safe operating procedures for aerial lifts · aerial lift - a mobile device used to temporarily...
TRANSCRIPT
Safe Operating Procedures
for Aerial Lifts
Presented by: Charlie Vasconez, CSP, ARM
ASSE NEIL Meeting
Friday March 16, 2018
Today’s Topics
▪ Definitions, distinctions, types of lifts
▪ Fall protection required
▪ Injury and fatality causes
▪ Training requirements
▪ Operator responsibilities
▪ Machine and jobsite inspection requirements
▪ Safe operating tips
▪ Aerial lift resources
Definitions
▪ Aerial lift - A mobile device used to temporarily
elevate personnel to perform work. This
includes both telescoping boom platforms and
articulating boom platforms.
▪ Scissor lift - A temporary mobile elevating work
platform (supported scaffold) which only elevates
vertically.
▪ Both of these devices are also referred to as “Mobile
Elevating Work Platforms” (MEWP)
Important Distinction
Important Distinction
Important Distinctions
Subpart “L”
OSHA Standards
▪ OSHA covers the use of “aerial” lifts in 29 CFR 1926.453. For the purposes of this presentation, “aerial” lifts are the same as “boom” lifts.
▪ OSHA classifies “scissor” lifts as mobile scaffolds and covers them under 29 CFR 1926.451, 1926.452(w).
▪ 29CFR 1926.454 applies to scissor and boom lifts.
▪ Per OSHA, the use of PFAS is only required when using boom lifts. More later…
▪ OSHA refers to the following additional standards in relation to boom & scissor lifts:
▪ ANSI/SIA- A92.5: Boom Supported Elevating Work Platforms
▪ ANSI/SIA- A92.6: Self Propelled Elevating Work Platforms
Additional Referenced Standards
Scissor Lifts
▪ Classified by OSHA as
Scaffolding (Subpart L)
▪ Guidelines addressed in
OSHA §1926.452(w) - Mobile
Scaffolds▪ Must meet requirements of this section
Upper Controls
Platform
Scissor Arms
Lift Cylinder
Steering WheelsDrive Wheels
Lower ControlsMotor
Scissor Lifts
Safety Rails
Scissor Lifts
PFAS in Scissor Lifts?
▪ PFAS is not required for scissor lifts per OSHA.
▪ However, several GC’s in our area require the use
of PFAS in scissor lifts.
Straight (Telescoping)
Boom
Boom Lifts
Articulating Boom
Boom Lifts
PFAS in Boom Lifts?
Per OSHA, occupants in the basket of a boom lift are required
to utilize a PFAS due to the potential for being catapulted out
of the lift. Again, more on this later…
▪ Fall from elevated level, standing/leaning over rails
▪ Ejections from the lift platform
▪ Electrical shock (electrocutions)
▪ Tip-overs
▪ Caught between the lift and an object (i.e. roof joist,
beam, balcony, soffit, etc.)
▪ Structural failure (i.e. using lift as a material crane)
Injuries & Fatalities
▪ Entanglement hazards/collapsing materials
▪ Operating the lift in inclement weather or low
visibility conditions
▪ Inexperienced or untrained operators
▪ Unobserved, uncorrected mechanical or
structural defects in equipment
▪ Equipment misuse (i.e. using scissor lift on
unlevel surface or outdoors on soft ground)
Injuries & Fatalities
Injuries & Fatalities
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PPT-119-01
Injuries & Fatalities
Injuries & Fatalities
Electrocutions:
▪ Can involve overhead power lines or unprotected/uncovered live circuits inside of buildings
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Injuries & Fatalities
▪ A worker can be caught between the lift
platform or guardrail and object (such as
steel beams or joists)
Injuries & Fatalities
Injuries & Fatalities
Injuries & Fatalities
Injuries & Fatalities
Injuries & Fatalities
A worker in a scissor lift was installing bolts to connect two large overhead
steel beams.
The worker somehow inadvertently activated the lever for controlling
elevation.
The platform elevated. The worker was pushed firmly onto the control lever
when he was caught between an overhead beam and the elevating
platform’s guard rail.
The platform continued to rise, fatally crushing the worker.
Never position yourself
between overhead hazards,
and the rails of the basket!
Injuries & Fatalities
Injuries & Fatalities
Workers need to stand firmly on the floor of the basket:
▪ Never sit on, lean on, or climb onto the guardrails
▪ Do not use planks, ladders, or other devices to
establish a work position
▪ No overreaching from basket
▪ Close entrance chains/doors
Safety First
Good or bad?
▪ Ice, snow, rain and liquids on platform can cause slips/trips/falls….keep as clear/dry as possible.
▪ Tools, equipment, materials, ice, etc. can fall from work activities on platform, potentially injuring personnel below.
▪ Slips/trips/falls on the platform from poor housekeeping.
▪ Always maintain 3 points of contact when mounting/dismounting all lifts.
Safety First
▪ Hardhat required for all users on, and persons working
below lifts (required as per Subpart L).
▪ Place tools and other equipment or materials away from
edge of platform.
▪ Protective zones below scaffold also protect workers
from falling objects.
Safety First
Working near power lines
Working near power lines
▪ Conductive objects could be wires, transformers,
ducts, pipes, or other equipment.
▪ Maintain a minimum clearance of at least 10 feet*
away from the nearest overhead line (up to 50 kV).
▪ Never lose awareness of the overhead hazard.
▪ *refer to operator manuals for higher voltages
Working near power lines
Always treat overhead lines as energized, even if they
appear to be insulated.
Working near power lines
Working near power lines
Working near power lines
▪ If necessary, another worker can be a spotter for
the operator to ensure the minimum approach
distance is maintained.
