar conditions (duplicates). The Relative Percent Difference (RPD) of
duplicates provides a numeric representation of precision. From a QC perspective, precision provides
information on sample collection, processing and analysis. Again, precision can be improved through the
adherence to SOPs.
Completeness is a measure of the amount of valid data obtained from a sampling plan or project
compared to what was expected to be obtained. It is calculated by dividing the number of valid
measurements by the number of planned measurements times 100, and is expressed as a percentage.
2017 SHOSHONE RIVER SAP
7.4 Equipment Calibration, Maintenance and Calibration Logs Table 5 - Field meter calibration, maintenance and logbook information.
Item Calibration Calibration Check
Maintenance Calibration Log
pH meter - Hydrolab MS5**
Once daily using pH 7 & 10 standards
Once daily at end of sampling event with pH 7.38 standard*
Re-condition according to owner’s manual. Remove precipitate/debris and keep probe bulb moist
See Owner’s Manual for calibration and Appendix B for Hydrolab MS5 Calibration Logs
Conductivity meter – Hydrolab MS5**
Once daily using 100 or 1,000 µS/cm standard
Once daily at end of sampling event with 100 or 1,000 µS/cm standard
Re-condition according to owner’s manual. Remove precipitate/debris
See Owner’s Manual for calibration and Appendix B for Hydrolab MS5 Calibration Logs
D.O. meter – Hydrolab MS5**
Once daily or with each 500 ft change in elevation
Once daily at end of day
Re-condition according to owner’s manual. Remove precipitate/debris and keep probe bulb moist
See Owner’s Manual for calibration and Appendix B for Hydrolab MS5 Calibration Logs
Turbidimeter – Hach 2100Q***
Monthly 3-point with Stablcal 20, 100 and 800 standards
Once daily with one of the 20, 100 or 800 standards
Keep sample vials clean.
See Owner’s Manual for calibration and Appendix B for Turbidimeter 2100Q Calibration Logs
*If 7.38 standard is unavailable, 7 standard will be used.
**Serial number 070500045314
***Serial number 13020C023356
7.5 Field Notes Field notes will follow the WDEQ SOP Manual, SOP for Field Log Books, and will include the sampler’s
name, the date and time of sample collection, weather conditions, environmental conditions, notes on
any equipment issues, and any modifications made to the SAP or SOPs. A copy of the field data sheets are
presented in Appendix B.
7.6 Corrective Action All aspects of this SAP will be continually evaluated for the duration of the project. If a need to substantially
modify the SAP arises, the project manager will insert a dated amendment and notify all pertinent WDEQ
personnel.
Field personnel are responsible for immediate corrective actions in the field if a QC issue is found during
a QC check (calibration or verification of meters). This could involve instrument maintenance,
recalibration and/or re-sampling depending on the situation. All field corrective actions should be
documented, including the personnel’s initials, date and military time.
2017 SHOSHONE RIVER SAP
7.7 Reconciliation with DQOs Project data will be compared to the list of data quality objectives. In cases where objectives were not
met, possible reasons will be listed and project officers will decide whether the data should be accepted,
qualified, or rejected.
7.8 Field Audits If requested, the project manager will work with the WDEQ QA/QC officer to complete a field audit.
8.0 LABORATORIES The following laboratories will provide analytical services for samples collected as part of the project
described in this SAP:
1. Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality, Water Quality Division Laboratory (WQD lab)
The WQD lab will be the primary provider of analytical services for water and chlorophyll-α
samples collected as part of this project. The WQD lab will provide customized packages of
bottles, labels, preservatives, and chain of custody forms prior to samples being collected as
requested by the samplers. Samplers will send samples to the WQD lab within one week of
collection using the United Parcel Service or Federal Express. The WQD lab will analyze samples
in accordance with established standards for holding time, analytical method, and data quality
assurance and control. Results of analyses will be returned to samplers within one month of
receipt of samples by the WQD lab. The WQD lab will follow the Watershed Program standard
operating procedures (http://deq.state.wy.us/wqd/watershed/Downloads/QA/4-1089.pdf) and
QAPP (http://deq.state.wy.us/wqd/watershed/Downloads/QA/QAP.pdf).
2. Rhithron Associates (Rhithron)
Rhithron will provide taxonomic identification services for macroinvertebrate and periphyton
samples collected as part of this project. Rhithron has provided taxonomic services to the
Watershed Program since 2004 and is under contract through July 30, 2018. Preserved
macroinvertebrate and periphyton samples will be sent to Rhithron at the end of the field season.
Rhithron will provide results to samplers within 90 days of receipt of samples. Rhithron will
subsample, sort and identify specimens according to contract terms and the SOP for
Macroinvertebrate Sample Identification. Established standards for taxonomic identification will
be followed. Rhithron quality system documentation is available from Rhithron upon request.
2017 SHOSHONE RIVER SAP
9.0 DATA
9.1 Data verification and Validation The project manager will perform the following data verification and validation procedures:
Review the data to make sure all forms were filled out correctly and completely, including Field
Log Books, Laboratory Data Sheets, Field Data Sheets, and Equipment Calibration Logs.
Verify holding times, techniques, duplicates, and blanks were conducted according to the
methods outlined in this SAP.
Examine the data to verify that raw data is accurately transcribed for data management and
storage.
Review data to ensure that DQIs for all parameters have been met.
The project manager will review the water quality data at the end of each fall sampling season to look for
consistency, completeness, and accuracy of the data records.