▪ You can also post a sign warning of the overhead
wire hazard.
Can wind cause tip-over?
▪ Creates additional force on the platform. Does not
actually add any additional weight, only applied
force, however the machine won’t know the
difference.
▪ Wind can be different (gusty, swirly, etc.) above
roof levels, and around walls and other structures.
▪ Follow the manufacturer’s rules for operating in
wind.
Wind concerns
Wind concerns
Do not raise the platform when wind speeds may
exceed 28 mph / 12.5 m/s. If wind speeds exceed
28 mph / 12.5 m/s when the platform is raised,
lower the platform and do not continue to operate
the machine.
Do not operate the machine in strong or gusty
winds. Do not increase the surface area of the
platform or the load. Increasing the area exposed to
the wind will decrease machine stability.
Genie scissor lift manual
Wind concerns
Genie boom lift manual
Do not operate the machine in strong or gusty
winds.
Do not increase the surface area of the
platform or the load. Increasing the area
exposed to the wind will decrease machine
stability.
…no mention in the boom lift manual of exact
wind speed!
Wind concerns
JLG scissor lift manual
Wind concerns
JLG boom lift manual
Per OSHA, ALL occupants in a boom lift must wear appropriate
PFAS, I do not recommend using 6-foot lanyards!
PFAS
Six-foot lanyard? Or not…
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5aVWkk4K_HQ
Different boom lifts
Is this a problem?
Is this a problem?
Training
OSHA requires that all operators be
trained for the aerial device they are using
by a qualified person. This training is to be
documented, retained and available.
▪ Be trained and authorized to operate the equipment
▪ Be aware of specific hazards and how to avoid
▪ Read/understand manuals & decals
▪ Inspect your machine
▪ Perform function tests
Operator Training
▪ Inspect your job site
▪ Re-familiarize yourself with your machine
▪ Demonstrate safe operating skills
▪ Administer quiz
Operator Training
Pre-Start Inspection:
▪ Operating and emergency controls
▪ Safety devices
▪ Personal protective devices
▪ Air, hydraulic, and fuel systems leaks
▪ Cables and wiring harnesses
▪ Loose or missing parts
Training
Pre-Start Inspection, continued:
▪ Tires and wheels
▪ Placards, warnings, control markings, and operating
manuals (must be legible)
▪ Outriggers, stabilizers and other structures
▪ Platform, gate and guardrail system
▪ Other items as specified by the manufacturer
Training
Before operation the operator shall:
Ensure that the manufacturer’s
operating manual and the ANSI/SAIA
Manual of Responsibilities are in the
weatherproof container on the lift.
Training
Read and understand all labels, warnings and instructions.
Training
Load Capacity
Do not exceed the load limits of the equipment
Allow for the combined weight of the worker(s), tools,
and materials
Training
Function test as per manufacturer
Prior to the beginning of each shift the
operator shall perform a full functional
test on all machine controls starting with
the lower controls first.
Any problems or malfunctions noted that affect
safety and/or operation shall be repaired
prior to use of the lift platform
Training
Function test as per manufacturer
Training
Inspect and test daily:
▪ Lower and upper operating and
emergency controls, ensure
“dead man” features functioning
properly
▪ Safety devices
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Training
Familiarize yourself with the machine’s
auxiliary/manual lowering system if so equipped
Training
Take a peek at the hydraulic system
Training
Avoiding Catastrophes
Jobsite Inspection
Before the lift is used and during use, the operator shall check the area in which the lift is to be used for possible hazards such as, but not limited to:
▪ Drop offs, uncovered or poorly covered holes, uneven or soft surfaces, untamped earthfills.
▪ Slopes, bumps or floor obstructions.
▪ Debris.
▪ Overhead obstructions and electrical conductors.
▪ Hazardous locations/atmospheres.
Avoiding Catastrophes
Jobsite Inspection
▪ Inadequate surface and support to withstand all load forces imposed by the aerial platform in all operating configurations.
▪ Wind and weather conditions.
▪ Contact with ceiling and overhead objects.
▪ Close proximately of other workers, vehicles, equipment, materials.
▪ Do not stand on railings to reach work area.
▪ Don’t use planks, ladders or other devices on the lift
platform in order to achieve any additional height or
reach.
▪ Do not overload or use lift like a crane.
▪ Do not override safety devices.
▪ To obtain the best possible traction, the platform
should be over the drive wheels, not the steering
wheels.
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Safe operating procedures
▪ Set up proper work zone
protection when working
near traffic and/or personnel.
▪ Avoid excessive horizontal
forces when working on
elevated scissor lifts.
▪ Do not use lift with damaged
wheels or tires.
▪ No stunt driving or
horseplay.
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Safe operating procedures
▪ Limit your travel speed and
movements to match site
conditions such as ground/soil
characteristics, congestion,
overall visibility, proximity to
workers, equipment, and
materials, etc.
▪ Shut down the lift if any
malfunction is suspected, report
the malfunction immediately and
lock out the lift!
Safe operating procedures
Resources
▪ IPAF
▪ genielift.com
▪ jlg.com
▪ liftandaccess.com
▪ United Rentals Academy
▪ Chicagoland Union training centers
▪ certifymeonline.net
▪ Safety Services Company
Resources
▪ compliancetrainingonline.com
▪ aerialliftcertification.com
▪ clicksafety.com
Additional Information
Fact Sheets for Aerial Lifts
https://www.osha.gov/Publications/aerial
-lifts-factsheet.pdf
https://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_Hurr
icane_Facts/aerial_lifts.pdf
OSHA Scissor Lift Hazard Alert
https://www.osha.gov/Publications/
OSHA3842.pdf