9.2 Data Management Table 6 - Summary of how data will be managed.
Data Type Storage Location
Chemical SWM 2.0 database Spreadsheet and .pdf
WDEQ/WQD Cheyenne and Sheridan
Biological, Macroinvertebrate
SWM 2.0 database Spreadsheet and .pdf
WDEQ/WQD Cheyenne and Sheridan
Biological, Periphyton EDAS-Periphyton database Spreadsheet and .pdf
WDEQ/WQD Cheyenne and Sheridan
Biological, Fish Spreadsheet WDEQ/WQD Sheridan
Physical, Other SWM 2.0 database Spreadsheet
WDEQ/WQD Sheridan
9.3 Data Archiving Table 7 - Summary of where and how data will be stored.
Data Item Format Backup Copy & Format
Location Retention
Field Data Sheets Paper None WDEQ/WQD Sheridan and Cheyenne
Permanent
Photographs Electronic (.jpg and .wpd) & Paper
Electronic (.jpg and .wpd)
WDEQ/WQD Sheridan and Cheyenne
Permanent
Field Log Books Paper Paper WDEQ/WQD Sheridan
Permanent
2017 SHOSHONE RIVER SAP
Laboratory Results/Qa
Electronic (.pdf) & Paper
Electronic (.pdf) & Paper
WDEQ/WQD Cheyenne and Sheridan
Permanent
Agency Qa Reports Electronic (.wpd and .pdf) & Paper
Electronic (.wpd and .pdf) & Paper
WDEQ/WQD Cheyenne and Sheridan
Permanent
Calibration Logs Paper Electronic (.pdf) WDEQ/WQD Cheyenne and Sheridan
Permanent
Chain of Custody Forms
Electronic (.xlsx) & Paper
Electronic (.xlsx) & Paper
WDEQ/WQD Cheyenne and Sheridan
Permanent
Spreadsheets, other electronic storage and analysis files
Electronic (.xlsx, .rmp, .txt, .dbf, other) & Paper
Electronic (.xlsx, .rmp, .txt, .dbf, other) & Paper
WDEQ/WQD Sheridan
Permanent
Database Electronic (.mdb, other)
Electronic (.mdb, other)
WDEQ/WQD Permanent
Reports, emails, letters
Electronic (.wpd, .pdf, .html) & Paper
Electronic (.wpd, .pdf, .html) & Paper
WDEQ/WQD Sheridan
Permanent
-All records are the property of the State and therefore subject to the Wyoming Public Records Act.
-Records may be transferred to the Wyoming State Archives according to procedures in the Wyoming Records Management
Manual.
Completed data sheets will be kept on file in the WDEQ Sheridan field office. A copy of the data will also
be sent and filed in our Cheyenne office. A copy of calibration logs will be sent to the Quality Assurance
Officer (QAO). A digital copy of all data will be kept on the Sheridan field office server.
9.4 Data Analysis Analytical methods for this study include but are not limited to the following: Table 8 - Proposed analytical methods.
Data Type Analytical Method
Chemical, all Chemical data will be directly compared to applicable State acute and chronic numeric criteria protective of assigned designated uses (WDEQ/WQD 2017 (draft) and 2013).
Biological, Macroinvertebrate, Periphyton and Fish*
Biological data will be evaluated with respect to applicable State narrative criteria protective of aquatic life using a weight-of-evidence approach (WDEQ/WQD 2017 (draft) and 2013). Surrogate metrics, representing the structure and function of aquatic life communities, will be compared to the stressor gradient identified by chemical and physical data.
Physical, Other Physical data will be evaluated with respect to applicable State narrative criteria protective of assigned designated uses using a weight-of-evidence approach (WDEQ/WQD 2017 (draft) and 2013).
*Because it is outside of WDEQ’s expertise, collection and analysis of fish data will rely almost exclusively on WGFD cooperation.
2017 SHOSHONE RIVER SAP
9.5 Evaluation of Data Data will be evaluated with historic data collected from previous WDEQ monitoring studies. If data
pertinent to the objectives of this SAP are identified, results of this evaluation will be included in the final
data report.
10.0 REPORTS At the conclusion of data collection, the WDEQ will develop a scientific report analyzing all credible data
and make a determination about standards attainment on the Shoshone River. This report is utilized in
the development of the biennial Integrated Report (305(b) and 303(d)) that details water quality
throughout the state of Wyoming.
11.0 REFERENCES Rosgen, D.L. 2006. Watershed Assessment of River Stability and Sediment Supply (WARSSS). Wildland Hydrology. Fort Collins, CO.
WDEQ/WQD. 2013. Water Quality Rules and Regulations, Chapter 1, Wyoming Surface Water Quality
Standards. Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality, Water Quality Division, Cheyenne,
Wyoming.
WDEQ/WQD. 2017a. Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) for Beneficial Use Reconnaissance Project
(BURP) Water Quality Monitoring. Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality, Water Quality
Division, Cheyenne, Wyoming.
WDEQ/WQD. 2017b. Manual of standard operating procedure for sample collection and analysis.
Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality, Water Quality Division, Cheyenne, Wyoming.
WDEQ/WQD. 2017 (draft). Wyoming’s method for determining water quality condition of surface
waters and TMDL prioritization criteria for 303(d) listed waters. Wyoming Department of Environmental
Quality, Water Quality Division, Cheyenne, Wyoming.
2017 SHOSHONE RIVER SAP
Appendices
Appendix A – Route Maps
Appendix B - Forms
2017 SHOSHONE RIVER SAP
APPENDIX A – Route Maps
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APPENDIX B - Forms
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